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Fast intra coding unit decision for high efficiency video coding based on statistical information
Lee, Dokyung,Jeong, Jechang Elsevier 2017 SIGNAL PROCESSING-IMAGE COMMUNICATION - Vol.55 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The latest video coding compression standard is known as high–efficiency video coding (HEVC). It supports high-resolution video sequences and has better coding performance than the previous standard H.264/AVC. A quad-tree based coding unit (CU) partitioning process is one of the most efficient technologies used in an HEVC encoder. A coding tree unit (typically 64×64) can be split into smaller CUs based on rate-distortion optimization, allowing various types of video content to be adaptively compressed. In addition, intra prediction of the HEVC standard supports 35 prediction modes (planar, DC, and 33 angular modes) to improve coding efficiency. However, the computational complexity of HEVC encoder becomes a critical problem when implement with an encoder. Thus, a fast CU size decision algorithm for intra prediction of an HEVC encoder is proposed in this study. We utilize image complexity and an adaptive depth prediction for early split CU decision making. In addition, the Bayesian decision rule and quadratic discriminant analysis are used for early termination of the CU partitioning process. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithm considerably reduces encoding time by approximately 55.47% with only a small BD-BR loss (1.01%) compared to the HEVC reference software HM 16.0.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Predicted depth and variance difference are exploited for early-split CU detection. </LI> <LI> CUs partitioning process can be terminated by the Bayesian decision rule and quadratic discriminant analysis. </LI> <LI> Using online learning system, thresholds of proposed algorithm are periodically updated. </LI> <LI> Proposed algorithm reduces encoding time up to 55.47% with 1.01% BD-BR loss. </LI> </UL> </P>
Assessment of Bacterial Contamination of Raw Meats Sold in Korea, 2007
Dokyung Lee(이도경),Jaewoong Hwang(황재웅),Hwanjin Yang(양환진),Soek Jang(장석),Eunhye Baek(백은혜),Mijin Kim(김미진),Junghyun Kim(김정현),Sangjin Lee(이상진),Namjoo Ha(하남주) 환경독성보건학회 2007 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.22 No.4
본 연구는 인간의 건강과 식품의 오염을 예방하기 위한 유용한 자료를 얻기 위하여 육류(소고기, 닭고기, 돼지고기)로부터 분리된 staphylococci를 가지고 한국에서 광범위하게 사용되는 6가지 항생제와 daptomycin, linezolid, quinupristin/dalfopristin and tigecycline과 같은 4가지의 신항생제에 대한 항생제 감수성 시험을 수행하였다. 이에 더하여 육류의 세균 오염실태를 조사하기 위하여 총 세균수와 대장균수를 측정하였다. 그 결과 147개의 육류 샘플 중 48%의 샘플에서 일반세균수의 기준에 부적합한 결과가 나타났으며, 대장균수에 대해서는 31%의 샘플에서 기준에 부적합한 결과가 나타났다. 또한 육류의 91%에서 stapylococci가 검출되었으며 이들 staphylococci는 Coagulase Negative Staphylococci(CNS)와 S. aureus로 동정되었다. 분리된 staphylococci의 5.4%가 methicillin (oxacillin)에 내성을 나타내었고, 특히 mupirocin (MIC??, > 12㎍/mL)과 gentamicin (MIC??, 64㎍/mL)에 높은 내성을 나타내었다. 그러나 신항생제에 대해서는 methicillin 내성 staphylococci를 포함한 모든 staphylococci 분리균주가 높은 감수성을 나타내었다. 결론적으로 본 연구의 결과들은 육류가 소비자들의 건강에 중요한 위험요소로 작용할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다.
Increased Plasma Nitric Oxide Metabolites in Suicide Attempters
Lee, Bun-Hee,Lee, Sung-Woo,Yoon, Dokyung,Lee, Heon-Jeong,Yang, Jong-Chul,Shim, Se-Hoon,Kim, Do-Hoon,Ryu, Seung-Ho,Han, Changsu,Kim, Yong-Ku S. Karger AG 2006 Neuropsychobiology Vol.53 No.3
<P><I>Objective:</I> To evaluate any correlation between plasma levels of nitric oxide metabolites (NO<SUB>x</SUB>) and suicide attempt. <I>Method:</I> Plasma NO<SUB>x</SUB> levels were measured in 53 patients who had recently attempted suicide, 58 nonsuicidal psychiatric patients, and 75 normal controls. The severity of suicidal behaviors was evaluated using Weisman and Worden’s Risk-Rescue Rating Scale. <I>Results:</I> Plasma NO<SUB>x</SUB> levels were significantly higher in suicidal patients than nonsuicidal psychiatric patients or normal control subjects (F = 11.029, d.f. = 2, 183, p < 0.001). Among the patients with a diagnosis of major depression, suicidal depressive patients had significantly higher plasma NO<SUB>x</SUB> levels than nonsuicidal depressive patients (t = -3.090, d.f. = 84, p = 0.003). <I>Conclusion:</I> Our study suggests that increased NO production in plasma is associated with suicide attempt, especially in depressive patients.</P><P>Copyright © 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>
Fast CU size decision algorithm using machine learning for HEVC intra coding
Lee, Dokyung,Jeong, Jechang Elsevier 2018 SIGNAL PROCESSING-IMAGE COMMUNICATION - Vol.62 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is a state-of-the-art video compression standard which improves coding efficiency significantly compared with the previous coding standard, H.264/AVC. In the HEVC standard, novel technologies consuming massive computational power are adopted, such as quad-tree-based coding unit (CU) partitioning. Although an HEVC encoder can efficiently compress various video sequences, the computational complexity of an exhaustive search has become a critical problem in HEVC encoder implementation. In this paper, we propose a fast algorithm for the CU partitioning process of the HEVC encoder using machine learning methods. A complexity measure based on the Sobel operator and rate-distortion costs are defined as features for our algorithm. A CU size can be determined early by employing Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis and the <I>k</I>-nearest neighbors classifier. The statistical data used for the proposed algorithm is updated by adaptive online learning phase. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce encoding time by approximately 54.0% with a 0.68% Bjøntegaard-Delta bit-rate increase.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The proposed algorithm is to reduce encoding time of the HEVC. </LI> <LI> Using adaptive online learning phase, the thresholds are updated automatically. </LI> <LI> The CU size is early determined by the FLDA and k -NN. </LI> <LI> The proposed algorithm successfully reduce the encoding time of the HEVC. </LI> </UL> </P>
현도경(Dokyung Hyun),김성환(Sunghwan Kim),이연호(Younho Lee),이혜원(Hyewon Lee),이승현(Seunghyun Lee),권기상(Kisang Kwon),문병진(Byungjin Moon) 한국신뢰성학회 2020 신뢰성응용연구 Vol.20 No.3
Purpose: This study identifies the appropriate signal data from an electronic weapon system for in a prognostics and health management (PHM) technique, and suggests a design idea for efficient data collection. Methods: The RF module of a signal process unit was selected for applying a PHM technique. The current signal and RF signal were collected by the measurement equipment for 120 days, and the remaining useful life (RUL) was predicted using three parameters: current, RF, RF signal, and combination of current and RF signal. Results: Both sets of collected data showed a degradation trend over time. Three RUL predictions that were based on cumulated data over 80 days approached the actual failure point. However, the respective predictions were very different during the early portion of data collection. Additionally, this study suggests a design idea for efficient and economical data collection by embedding the RF detector and current sensor within the RF module. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the possibility of applying PHM to an electronic RF module based on its signal degradation trend. The suggested data collection and RUL prediction-methods from this study can be applied to various electronic weapon systems.
이도경(Dokyung Lee) 한국산업경영시스템학회 2011 한국산업경영시스템학회지 Vol.34 No.4
Process capability indices (PCIs) have been widely used in manufacturing industries to provide a quantitative measure of process potential and performance. The previous studies have measured only one location on each part in the case of single variate. To calculate the reliable process capability, a couple of measuring locations on each part are required. In this paper, we propose a new system process capability index SCpm(m) which is the minimum value of the location PCIs.
추가적인 백업 가상 네트워크 기능 배치 없이 서비스 체인의 생존성을 보장하는 상호보완적 백업 시스템
이도경 ( Dokyung Lee ),장영훈 ( Syed Muhammad Raza ),샤이드무함마드라자 ( Moonseong Kim ),김문성 ( Hyunseung Choo ),추현승 한국정보처리학회 2020 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.27 No.1
네트워크 기능 가상화와 소프트웨어 정의 네트워킹의 융합은 현재의 네트워크를 대체할 새로운 매커니즘으로써 대두되고 있다. 특히 서비스 기능 체인은 네트워크에 유연성을 효율적으로 부여할 수 있다는 장점으로 인해 부각되고 있다. 그러나 서비스 기능 체인은 그 특유의 체인형 구조로 인해 생존성에 큰 약점을 갖고 있기도 하다. 이에 기존 방법들은 별도의 백업 가상 네트워크 기능을 배치하는데, 이는 자원 효율적이지 못하다. 본 논문에서는 추가적인 백업 가상 네트워크 기능 배치 없이 서비스 기능 체인의 생존성을 보장하는 백업 시스템을 제안한다.
여러 측정점이 요구되는 경우의 공정능력지수에 관한 연구
이현석(Hyunseok Lee),이도경(Dokyung Lee) 한국산업경영시스템학회 2006 한국산업경영시스템학회 학술대회 Vol.2006 No.추계
Process Capability indices(PCIs) have been widely used in manufacturing industries to provide a quantitative measure of process potential and performance. There have been two lines of research works in this fields. The one is the studies on the properties of PCIs and their estimators in many different environment. And the other is the studies on the properties of multiple variate PCI or the multiple processes. The previous studies have been measured a point on each parts in single process. But multiple measure points are required the calculate the reliable process capability. In this case, The PCI has the properties the system process capability rather than the single process capability. In this paper, we propose a new process capability index in case of multiple points on each part in single process.