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Corns with Different Nutritional Profiles on Growing and Finishing Pigs Feeding (30 to 90 kg)
De Oliveira, Gisele Cristina,Moreira, Ivan,De Souza, Ana Lucia Pozzobon,Murakami, Alice Eiko,Parra, Angela Rocio Poveda,De Oliveira Carvalho, Paulo Levi,Borile, Maicon Danner Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.7
Three experiments were carried out to determine the nutritional value and to verify the pig performance in growing and finishing phases (30 to 90 kg) fed on diets containing common corn (CC), high-lysine corn (HLC) and high-oil corn (HOC). In the total digestibility trial (Exp. I) 12 barrows were used. Values of digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) as-fed basis for CC, HLC and HOC, were: 3,396 and 3,275 kcal/kg; 3,248 and 3,139 kcal/kg; 3,445 and 3,308 kcal/kg, respectively. In order to determine the apparent and true ileal digestibility coefficients of amino acids, as well as the values of true digestible amino acids of the CC, HLC and HOC, an ileal digestibility trial was done (Exp. II) with T-cannulated barrows ("T" simple). The treatments consisted of three diets, with one of them as the sole source of protein (CC, HLC and HOC). In the performance experiment (Exp. III), 36 crossbred pigs, allotted in a completely randomized design with three treatments and 12 replications were used. Treatments consisted of three diets: 1 - CC; 2 - HLC and 3 - HOC. It was observed no difference for performance and carcass variables among the corns with different nutritional profiles. Results of the three experiments highlighted the importance of segregating corns in their real chemical and energetic composition as well as the values of true digestible amino acids for formulating diets for growing and finishing pigs.
Antimicrobial peptides of the genus Capsicum: a mini review
Oliveira Arielle Pinheiro Bessiatti Fava,Resende Larissa Maximiano,Rodrigues Rosana,de Oliveira Mello Érica,Taveira Gabriel Bonan,de Oliveira Carvalho André,Gomes Valdirene Moreira 한국원예학회 2022 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.63 No.4
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been characterized in various organs and plant species. However, few studies have investigated AMPs in the genus Capsicum , especially their biological activities and mechanism of action. AMPs are small proteins isolated primarily from plants and animals. AMPs are of great interest to researchers because of their potent antimicrobial activity due to their ability to interact with cell membranes. While some AMPs participate in innate immune response by providing a rapid line of defense against infection, others may bolster plant defense against certain pests and pathogens. The genus Capsicum contains a myriad of AMPs involved in plant defense with the potential for new antimicrobial molecules. In recent years, our group and others have isolated and characterized AMPs from seeds, fruits, leaves and roots of Capsicum plants. Herein, we describe the diff erent AMP families, like defensins, lipid transfer proteins (LTPs), thionins, proteinase inhibitors, and others, present in the genus Capsicum . We also discuss the current knowledge of their antimicrobial activity, mechanism of action, and possible uses as antimicrobial molecules and in plant biotechnology.
Oliveira, Livia Maria Lopes de,Souza, Camila Agra,Cunha, Sinara,Siqueira, Rafael,Vajgel, Bruna de Carvalho Farias,Cimoes, Renata Korean Academy of Periodontology 2021 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.51 No.-
Purpose: This systematic review aimed to compare the efficacy, defined in terms of the mean percentage of root coverage (mRC), of surgical treatment approaches combined with adhesive restorations of non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) to that of root coverage alone in patients with a single gingival recession (GR) and NCCL. Methods: A literature search was conducted to identify longitudinal studies reporting the mRC following treatment for the correction of GR defects associated with NCCLs using a combination of surgical and restorative techniques in systemically and periodontally healthy patients. Results: The search resulted in the retrieval of 12,409 records. Seven publications met the inclusion criteria for the qualitative synthesis of data. The mRCs ranged from 69% to 97%. In the medium term, the gingival margin position was more stable when a connective tissue graft (CTG) was used, independently of whether restoration of teeth with NCCLs was performed. Conclusions: The strength of the evidence was limited by methodological heterogeneity in terms of study design as well as the unit and period of analysis, which precluded a metaanalysis. Although no definitive conclusion could be drawn due to the lack of sufficient evidence to estimate the effectiveness of the interventions, CTG-based procedures contributed to gingival margin stability regardless of the performance of restoration to treat NCCLs.
Long-term Bias of Internal Markers in Sheep and Goat Digestion Trials
De Carvalho, Gleidson Giordano Pinto,Garcia, Rasmo,Vieira Pires, Aureliano Jose,Silva, Roberio Rodrigues,Detmann, Edenio,Oliveira, Ronaldo Lopes,Ribeiro, Leandro Sampaio Oliveira Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.1
Two digestion trials, one with sheep and another with goats, were conducted to evaluate the long-term bias (LTB) of the indigestible dry matter (iDM), indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF) and indigestible acid detergent fiber (iADF) internal markers. The study used eight Santa In$\hat{e}$s castrated male sheep (average body weight of 16.6 kg) distributed in two $4{\times}4$ Latin squares and eight Saanen castrated male goats (average body weight of 22.6 kg) distributed in two $4{\times}4$ Latin squares. The experiments were conducted simultaneously, and the animals were housed in 1.2 $m^2$ individual pens with wood-battened floors equipped with individual feeders and drinkers. The animals received isonitrogenous diets that were offered ad libitum and contained 14% crude protein and 70% sugar cane (with 0, 0.75, 1.5 or 2.25% CaO, in natural matter percentage), corrected with 1% urea and 30% concentrate. The experiment consisted of four experimental periods of 14 d each, with the feed, leftovers and feces sampled on the last four days of each period. The marker concentrations in the feed, leftovers and fecal samples were estimated by an in situ ruminal incubation procedure with a duration 240 h. The relationship between the intake and excretion of the markers was obtained by adjusting a simple linear regression model, independently from the treatment (diets) fixed effects and Latin squares. For both the sheep and goats, a complete recovery of the iDM and iNDF markers was observed (p>0.05), indicating the absence of LTB for these markers. However, the iADF was not completely recovered, exhibiting an LTB of -9.12% (p<0.05) in the sheep evaluation and -3.02% (p<0.05) in the goat evaluation.
Resin infiltrant protects deproteinized dentin against erosive and abrasive wear
de Albuquerque Ana Theresa Queiroz,Bezerra Bruna Oliveira,Leal Isabelly de Carvalho,de Moraes Maria Denise Rodrigues,Melo Mary Anne S.,Passos Vanara Florêncio 대한치과보존학회 2022 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.47 No.3
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the anti-erosive/abrasive effect of resin infiltration of previous deproteinized dentin. Materials and Methods Dentin slabs were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n = 15): Control (no deproteinization; no resin infiltrant applied), RI (no deproteinization; resin infiltrant applied), and DRI (deproteinization; resin infiltrant applied). After undergoing the assigned treatment, all slabs were subjected to an in vitro cycling model for 5 days. The specimens were immersed in citric acid (0.05 M, pH = 3.75; 60 seconds; 3 times/day) and brushed (150 strokes). Between the challenges, the specimens were exposed to a remineralizing solution (60 minutes). The morphological alterations were analyzed by mechanical profilometry (µm) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were submitted to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests (p < 0.05). Results Control and RI groups presented mineral wear and did not significantly differ from each other (p = 0.063). DRI maintained a protective layer preserving the dentin (p < 0.001). After erosive/abrasive cycles, it was observed that in group RI, only 25% of the slabs partially evidenced the presence of the infiltrating, while, in the DRI group, 80% of the slabs presented the treated surface entirely covered by a resin-component layer protecting the dentin surface as observed in SEM images. Conclusions The removal of the organic content allows the resin infiltrant to efficiently protect the dentin surface against erosive/abrasive lesions.
Sergio Carvalho de Santana,Everaldo Silvino dos Santos,Raimundo Cosme da Silva Filho,Jorge dos Santos Cavalcanti,Jackson Araujo de Oliveira,Gorete Ribeiro de Macedo,Francine Ferreira Padilha 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.4
A mathematical model was developed to predict breakthrough curves during purification of the two chitosanasesfrom Metarhizium anisopliae by expanded bed adsorption, taking into account the axial dispersion of liquid andusing Streamline DEAE and SP XL adsorbents, anion and cation exchange resins, respectively. All the experimentswere performed without clarification (with cells) aiming at the reduction of unit operations in future projects of separationprocesses, thereby reducing capital and operating costs. Chitosanases are enzymes that hydrolyze the carbohydratechitosan, resulting in oligosaccharides that have many remarkable biological activities, such as anti-cancer, anti-HIVand antioxidant activities. The two adsorbents had similar performance in relation to hydrodynamics and mass transfer. The results of the parametric sensitivity analysis agree with the literature, and the model was validated with an averagehigh degree of fit (94.68%) between simulated and experimental data obtained in this work.
Nelson Carvalho Delfino,Lucas Fialho de Aragao Bulcao,Henry Daniel Ruiz Alba,Mauricio Xavier da Silva Oliveira,Filipe Pinheiro Soares de Queiroz,Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho,Francisco Palma Ren 아세아·태평양축산학회 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.11
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of body condition score (BCS) at calving on the metabolic status of female Murrah buffaloes in the transition period. Methods: Thirty-seven pregnant buffaloes (multiparous) were selected and monitored during the transition period based on their body condition score and on the estimated calving date. Two groups were formed: i) buffaloes with a BCS>3.5 (n = 17); this group was classified and named ‘high BCS at calving’ (HBCS); and ii) buffaloes with a BCS≤3.5 (n = 20); this group was classified and named ‘low BCS at calving’ (LBCS). All animals were monitored during the last 30 days of pregnancy and the first 70 days post-calving and kept in the same environment and under the same feeding and management conditions. Mean values for BCS at calving were 2.98±0.9 (mean±standard error of the mean [SEM]) and 4.21±0.9 (mean±SEM) for the HBCS and LBCS groups, respectively. Results: The HBCS group showed higher milk fat content (p = 0.007) and milk fat yield (p = 0.027) and a higher concentration of milk urea nitrogen (p = 0.001) than LBCS buffaloes, which in turn had a lower urine pH value (p = 0.033) than HBCS buffaloes in the pre-calving period (7.86 for HBCS vs 7.76 for LBCS). The HBCS animals had a higher concentration of erythrocytes (p = 0.001) and hematocrit (p = 0.012) post-calving and a higher hemoglobin concentration (p = 0.004) pre-calving. Conclusion: Buffaloes during the transition period exhibited some variations in the oxidative stress related to their metabolic status. After calving, buffaloes with a high BCS at calving and greater lipid mobilization have a more marked alteration in oxidative status, but improved production performance.
Cannabaceae comparative analysis based on plastid genome evolution
Barbosa D’Oliveira Matielo Cristiane,Fernando Metz Geferson,Plá Matielo Lemos Rafael,de Carvalho Victoria Filipe,de Oliveira Camargo Flávio Anastácio,Marcos Stefenon Valdir 한국작물학회 2024 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.27 No.1
Marijuana or hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) of the Cannabaceae family represents one of the most economically important crops within the group that comprises about 170 plant species, some of which are widely used in industry. It is the most consumed, cultivated, and trafficked illicit drug globally, having several hybrids and varieties resulting from crosses, making the distinctions between Cannabis species almost meaningless. In a former study, our research group sequenced and released two cpDNA from Cannabis apprehended by Brazilian Federal Police which we compare with all deposited Cannabaceae complete cpDNA in this work. In countries where planting, marketing, or consumption is prohibited, it is difficult for control and inspection bodies to identify the origin of different strains. Based on this problem, we aim to perform a comparative genomic analysis of the plastid DNA of the Cannabaceae family. We have found evidence that the ndhA intron seems to be an informative region for phylogenetic and evolutive studies in Cannabaceae family. With the results of the present work, we were able to establish the phylogenetic relationships for the Cannabaceae family using the plastid genomes of 35 accessions, between species, subspecies, varieties, and hybrids.
Marta Maria Oliveira dos Santos,Luiz Henrique Sales de Menezes,Eliézer Luz do Espirito Santo,Marise Silva de Carvalho,Márcia Soares Gonçalves,Iasnaia Maria de Carvalho Tavares,Adriano Aguiar Mendes,Hé 한국식품과학회 2023 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.32 No.5
This study aims at the synthesis of hexyl butyrate by Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) immobilized on Diaion HP 20. The lipase load used was 28.7 ± 2.1 mg/g (mg of lipase/g of support), whose hydrolytic activity was 132.0 ± 2.5 U/g. To obtain the maximum production of hexyl butyrate, the Box-Behnken design statistical planning was used, having as independent variables; biocatalyst concentration, temperature and acid:alcohol molar ratio and ester conversion as a dependent variable at 60, 180 and 480 min. For 60 min, 90.8% conversion was obtained at 47.25 ºC, 1:1.4 molar ratio and 17.65% of biocatalyst; 180 min, 94.5% conversion at 59.5 ºC, 1:2 molar ratio and 15.8% biocatalyst; 480 min, 95.01% conversion at 47.0 ºC, 1:2 molar ratio and 16.9% biocatalyst. CRL-Diaion HP 20 retained 60% of its initial activity after ten cycles of reactions showing potential for industrial use. The ester produced was identified by gas chromatography analyses.
Parental Selection Strategies in Plant Breeding Programs
Antonio Costa de Oliveira,Ivandro Bertan,Fernando I. F. de Carvalho 한국작물학회 2007 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.10 No.4
Selection of the appropriate parents to be used in artificial crosses is one of the main decisions faced by plant breeders that will facilitate the exploitation of maximum genetic variability and production of superior recombinant genotypes. Several techniques have been used in aiding the identification of genotypes with promising and desirable agronomical traits for hybridization. In this way, the objective of the present review is to gather available information for the selection of parents based on different breeding designs and analytical tools showing their similarities and highlighting the main advantages and disadvantages of their use. Selection of the appropriate parents to be used in artificial crosses is one of the main decisions faced by plant breeders that will facilitate the exploitation of maximum genetic variability and production of superior recombinant genotypes. Several techniques have been used in aiding the identification of genotypes with promising and desirable agronomical traits for hybridization. In this way, the objective of the present review is to gather available information for the selection of parents based on different breeding designs and analytical tools showing their similarities and highlighting the main advantages and disadvantages of their use.