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Parthenogenesis in silkworm, Bombyx mori L.
Debnirmalya Gangopadhyay,Ravindra Singh,B. K. Kariappa,S. B. Dandin 한국잠사학회 2005 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.10 No.1
Parthenogenesis in mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. acquires immense use in the development of outstanding homozygous lines with higher viability, hybrid vigour, combining ability and less phenotypic variability. It can serve as a powerful tool in controlling sex of the offsprings as well as a useful tool in selection. In fact India is the second largest silk producing country in the world next only to China and all the five types of natural silks viz., mulberry, oak tasar,tropical tasar, muga and eri are produced in India.However, little information is available on the role of artificial parthenogenesis in the development of superior silkworm breeds. This paper overviews some important studies carried out on artificial parthenogenesis,and outline of different types of parthenogenesis, methods of induction of artificial parthenogenesis,factors responsible for successful parthenogenetic development, cytogenetics of artificial parthenogenesis and role of artificial parthenogenesis in silkworm breeding. Besides, an attempt is made to describe briefly about parthenogenetic engineering which includes cloning in silkworm, artificial insemination, chimeras, hybridization, chromosomal substitution and recombinant DNA in silkworm.
Gangopadhyay, Debnirmalya,Singh, Ravindra,Premalatha, V.,Rao, D.Raghavendra,Kariappa, B.K. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2003 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.7 No.2
To know the impact of female pupal weight corresponding to the male cocoon shell weight upon fecundity, hatchability and percentage of non-viable eggs, the experimental multivoltine breeds namely BL67 and 96A were categorised into low, medium and high batches according to the weight of female pupae and male cocoon shells and moths emerged from low, medium and high female pupae were allowed to mate withmoths emerged from low, medium and high male cocoon shells. Both the experimental breeds of BL67 and 96A revealed a fairl trend in fecundity for high batch > medium batch > low batch. When data were statistically analysed, a significant (p < 0.05) and a highly significant (p < 0.01) increase in fecundity was observed in the medium and high batches of BL67 during November - December, 2002 whereas highly significant (p < 0.01) increase was observed in the high batches of 96A during November - December, 2002. Data revealed a highly significant (p < 0.01) increase in fecundity in medium and high batches of both the breeds during January - February, 2003. More interestingly, a significant (p < 0.05) reduction was noted in percentage of non-viable eggs in high batches of 96A during January - February, 2003. But no significant variation in hatchability was noticed due to the effect of differential female pupal weight and male cocoon shell weight.
Parthenogenesis in Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.
Gangopadhyay Debnirmalya,Singh Ravindra,Kariappa B. K.,Dandin S. B. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2005 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.10 No.1
Parthenogenesis in mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. acquires immense use in the development of outstanding homozygous lines with higher viability, hybrid vigour, combining ability and less phenotypic variability. It can serve as a powerful tool in controlling sex of the offsprings as well as a useful tool in selection. In fact India is the second largest silk producing country in the world next only to China and all the five types of natural silks viz., mulberry, oak tasar, tropical tasar, muga and eri are produced in India. However, little information is available on the role of artificial parthenogenesis in the development of superior silkworm breeds. This paper overviews some important studies carried out on artificial parthenogenesis, and outline of different types of parthenogenesis, methods of induction of artificial parthenogenesis, factors responsible for successful parthenogenetic development, cytogenetics of artificial parthenogenesis and role of artificial parthenogenesis in silkworm breeding. Besides, an attempt is made to describe briefly about parthenogenetic engineering which includes cloning in silkworm, artificial insemination, chimeras, hybridization, chromosomal substitution and recombinant DNA in silkworm.
Singh, Ravindra,Rao, D.Raghavendra,Gangopadhyay, Debnirmalya,Choudhary, Nazia,Kariappa, B.K.,Dandin, S.B. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2004 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.9 No.1
A breeding programme was initiated by utilizing a robust bivoltine breed CSR$_{18}$ and a polyvoltine breed Cambodge with the main objective of developing robust polyvoltine silkworm breeds/hybrids. At F$_1$ and F$_2$, parthenogenetic development was induced following warm water treatment of eggs at 46$^{\circ}C$ for 18 min followed by two backcrosses with Bl$_{67}$, an evolved polyvoltine breed. The newly developed breed was subjected for hybrid study using eight hybrid combinations in the laboratory at F$_{8}$ generation. F$_1$ hybrids between newly developed breed Bl$_{67}$ (Pg) and promising bivoltine breeds exhibited their superiority by expressing significant hybrid vigour for several economic characters like cocoon yield/10,000 larvae, cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell ratio and denier. Study on cocoon shape variability revealed that cocoons of all the F$_1$ hybrids except BL$_{67}$ (Pg)${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ were found comparatively uniform in shape.pe.
Singh, Ravindra,Rao, D.Raghavendra,Baro, Pranakrishna,Choudhary, Nazia,Gangopadhyay, Debnirmalya,Kariappa, B.K.,Dandin, S.B. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2004 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.9 No.2
With the main objective to know the feasibility of exploitation of F$_1$ hybrids in semi arid and arid climatic conditions of India, the present study was carried out by utilising RD$_1$ as female parent and six bivoltine silkworm breeds viz., CSR$_2$, CSR$_4$, CSR$_{5}$, CSR$_{17}$, CSR$_{18}$ and CSR$_{19}$ along with NB$_4$D$_2$ as male parents. Different hybrids exhibited their superiority for various economic characters during different seasons. Among F$_1$ hybrids, RD$_1$${\times}$CSR$_{5}$ was adjudicated as the best hybrid in terms of expression of significant positive hybrid vigour over mid parental value for five economic characters namely hatching %, cocoon yield, cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight and filament size, highest multiple trait average evaluation index value of 56.77 and comparatively uniform cocoon size with coefficient of variation (CV%) of 3.80 and Standard Deviation (SD) of 7.99 during September - October 2003. Results of the present study revealed that the F$_1$ hybrid RD$_1$${\times}$CSR$_{5}$ can be successfully exploited on commercial in semi arid and arid climatic conditions in India. India.dia.