Bilateral Nuclear Inspections for the Korean Peninsula: Can the Latin Ameican Experience Help Reduce Tensions between North and South?

( Tom Zamora Collina ),( Fernando De Souza Barros ) 한국국방연구원 1996 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.8 No.1

For years, Argentina and Brazil refused to open their sensitive nuclear facilities to international inspections, leading to concerns about their nuclear ambitions. But in 1990 these former rivals agreed to a regime of bilateral inspections of their nuclear programs, with parallel inspections by the International Atomic Energy Agency. Their nuclear facilities are now open to bilateral and international inspections, greatly reducing regional tensions and international concerns. This article looks at how this bilateral/international system developed, how it works, and the prospects for applying it to the Korean peninsula. The authors suggest that the experiences of Argentina and Brazil are relevant to current efforts to defuse ROK-DPRK nuclear tensions and to build confidence and increase transparency between the two nations.

Pantograph-catenary Dynamic Interaction for a Overhead Line Supported by Noise Barrier

Belloli, Marco,Collina, Andrea,Pizzigoni, Bruno The Korean Society for Railway 2012 International Journal of Railway Vol.5 No.2

Subject of the paper is a particular configuration of overhead line, in which noise barrier structure is used as supports of the catenary instead of standard poles. This configuration is foreseen in case the noise barrier position is in conflict with the poles location. If the catenary is supported by the noise barrier, the motion that the latter undergo due to wave pressure associated to train transit is transmitted to the overhead line, so that potentially it influences the interaction between the catenary itself and the pantograph of the passing train. The paper focuses on the influence of such peculiar configuration on the quality of the current collection of high speed pantograph, for single and double current collection. The study has been carried out first with an experimental investigation on the pressure distribution on noise barrier, both in wind tunnel and with in-field tests. Subsequently a numerical analysis of the dynamics of the barrier subjected to the wave pressure due to train transit has been carried out, and the output of such analysis has been used as input data for the simulation of the pantograph-dynamic interaction at different speeds and with front or rear pantograph in operation. Consideration of structural modifications was then highlighted, in order to reduce the influence on the contact loss percentage.

Pantograph-catenary Dynamic Interaction for a Overhead Line Supported by Noise Barrier

Marco Belloli,Andrea Collina,Bruno Pizzigoni 한국철도학회 2012 International Journal of Railway Vol.5 No.2

Subject of the paper is a particular configuration of overhead line, in which noise barrier structure is used as supports of the catenary instead of standard poles. This configuration is foreseen in case the noise barrier position is in conflict with the poles location. If the catenary is supported by the noise barrier, the motion that the latter undergo due to wave pressure associated to train transit is transmitted to the overhead line, so that potentially it influences the interaction between the catenary itself and the pantograph of the passing train. The paper focuses on the influence of such peculiar configuration on the quality of the current collection of high speed pantograph, for single and double current collection. The study has been carried out first with an experimental investigation on the pressure distribution on noise barrier, both in wind tunnel and with in-field tests. Subsequently a numerical analysis of the dynamics of the barrier subjected to the wave pressure due to train transit has been carried out, and the output of such analysis has been used as input data for the simulation of the pantograph-dynamic interaction at different speeds and with front or rear pantograph in operation. Consideration of structural modifications was then highlighted, in order to reduce the influence on the contact loss percentage.

Aberrant Expression of Cancer Stem Cells Marker Prominin-1 in Low-Grade Tubulobular Breast Carcinoma: A Correlative Study between qRT-PCR, Flow-Cytometric and Immunohistochemistry Analysis

Maurizio Di Bonito,Francesca Collina,Monica Cantile,Rosalba Camerlingo,Margherita Cerrone,Laura Marra,Giuseppina Liguori,Giuseppe Pirozzi,Gerardo Botti 한국유방암학회 2012 Journal of breast cancer Vol.15 No.1

Purpose: Prominin1/CD133 has become the ideal marker for cancer stem cells (CSCs) detection in human tumors. In this study we examined the expression of this marker in several breast cancer specimens to associate CSCs percentage with risk factor for this neoplasia. Methods: We examined specimens from 12 patients using CD133 and CD44 antibodies for CSCs immunohistochemistry detection and for flow cytometry analysis. For each patient, we also performed the immunohistochemical staining to evaluate the expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, c-erbB-2, Ki67, and E-cadherin markers. A Taqman probe for CD133 was used for mRNA quantification by realtime polymerase chain reaction. Results: Prominin-1 expression was heterogeneous in different carcinomas but was strikingly hyperexpressed in a tubulolobular variant of breast cancer. The results were confirmed by all three methods. Conclusion: Our data, although produced on a limited number of samples, showed an particularly high expression of stem cell marker CD133 in a breast cancer variant, generally with a good prognosis. Since CSCs detection by CD133 has been described as an important prognostic factor for several human cancers, we suggest the importance of detecting stem cell compartiments in all histotypes of breast carcinomas.

Aberrant Expression of Cancer Stem Cells Marker Prominin-1 in Low-Grade Tubulobular Breast Carcinoma: A Correlative Study between qRT-PCR, Flow-Cytometric and Immunohistochemistry Analysis

Maurizio Di Bonito,Francesca Collina,Rosalba Camerlingo,Margherita Cerrone,Laura Marra,Giuseppina Liguori,Giuseppe Pirozzi,Gerardo Botti,Monica Cantile 한국유방암학회 2013 Journal of breast cancer Vol.16 No.1

Purpose Prominin1/CD133 has become the ideal marker for cancer stem cells (CSCs) detection in human tumors. In this study we examined the expression of this marker in several breast cancer specimens to associate CSCs percentage with risk factor for this neoplasia. Methods We examined specimens from 12 patients using CD133 and CD44 antibodies for CSCs immunohistochemistry detection and for flow cytometry analysis. For each patient, we also performed the immunohistochemical staining to evaluate the expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, c-erbB-2, Ki67, and E-cadherin markers. A Taqman probe for CD133 was used for mRNA quantification by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Prominin-1 expression was heterogeneous in different carcinomas but was strikingly hyperexpressed in a tubulolobular variant of breast cancer. The results were confirmed by all three methods. Conclusion Our data, although produced on a limited number of samples, showed an particularly high expression of stem cell marker CD133 in a breast cancer variant, generally with a good prognosis. Since CSCs detection by CD133 has been described as an important prognostic factor for several human cancers, we suggest the importance of detecting stem cell compartiments in all histotypes of breast carcinomas.

Overexpression of Cell Cycle Progression Inhibitor Geminin is Associated with Tumor Stem-Like Phenotype of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Maurizio Di Bonito,Monica Cantile,Francesca Collina,Giosuè Scognamiglio,Margherita Cerrone,Elvira La Mantia,Antonio Barbato,Giuseppina Liguori,Gerardo Botti 한국유방암학회 2012 Journal of breast cancer Vol.15 No.2

Purpose: Triple-negative breast cancer, has a significant clinical relevance being associated with a shorter median time to relapse and death and does not respond to endocrine therapy or other available targeted agents. For this reason, identifying the molecular pathways associated with increased aggressiveness, for example the presence of stem cell populations within the tumor and alteration of genes associated with cell cycle regulation represents an important objective in the clinical research into this neoplasm. Methods: To investigate the role of cell cycle progression inhibitor Geminin in triple-negative breast cancers and its potential correlation with stem-like phenotype of this neoplasm, we used tissue microarray technology to build a specific triplenegative breast cancer tissue micro-array. Geminin and cancer stem cell marker CD133 expression was further investigated at the mRNA level for selected breast tumor samples through realtime polymerase chain reaction quantification. Results: Our results showed that CD133 expression was significantly associated to high Geminin expression (p=0.017), a strong association between Ki-67 and tumor grade (p=0.020) and an inverse association between Geminin expression and lymphonode metastases (p=0.058), and a trend of statistically significance between Geminin marker expression and survival of triple-negative breast cancer patients (p=0.076). Conclusion: The strong association between the expression of CD133 and Geminin could be useful in molecular stratification of breast tumors and in particular of triple-negative breast cancers.