비온의 연구에 나타난 시간성의 정신분석적 의미 : 버지니아 울프의 소설 『등대로』를 중심으로

이은도(Lee, Eun?Do),이준호(Lee, Joon?Ho) 한국현대정신분석학회 2020 현대정신분석 Vol.22 No.1

“시간이 흐른다”는 것은 자연 속에 존재하는 당연한 현상이므로 그 정신분석적 의미는 간과되기 쉽지만 비온은 그 의미에 대해 논한 바 있다. 비온의 연구에서 시간성은 사고의 발달 과정에서 나타난다. 시간의 측정은 좌절을 견딜 수 있는 유아에게 가능하며, 부재하는 젖가슴과 젖가슴 사이의 간격 측정과 “무의식적 깨어 생각하기”의 과정을 거쳐 유아의 내면에 시간의 흐름에 대한 관념이 생겨난다. 본 논문에서는 시간의 흐름에 대한 관념은 사고의 발달이 가능한 표지로서 기능할 수 있다고 보았고, 사고의 방향성이 가진 시간적 측면에 따라 시간을 K시간과 O시간으로 나누었다. 시간에 대한 인식의 실패는 O로의 변형에 필연적으로 수반되는 시간의 분열에서 생겨날 수 있으며, O로의 변형을 시도하였으나 좌절을 견디지 못하여 –K로 도피하였을 경우에도 생겨난다. 이때 K시간을 방어로서 사용할 수 있다. 이러한 시간에 대한 인식의 실패가 있는 경우 시간에 대한 특정한 증상으로 발현될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 사례로 버지니아 울프의 작가 일기 「로드멜 1926」을 선정하였다. 「로드멜 1926」은 버지니아 울프의 자전적 소설인 『등대로』를 집필하던 당시의 일기로, 소설 속에는 버지니아 울프의 알파 기능, O에 직면하고 이를 변형하려고 시도하는 모습, 좌절을 견디지 못하여 –K로 도피하는 모습, 그 과정에서 나타난 시간의 분열과 멸절의 양상이 잘 드러나 있다. 「로드멜 1926」에 나타난 시간적 측면의 증상은 버지니아 울프가 소설 속에서 보여준 시간에 대한 인식의 실패가 현실로 발현된 사례로 볼 수 있을 것이다. “Time flows” is a natural phenomenon. But it’s psychoanalytic implications may not be obvious. In Bion’s study, measurement of time becomes possible for infants who can endure frustration, and through the process of “Unconscious wakeful thinking”, the notion on continuity of time is created in the infant’s mind. Time is classified as K time and O time according to the thought’s direction upon the aspect of time in this article. Failure of recognition of time can be generated from the splitting of time that is inevitably accompanied with the transformation of O, and it is generated when one tries to transform into O but cannot endure the frustration so as to escape into –K. In this case, K time can be used as a defense. When failure of recognition of time occurs, it can manifest as a certain symptom related to time. Virginia Woolf’s diary, “Rodmell 1926” would be this case. “Rodmell 1926” is Virginia Woolf’s diary when she wrote her autobiographical novel, To the Lighthouse. In the novel, her alpha function, the confrontation and attempt at transformation of O, the escape to –K due to intolerance of frustration, and splitting of time and annihilation were well illustrated. The symptoms of time that appeared in “Rodmell 1926” can be considered as the case of failure of recognition of time that Virginia Woolf wrote about in her novel, which was expressed in reality.

열분해에 의한 폐플라스틱의 속도론

정도성,서호준 國立 麗水大學校 環境問題硏究所 2000 環境硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.-

Kinetics of pyrolysis of polyethylene, polypropylene, and a mixture of polyethylene and polypropylene(1:1) was studied in the range of 10~90% conversion. Reaction order of them was first order, and activation energies were 255.2, 211.3, 232.5kJ/mol, respectively. Liquid effluent rate of polypropylene was superior to it of polyethylene and a polyethylene - polypropylene mixture(1:1).

광섬유 내의 산란광을 이용한 분포형 온도 센서 시스템에 관한 연구

閔俊基,崔成求,盧度煥 全北大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.41 No.-

A distributed temperature sensor using optical fiber can monitor temperature at every point along its length. It is based on OTDR using Raman scattering, and optical fiber itself is used an sensing device. It detects weak Raman scattering intensities generated at various point along the optical fiber path. The temperature distribution is derived from the intensity of the Raman scattering light and the time between light injection and signal detection. In this paper, the principle of sensing, the system design and the results of experiments are reported.

사과나무 2年生枝 發育程度와 短果枝着生및 新梢發達과의 關係

吳成都,張俊澤 全北大學校 1987 論文集 Vol.29 No.-

Spur frequency on 2-year old wood relation to cultivars has been investigated in order to obtain basic data for forcing of flower bud differentiation in apple tree(Malus domestica Borkh). The relationship between vigor of 2-year old wood and spur frequency on that wood was also studied. Diameter of 2-year old wood of experimented cultivars ranged mostly 10.1mm to 20.0mm but that of Fuji grafted on MM106 (Fuji/MM106) was inferior to other cultivars. There was no difference in flowering rate of spurs in relation to diameter of 2-year old wood. In the subsequent year Mutsu cultivar showed same vigor as the previous year in diameter of 2-year old wood but Fuji showed very weak growth of 2-year old wood, thus it seemed to be the cause of the alternative bearing habit in Fuji cultivar. The shoot appearance on upper node of 2-year old wood in Fuji, regardless of rootstock varieties, was higher than other cultivars; it might cause low spur frequency. In Fuji the relationship between shoot appearance on upper node and length of 2-year old wood was significant, whereas in Starkrimson, Mutsu, and Jonagold the relationship between shoot appearance and diameter of 2-year old wood was significant. In Fuji, vigor of 2-year old wood was little related to frequency of spur, but in Starkrimson, Mutsu, and Jonagold has a significant relationship between spur frequency and diameter of 2-year old wood. Therefore, Fuji cultivar is likely to be little different phenomenon as related to tree vigor in flower bud differentiation and spur frequency of 2-year old wood when compared with other cultivars.

스쿠버다이빙장비 구매결정요인에 관한 연구

이준희,최정도 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate opportunities in the scuba diving market and examine the factors influencing the customer's purchase decision in scuba diving equipment in order to provide guidelines for planning effective marketing strategies to enhance customer satisfaction and maintain customer loyalty, The subjects were scuba diving customers at scuba diving resorts or scuba diving pro shops in the Republic of Korea Eight hundred forty-three customers voluntarily participated in this study by completing a survey. The statistical analyses were performed by using the SPSS 10.0 software, The statistical techniques used for analysis were factor analysis, reliability analysis, frequency, t-test, One-way ANOVA, and Scheffe's post hoc test, Statistical significance was accepted at an alpha Level of p<.05. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, female customers in the study indicated that its quality was the most important element of their purchase decision when considering equipment, followed by design, price, brand name, rarity, and fashion. The females ranked these factors significantly higher than their male counterparts. Second, people in their 20s thought that quality was the most important factor that influenced their purchase decision, followed by price, design, rarity, brand name, and fashion, They rated these factors significantly higher than the rest of the subjects, Third, people with high incomes (monthly income l,500,000won) felt that price and rarity were the most important factors for their purchase decision, while people with high incomes (monthly income 3,500,000won) indicated that quality was the most important factor. Forth, people with high education (bachelor degree) thought that function was the most important factor for their purchase decision, followed by quality, convenience, price, and design, Fifth, people who participated in scuba diving between one and three times a week believed that design was the most important factor for their purchase decision making, followed by rarity, brand name, advertisement, fashion, and the location of the store, Sixth, people with less than three years of scuba diving experience indicated that price was the most important factor for their purchase decision, followed by the design, brand name, rarity, fashion, and advertisement, Seventh, scuba diving beginners tended to believe that design was the most important factor for their purchase decision followed by brand name, and fashion.

現代詩의 아이러니(反語)硏究

張道俊 대구효성 가톨릭대학교 1994 연구논문집 Vol.48 No.1

중학교 유도 선수의 체중감량에 따른 체력변화에 관한 연구

김도준,최인범 龍仁大學校 2001 용인대학교 논문집 Vol.19 No.-

In order to see the middle school Judo athletes' change in physical strength by the weight reduction. 13 athletes in each weight were divided into 3 classes, lightweight, middleweight and heavyweight, and tested for muscular strength(Isometric, Isokinetic Strength) and anaerobic fitness(Peak AnP, AnC) for Judo before the weight reduction(at normal condition) and after it(the day before formal match). The test results are as follows : 1. The method of weight reduction used to increased diet and exercise, the mean of weight reduction was 2.2kg(3.4%) and period of weight reduction was 7.5 days. 2. There was no difference in isometric strength(grip, muscular strength of arms and legs, abdominal muscular strength) by the weight reduction. 3. Isokinetic strength of the knee joint after the weight reduction was turned out to be lower in the absolute value than before it(P〈0.05), and to be lower in the unit weight sugar. However, there was no significant difference. As for the main joint, the absolute value and the unit weight sugar were foound to be lower after the weight reduction(P〈0.01). 4. The anaerobic fitnesses, the Peak anaerobic power(Peak AnP) and the anaerobic capability (AnC) were found to be lower after the weight reduction (P〈0.01) 5. In relation to the weight classes, the muscular strength and anaerobic capability were found to be higher at the heavy classes. However, the abdominal muscle strength and anaerobic capability of the middleweight athletes were turned out to be same or rather higher than those of the heavyweight athletes. 6. The ratio of the strength of extensor and flexor generally has been arisen to be a problem as it was lower than 60%.

자매에서 발생한 중증 마이코플라즈마 폐렴에서 스테로이드 치료

김도희,이경일,김명숙,윤유숙,황자영,임정우,강진한,이준성 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.3

Numerous evidences support the pathogenesis that M. pneumonias pneumonia is associated with cell-mediat-ed immune reaction. We report 2 cases of severe M. pneumoniae pneumonia in previously healthy sisters, who were both admitted during an epidemic of M. pneumoniae pneumonia. The elder sister, who was 16 years old, was admitted with M. pneumoniae pneumonia. She showed no response to treatment with clarithroycin and levo-floxacin, and eventually progressed to severe ARDS, requiring mechanical ventilation. After treatment with hydrocortisone (200 mg/day), there were rapid improvements in clinical manifestations and chest radiographic findings. The younger sister, who was 14 years old, was admitted 10 days later, Presenting with fever but no pneumonic lesions on chest radiograph. Just like her sister, the infection showed no response to clarithromycin. Fever persisted and pneumonic consolidation with mild pleural effusion was noticed in the left lower lobe on the 5th hospital-day. After treatment with oral prednisolone (1 mg/kg), she showed rapid defervescence and on the 8th hospital day, no pneumonic lesions were detectable on chest radiograph. Given the fact that the pathogenesis of pneumonia and extrapulmonary manifestations in M. pneumoniae infection is immune-mediated, an immuno-suppressive therapy would be validated for selected patients with M. pneumoniae infections.

두개강내압 측정시 경막외 측정치와 뇌실내 측정치와의 비교분석

유도성,김달수,조경석,박춘근,강준기 대한신경외과학회 1999 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.28 No.6

宅地開發事業에 있어서 計劃的 都市構成 要素와 事業施行後 나타나는 構成과의 差異點에 關한 硏究

권준오,김재원,정명희,이도범 조선대학교 국토개발연구소 1997 국토개발연구 Vol.17 No.1

The writer has studied the differences between the original plan and real problems occurred in the working process of developing housing lots around Bijun District and Jungui District carried by KLDC according to the housing site development special law. And I has analyzed the reasons, and suggest methods for improvement; First, in the point of creating cities : In calculating planned population, various conditions of the city should be totally reviewed; population utilizing the facilities should be considered in the light of prospect of future development; in location planning of facilities, bus service route, present state of utilizing the neighbored lands and planning should be considered. Second, in the point of utilizing land : To make up the esale right for the buildings which are against land categories; to make different division of lots according to the width of neighbored loads and its distance from central facilities, and it will lead to the change of using land. Third in the point of traffic : To reflect bus service route in establishing street plann and land use plan : to make sure of street network and to control direct connection between main route and readjusted route.