http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Treatment of locking behaviour for displacement-based finite element analysis of composite beams
Erkmen, R. Emre,Bradford, Mark A.,Crews, Keith Techno-Press 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.51 No.1
In the displacement based finite element analysis of composite beams that consist of two Euler-Bernoulli beams juxtaposed with a deformable shear connection, the coupling of the displacement fields may cause oscillations in the interlayer slip field and reduction in optimal convergence rate, known as slip-locking. In this study, the B-bar procedure is proposed to alleviate the locking effects. It is also shown that by changing the primary dependent variables in the mathematical model, to be able to interpolate the interlayer slip field directly, oscillations in the slip field can be completely eliminated. Examples are presented to illustrate the performance and the numerical characteristics of the proposed methods.
Treatment of locking behaviour for displacement-based finite element analysis of composite beams
R. Emre Erkmen,Mark A. Bradford,Keith Crews 국제구조공학회 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.51 No.1
In the displacement based finite element analysis of composite beams that consist of two Euler-Bernoulli beams juxtaposed with a deformable shear connection, the coupling of the displacement fieldsmay cause oscillations in the interlayer slip field and reduction in optimal convergence rate, known as sliplocking. In this study, the B-bar procedure is proposed to alleviate the locking effects. It is also shown that by changing the primary dependent variables in the mathematical model, to be able to interpolate the interlayer slip field directly, oscillations in the slip field can be completely eliminated. Examples are presented to illustrate the performance and the numerical characteristics of the proposed methods.
Desplats, Paula,Lee, He-Jin,Bae, Eun-Jin,Patrick, Christina,Rockenstein, Edward,Crews, Leslie,Spencer, Brian,Masliah, Eliezer,Lee, Seung-Jae National Academy of Sciences 2009 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.106 No.31
<P>Neuronal accumulation of alpha-synuclein and Lewy body formation are characteristic to many neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). This Lewy pathology appears to spread throughout the brain as the disease progresses. Furthermore, recent studies showed the occurrence of Lewy pathology in neurons grafted into the brains of PD patients, suggesting the spread of pathology from the host tissues to the grafts. The mechanism underlying this propagation is unknown. Here, we show that alpha-synuclein is transmitted via endocytosis to neighboring neurons and neuronal precursor cells, forming Lewy-like inclusions. Moreover, alpha-synuclein was transmitted from the affected neurons to engrafted neuronal precursor cells in a transgenic model of PD-like pathology. Failure of the protein quality control systems, especially lysosomes, promoted the accumulation of transmitted alpha-synuclein and inclusion formation. Cells exposed to neuron-derived alpha-synuclein showed signs of apoptosis, such as nuclear fragmentation and caspase 3 activation, both in vitro and in vivo. These findings demonstrate the cell-to-cell transmission of alpha-synuclein aggregates and provide critical insights into the mechanism of pathological progression in PD and other proteinopathies.</P>
Identification and Characterization of a Peptidic Ligand for Ras
Gareiss, Peter C.,Schneekloth, Ashley R.,Salcius, Michael J.,Seo, Seung-Yong,Crews, Craig M. WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 Chembiochem Vol.11 No.4
<P>The development of new ligands for the oncoprotein Ras can provide tools for the study of this important signaling component or potentially serve as therapeutic agents for the treatment of Ras-associated diseases. Herein, we report a peptidic Ras ligand identified through naïve phage display. Panning a phage library with a diversity of 10<SUP>9</SUP> transormants successfully identified a peptide dodecamer that contains two internal consensus motifs and binds Ras in both the active GTP- and inactive GDP-bound conformations with low micromolar dissociation constants. The dodecamer does not alter the intrinsic GTPase activity of Ras, does not compete for Ras binding to the Ras binding domain of Raf, and does not alter cell viability. This novel Ras ligand has the potential to serve in the development of higher-affinity ligands and chemical tools targeting Ras.</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Grasping Ras: Phage display was used to identify a peptide dodecamer that contains two consensus motifs and that binds Ras with low micromolar affinity (highlighted red in figure). The peptide was found not to affect the biochemical activity of Ras, and could therefore be useful in the development of chemical tools targeting Ras. <img src='wiley_img_2010/14394227-2010-11-4-CBIC200900547-content.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/14394227-2010-11-4-CBIC200900547-content'> </P>
Heather Greenlee,Katherine D. Crew,Jillian Capodice,Danielle Awad,Anne Jeffres,Joseph M. Unger,Danika L. Lew,Lisa K. Hansen,Frank L. Meyskens Jr,James L. Wade III,Dawn L. Hershman 사단법인약침학회 2015 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.8 No.3
Robust methods are needed to efficiently conduct large, multisite, randomized, controlled clinical trials of acupuncture protocols. The Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) S1200 trial is a randomized, controlled (i.e., sham-controlled and waitlist-controlled) trial of a standardized acupuncture protocol for treating aromatase inhibitor (AI)-associated arthralgias in early-stage breast cancer patients (n = 228). The primary objective of this study was to determine whether true acupuncture administered twice weekly for 6 weeks, as compared to sham acupuncture or a waitlist control, reduced AI-associated joint pain at 6 weeks as assessed by patient reports. The study was conducted at 11 institutions across the United States. The true acupuncture protocol was developed using a consensus-based process. The true acupuncture and the sham acupuncture protocols each consisted of 12 sessions administered for 6 weeks, followed by one weekly session for 6 weeks. The true acupuncture protocol used standardized protocol points, and the standardized acupoints were tailored to a patient's joint symptoms. The similarly standardized sham acupuncture protocol utilized superficial needling of nonacupoints. Standardized methods were developed to train and monitor acupuncturists and included online and in-person training, study manuals, monthly phone calls, and remote quality assurance monitoring throughout the study period. The research staff similarly received online and in-person training and monthly phone calls.
Willful Blindness About Indigenous Peoples: The Democratic Deficit and Canadian Public Policy Making
C. J. Alexander(C. J. Alexander ),Mallory Crew(Mallory Crew ) 한국캐나다학회 2011 Asia-Pacific Journal of Canadian Studies (APJCS) Vol.17 No.1
Public policy officials, elected and appointed, continue to ignore the value dimensions of public policy making in ways that profoundly impact the individual and collective lives of Indigenous peoples in Canada. The au-thors examine two policy fields—health and communications—to highlight the peril of ignoring Indigenous cultural contexts. They conclude that the overarching policy of wilful blindness to Indigenous values, ways of being, and knowledge systems represents a continuation of the colonial mindset that has persisted since settlers arrived.