PUBLIC ECONOMICS AND PROBLEM STRUCTURING IN INTERNATIONAL POLICY ANALYSIS

David S. Kelleher 호서대학교 사회과학연구소 1999 社會科學硏究 Vol.18 No.1

With a focus on international policy to protect the ozone layer, the article examines the applicability of public economics theory in analyzing international environmental policy. It is argued that effective application of public economics theory depends on recognizing how nations structure the policy problem, which in turn affects how national interests are conceived and advanced through international policy processes. A given international environmental problem may be structured or framed in several ways; for example, as a common property issue or as a public good provision problem. Given the differing behavioral dynamics that can be expected under these alternative issue conceptions, understanding the way in which stakeholders themselves viewed the problem is a prerequisite for selecting the appropriate theoretical framework. In an analysis of international cooperation to protect the ozone layer, we focus on the dynamics of problem structuring, attendant conceptions of national interest, and the appropriate application of public economics theory.

Post-Unification Privatization of North Korean Enterprises: Lessons from Transition Economies

David S. Kelleher,Hak Min Kim 한국학술연구원 2005 Korea Observer Vol.36 No.1

HUMANITARIAN AID TO NORTH KOREA AND THE CHALLENGE OF REFORM

Kelleher, David S 호서대학교 사회과학연구소 2003 社會科學硏究 Vol.22 No.-

In the mid 1990s, aslowly developing, yet profoundly deep-seated crisis struck North Korea, leading to steady deterioration of the economy and continued widespread suffering. The roots of the crisis can be found in systemic problems associated with a centrally planned economy coupled with a decades-long philosophy of isolation from the outside world. Ironically, pre-crisis, North Korea's stubborn independence from the outside world to ensure its survival has made it, post-crisis, increasingly more dependent on the outside world to ensure its survival. This has presented the North Korean regime with the difficult choice of whether to engage in systemic reforms that are being urged by both long-standing patrons such as China as well as newer patrons such as South Korea and the wider international community. We examine the roots of its ongoing crisis, and how the North Korean government has chosen to respond. Particular attention is given to how the international community has also chosen to respond, and how theactivities of the international community may affect limited reform efforts in North Korea.

Environmental Policy Performance and Political Development: Do Democracies Outperform Authoritarian Regimes?

David S. Kelleher,김금수 이화여자대학교 국제지역연구소 2014 Asian International Studies Review Vol.15 No.1

The pursuit of sustainable development initially centered onunderstanding how economic development and environmentalquality are related. More recently, many have focusedon how political development and environmental qualityare related. Researchers have examined a variety ofenvironmental problems using a variety of political measures. While there is support for the idea that democracies outperformmore authoritarian regimes on various environmentalissues, the results are somewhat mixed and ambiguous,not least because the individual studies lack comparabilityand generalizability. To take stock and address this problemwe use a comprehensive dataset of environmental performanceoutcomes and political variables to systematicallyaddress whether democracies do indeed outperform authoritarianregimes across a range of environmental issues. Ourresults suggest that for environmental issues that are tied tohuman health, two governance indicators, “voice and accountability”and “control of corruption,” explain internationalvariation in environmental health indicators independentlyof per capita income, which is also statistically significant. Turning to measures of ecosystem vitality, unlikeenvironmental health indicators, ecosystem measures bearmore disparate relations to economic and political measures. Thus, while support for “democratic environmentalism”may only be partial, support for “authoritarian environmentalism”is non-existent.

Can we find Issue Voters in American National Elections?

David S. Kelleher 호서대학교 사회과학연구소 2007 社會科學硏究 Vol.26 No.1

HUMANITARIAN AID TO NORTH KOREA AND THE CHALLENGE OF REFORM

David S, Kelleher 호서대학교 사회과학연구소 2003 社會科學硏究 Vol.22 No.1

In the mid 1990s, aslowly developing, yet profoundly deep-seated crisis struck North Korea, leading to steady deterioration of the economy and continued widespread suffering. The roots of the crisis can be found in systemic problems associated with a centrally planned economy coupled with a decades-long philosophy of isolation from the outside world. Ironically, pre-crisis, North Korea s stubborn independence from the outside world to ensure its survival has made it, post-crisis, increasingly more dependent on the outside world to ensure its survival. This has presented the North Korean regime with the difficult choice of whether to engage in systemic reforms that are being urged by both long-standing patrons such as China as well as newer patrons such as South Korea and the wider international community. We examine the roots of its ongoing crisis, and how the North Korean government has chosen to respond. Particular attention is given to how the international community has also chosen to respond, and how theactivities of the international community may affect limited reform efforts in North Korea.

Regional Industrial Structure and Regional Cyclical Instability

金千權(Kim Cheon-Kwuan),David S. Kelleher 대한국토·도시계획학회 2000 國土計劃 Vol.35 No.6

Water Quality and Environmental Treatment Facilities

Kim, Geum Soo,Chang, Young Jae,Kelleher, David S. Korean Resource Economics Association 2012 자원·환경경제연구 Vol.21 No.1

본 논문은 환경기초시설에 대한 투자가 수질을 직접 개선하는 효과와 더불어 결과적으로 수질을 악화시킬 수도 있는 가능성을 제기하였다. 환경기초시설에 대한 투자가 수질에 부정적인 효과를 낳는 이유는 그것이 예산제약하에 있는 규제당국의 선택에 영향을 미치고 결과적으로 피규제 기업의 오염배출량을 증가시켜 수질을 악화시킬 수 있기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 한국의 경험을 살펴보고 특별히 1991년 이후 환경기초시설의 투자가 과연 4대강의 수질을 개선했는가를 점검하고자 하였다. 우리는 2단계 최소자승법을 사용하여 기초시설의 건설이 단속활동의 감소를 통해 부정적인 효과를 가졌지만 종합적으로 수질개선에 기여했음을 실증적으로 보였다. 본 논문이 갖는 중요한 정책함의는 환경기초시설의 건설이 수질개선에 기여하기 위해서는 그것과 더불어 환경기준을 설정하고 이를 강제하는 단속활동이 적절히 배합되어야 한다는 것이다. It has been argued that investment in basic treatment facilities could have both a direct improvement effect and an indirect diversion effect on water quality. The reason why the investment in basic treatment facilities could have a negative diversion effect is that the investment in treatment facilities could affect a budget-constrained regulatory agency's choice in a way that would perversely encourage the regulated firms' emissions, giving a negative result in terms of water quality. We have reviewed the Korean experience and tested if the treatment facilities have improved water quality since 1991. Using a two-stage least-squares method we have shown that building treatment facilities has contributed to improving the water quality even with consideration of the negative effect through reduced enforcement effort. The model and results draw attention to the importance of optimally balancing efforts to build wastewater treatment facilities with efforts to set and enforce regulatory standards.

수질과 환경기초시설

( Geum Soo Kim ),( Young Jaae Chang ),( David S. Kelleher ) 한국환경경제학회, 한국자원경제학회 ( 구 한국환경경제학회 ) 2012 자원·환경경제연구 Vol.21 No.1

본 논문은 환경기초시설에 대한 투자가 수질을 직접 개선하는 효과와 더불어 결과적으로 수질을 악화시킬 수도 있는 가능성을 제기하였다. 환경기초시설에 대한 투자가 수질에 부정적인 효과를 낳는 이유는 그것이 예산제약하에 있는 규제당국의 선택에 영향을 미치고 결과적으로 피규제 기업의 오염배출량을 증가시켜 수질을 악화시킬 수 있기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 한국의 경험을 살펴보고 특별히 1991년 이후 환경기초시설의 투자가 과연 4대강의 수질을 개선했는가를 점검하고자 하였다. 우리는 2단계 최소자승법을 사용하여 기초시설의 건설이 단속활동의 감소를 통해 부정적인 효과를 가졌지만 종합적으로 수질개선에 기여했음을 실증적으로 보였다. 본 논문이 갖는 중요한 정책함의는 환경기초시설의 건설이 수질개선에 기여하기 위해서는 그것과 더불어 환경기준을 설정하고 이를 강제하는 단속활동이 적절히 배합되어야 한다는 것이다. It has been argued that investment in basic treatment facilities could have both a direct improvement effect and an indirect diversion effect on water quality. The reason why the investment in basic treatment facilities could have a negative diversion effect is that the investment in treatment facilities could affect a budget-constrained regulatory agency`s choice in a way that would perversely encourage the regulated firms` emissions, giving a negative result in terms of water quality. We have reviewed the Korean experience and tested if the treatment facilities have improved water quality since 1991. Using a two-stage least-squares method we have shown that building treatment facilities has contributed to improving the water quality even with consideration of the negative effect through reduced enforcement effort. The model and results draw attention to the importance of optimally balancing efforts to build wastewater treatment facilities with efforts to set and enforce regulatory standards.