Proteomic Changes in Chick Brain Proteome Post Treatment with Lathyrus Sativus Neurotoxin, β-N-Oxalyl-L-α,β-Diaminopropionic Acid (L-ODAP): A Better Insight to Transient Neurolathyrism

Anil Kumar, D,Natarajan, Sumathi,Omar, Nabil A M Bin,Singh, Preeti,Bhimani, Rohan,Singh, Surya Satyanarayana Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2018 Toxicological Research Vol.34 No.3

Neurolathyrism is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by spastic paraplegia resulting from the excessive consumption of Lathyrus sativus (Grass pea). ${\beta}$-N-Oxalyl-L-${\alpha},{\beta}$-diaminopropionic acid (L-ODAP) is the primary neurotoxic component in this pea. The present study attempted to evaluate the proteome-wide alterations in chick brain 2 hr and 4 hr post L-ODAP treatment. Proteomic analysis of chick brain homogenates revealed several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure, signaling, cellular metabolism, free radical scavenging, oxidative stress and neurodegenerative disorders were initially up-regulated at 2 hr and later recovered to normal levels by 4 hr. Since L-ODAP mediated neurotoxicity is mainly by excitotoxicity and oxidative stress related dysfunctions, this study further evaluated the role of L-ODAP in apoptosis in vitro using human neuroblastoma cell line, IMR-32. The in vitro studies carried out at $200{\mu}M$ L-ODAP for 4 hr indicate minimal intracellular ROS generation and alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential though not leading to apoptotic cell death. L-ODAP at low concentrations can be explored as a stimulator of various reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated cell signaling pathways not detrimental to cells. Insights from our study may provide a platform to explore the beneficial side of L-ODAP at lower concentrations. This study is of significance especially in view of the Government of India lifting the ban on cultivation of low toxin Lathyrus varieties and consumption of this lentil.

Proteomic Changes in Chick Brain Proteome Post Treatment with Lathyrus Sativus Neurotoxin, β-N-Oxalyl-L-α,β-Diaminopropionic Acid (L-ODAP)

Anil Kumar D,Sumathi Natarajan,Nabil A M Bin Omar,Preeti Singh,Rohan Bhimani,Surya Satyanarayana Singh 한국독성학회 2018 Toxicological Research Vol.34 No.3

Neurolathyrism is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by spastic paraplegia resulting from the excessive consumption of Lathyrus sativus (Grass pea). β-N-Oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (L-ODAP) is the primary neurotoxic component in this pea. The present study attempted to evaluate the proteome-wide alterations in chick brain 2 hr and 4 hr post L-ODAP treatment. Proteomic analysis of chick brain homogenates revealed several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure, signaling, cellular metabolism, free radical scavenging, oxidative stress and neurodegenerative disorders were initially up-regulated at 2 hr and later recovered to normal levels by 4 hr. Since L-ODAP mediated neurotoxicity is mainly by excitotoxicity and oxidative stress related dysfunctions, this study further evaluated the role of L-ODAP in apoptosis in vitro using human neuroblastoma cell line, IMR-32. The in vitro studies carried out at 200 μM L-ODAP for 4 hr indicate minimal intracellular ROS generation and alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential though not leading to apoptotic cell death. L-ODAP at low concentrations can be explored as a stimulator of various reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated cell signaling pathways not detrimental to cells. Insights from our study may provide a platform to explore the beneficial side of LODAP at lower concentrations. This study is of significance especially in view of the Government of India lifting the ban on cultivation of low toxin Lathyrus varieties and consumption of this lentil.

Effect of Aging and Oxidation on Strain Hardening Behaviour of a Nickel-free High Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steel

B. Karthik,R. Veerababu,D. V. V. Satyanarayana 대한금속·재료학회 2016 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.22 No.3

Effect of aging and oxidation on strain hardening behaviour of a nickel-free high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel has been investigated using room temperature tensile tests and TEM. The alloy in both oxidised and unoxidised conditions exhibits a transition in flow behaviour that can be described best by the Ludwigson flow relationship as evident from the lowest values of the sum of residual squares, χ 2 , of the fit. The transition in macroscopic flow behaviour with strain has been correlated to change in deformation mechanism from planar slip in the low strain regime (LSR) to deformation twinning and slip in the high strain regime (HSR) in solution treated (ST) condition of the alloy. However, the LSR of the alloy aged for longer times (>100 h) is characterized by the formation of dislocation tangles, while the HSR is marked by the formation of well-defined finer dislocation cell structure. This difference in deformation sub-structures in low and high strain regimes between ST and long term aged samples has been correlated to the change in stacking fault energy due to the precipitation of Cr2N and σ-phases. Further, the alloy in ST condition exhibits the highest strain hardening rate, which then progressively decreases with aging time.

Prediction of Heatwave 2013 over Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, India using WRF Model

N. Naveena,G. Ch. Satyanarayana,A. Dharma Raju,N. Umakanth,D. Srinivas,K. Sivasankar Rao,M. Suman 한국대기환경학회 2021 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.15 No.3

Heatwaves are acknowledged to be the major meteorological disaster, causing a noticeable impact on humans and animals’ lives during the last few decades. The number, frequency, duration, intensity, and areal extent of the heatwaves are on the rise during recent years. The Maximum temperature data of 2013 is analyzed to assess the synoptic nature, intensity, frequency, and various significant facets of the heatwave over the south peninsular states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Indian subcontinent experienced a major heatwave during 2013, which claimed 1216 human lives. Even though the highest intensity of maximum temperatures is observed in May over major areas of India, the increasing (incidence, duration, number of spells, and the sweltering temperatures) number of heatwaves are observed over many parts of the country. The northwest and southeast coastal regions are the two heat wave prone regions. The advection of heat from the northwest with the aid of north-westerly winds causes heatwaves over northwest India to sweep or move towards India’s southeast and east coast. The heatwave record over south-eastern India, i.e, Andhra Pradesh and the adjoining Telangana state during May 22-24, 2013 were described in this study. Maximum temperatures above 40°C are observed with a sudden rise by 6 to 7°C over the study region. An attempt is made to predict the maximum temperatures 72 hours before the existence of a heatwave at 3 km horizontal resolution using the Advanced core of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Model predicted temperature values match with observations and the statistical metrics show a high index of the agreement, lower values for root-mean-square error and mean absolute error. Atmospheric circulation patterns associated with this heatwave are also presented. The arrest of sea breeze, the hovering of diabatic heat because of subsidence is the factor that abetted the heatwave blockade over the south-eastern part of the country. The WRF model forecasts could present the occurance of the heat wave over AP and Telangana region with 72 hour lead time with high accuracy.

Phytochemical Studies of Phyllanthus debilis

K.S.Chandrashekar,D.Satyanarayana,A.B.Joshi,E.V.S.Subrahmanyam 한국생약학회 2004 Natural Product Sciences Vol.10 No.3

Two Lignans Phyllanthin and Hypophyllanthin, and a steroid b-sitosterol has been isolated from the leaves of Phyllanthus debilis and their structures were established by spectral analysis and direct comparison with authentic samples. This is the first report of occurrence of these compound from P.debilis.

Isolation and Characterization of Indole Alkaloids from the Flowers of Ervatamia Coronaria (Syn: Taberaemontana divaricata)

A.B.Joshi,D.Satyanarayana,K.S.Chandrashekar,E.V.S.Subrahmanyam 한국생약학회 2004 Natural Product Sciences Vol.10 No.3

From the flowers of Ervatamia coronaria four indole alkaloids have been isolated and characterized as harmine, heyneanine, voacristine and apparicine with the help of various spectral data. The alkaloids Harmine and Heyneanine are reported first time from the flowers of Ervatamia coronaria.