臼齒部와 前齒部의 咬合 狀態에 關한 硏究

具仲會,高鎭煥,鄭圭林,李起受 대한치과교정학회 1980 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.10 No.1

The purpose of this study was (1) to determine the prevalence of some causes by which dental occlusion might be affected, (2) to determine the prevalence of malocclusion, and types of molar, vertical incisor and horizontal incisor relationships, and (3) to examine the sex difference in the prevalence ratios, and (4) to determine the between-examiner differences in assessing types of dental occlusion. The material consisted of 1281 males and 811 females, total 2091 persons, aged 17 to 21 years. Two examiners who were graduate students in the orthodontic course, examined independently dental occlusion of the material. Before calculating the statistics, the subjects consisted of 156 males and 164 females, total 320 persons, having any one or more causes suspected to affect dental occlusion, was eliminated. Then the remained subjects, 1124 males and 647 females, total 1771 persons, were assessed. The results were as follows 1. The prevalence of some causes by which dental occlusion might be affected was 15.32 percent. The missing rate of any one or more first molars was 8.85 percent, that of any one or more teeth positioned anterior to the first molar was 3.83 per cent. The prevalence of crossbite of the first molar was 0.48 per cent, that of retained primary teeth was 0.77 percent, and that of orthodontic treatment was 0.43 per cent. 2. The rate of between-examiner difference was 12.53 per cent in assessing the types of molar relationship, 18.86 percent in assessing the types of horizontal incisor relationship, and 26.37 percent in assessing the types of horizontal incisor relationship. 3. There was no sex difference in the prevalence ratios of the types of molar relationship. The prevalence of Class 1 molar relationship was 80.91 percent, that of Class Ⅱ was 5.03, that of Class Ⅱ subdivision was 4.01, percent, that of Class Ⅲ was 5.99 percent and that of Class Ⅲ subdivision was 4.07 percent. 4. In the prevalence of the types of horizontal incisor relationship, there were no sex differences except that of Class Ⅱ division 2. The prevalence of Class 1 horizontal incisor relationship was 73.12 percent, that of Class Ⅱ division 1 was 12.03 percent, that of Class Ⅱ division 2 was 6.58 percent in male and 4.33 percent in female, and that of Class Ⅲ was 9.09 percent. 5. In the prevalence of the types of vertical incisor relationship, there were no sex differences except that of deep bite, The prevalence of open bite was 2.20 per cent, that of edge-to-edge bite was 9.15 percent, that of normal bite was 76.34 percent, and that of deep bite was 14.15 percent in male and 9.12 percent in female. 6. There was no sex difference in the prevalence of malocclusion the prevalence of malocclusion was 82.67 percent and that of normal occlusion was 17.33 percent. 7. There was a tendency that when Class 1 molar relationship changed to Class Ⅱ, incisor relationships were to be larger overjet or upright upper incisors and deep bite, but when that changed to Class Ⅲ molar relationship, these were to be cross bite and openbite.

The Crystal and Molecular Structures of Sulfametrole

Koo Chung Hoe,Chung Yong Je,Shin Hyun So,Suh Jung Sun Korean Chemical Society 1982 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.3 No.1

Sulfametrole, $C_9H_{10}N_4O_3S_2$, crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group $P2_1/n$ , with a = 8.145(2), b = 16.505(4), c = 9.637(1)${\AA},{\beta}=103.72(1)^{\circ},D_m=1.52gcm^{-3}$,Z=4.Intensities for 3594(2143 observed) unique reflections were measured on a four-circle diffractometer with Mo $K{\alpha}$ radiation $({\lambda}=0.71069{\AA})$. The structure was solved by direct method and refined by full-matrix least squares to a final R of 0.070. The geometrical features of the thiadiazole ring indicate some ${pi}$-electron delocalization inside the ring. The least squares planes defined by the benzene and thiadiazole rings are nearly perpendicular to each other(dihedral angle; $93.9^{\circ}$ ). All the potential hydrogen-bond donor atoms in the molecule, N(1) and N(2), are included in the hydrogen bonding. The molecules through hydrogen bonding form three dimensional network.

The Crystal and Molecular Structure of N1-Cyclohexyl-N2-(o-Chlorobenzal) Imino Thiourea

Chung Hoe Koo,Hojing Kim,Hoon Sup Kim,Chong Whan Chang 대한약학회 1977 약학회지 Vol.21 No.3

N1-Cyclohexyl-N2-(o-chlorobenzal) imino thiourea, C14H18 N3SCl, crystallizes in C2/c, with a=19.68, b=7.74, c=20.42angstrom, beta=92.8o and eight formula units in the unit cell. The structure was solved by the study of Patterson sections, calculated from three-dimensional film data, and was refined by block-diagonal least-squares methods to R=0.16 based on 1288 independent intensity data. The rest atoms of N1-Cyclohexyl-N2-(o-chlorobenzal) imino thiourea molecule excluding cyclohexan ring and chlorine atoms approximately lie on a plane. A pair of molecules related by the symmetry centers are connected directly with the N-H...... S hydrogen bonds. Apart from the hydrogen bonding system the structure is held together by the van der Waals forces.

The Crystal and Molecular Structure of 1-(Hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)-3-(p-tolylsulfonyl) Urea : The Tolazamide (C_14H_21N-3O_3S)

Koo, Chung-Hoe,Suh, Jung-Sun,Yeon, Young-Hee 명지대학교 1979 明大論文集 Vol.12 No.-

Crystals of tolazamide, C_14H_21N_3O_3S, are triclinic, space group pi, with cell dimensions a=6.355(2), b=9.233(2), c=13.510(3)Å, a=101.04(8), β=92.80(5), γ=85.72(6)˚, z=2. Intensities were collected on an automated four-circle diffractometer using graphite-monochromated Cu Ka radiations. The structure was solved by direct method and refined by least-squares with full-matrix approximation to R=0.058 for 1184 observed reflections. The non-hydrogen atoms were refined anisotropically. The positions of H-atoms were refined with isotropic temperature factors. The molecules are linked by N-H・・・O hydrogen bonds into dimer-like units. the dimer units are joined by van der Waals contacts.

The Crystal and Molecular Structure of Sulfapyridine

Koo, Chung-Hoe,Lee, Young-Ja The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1979 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.2 No.2

The crystal structure of sulfapyridine, $C_{11}H_{11}N_{3}O_{2}S$, has been determined by X-ray diffraction method. The compound crystallizees in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a = 12, 80(4), b= 11.72(4), $c= 15.36(5){\AA}, {\beta}= 94(3)^{\circ}$and Z = 8. A total of 1133 observed reflections were collected by the Weissenberg method with CuKaradiation. Structure was solved by the heavy atom method and refined by isostropic block-diagonal least-squares method to the R value of 0.14. The nitrogen in the pyridine ring of sulfapyridine is associated with an extra-annular hydrogen. The C (benzene ring) S-N-C (pyridine ring) group adopts the gauche form with a fonformational angle of $71^{\circ}$. The benzene ring are inclined at angle of $84^{\circ}.to the pyridine ring plane. Sulfapyridine shows three different hydrogen bonding in the crystal. They are two N-H...O hydrogen bonds with the distance of 2.90 and 2.98${\AA}$ respectively, and on N-H...N with the distance of 3.06 ${\AA}$.

The crystal and molecular structure of sulfisoxazole

Koo, Chung-Hoe,Shin, Hyun-So,Cho, Sung-Il The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1982 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.5 No.2

Sulfisoxazole, $C-{11}H_{13}N_{3}S$, crystallized in the orthohombic system, space group Pbca, with a = 14.492(1), b = 11.563(1), c = 14.900(2) $\AA$ and Z = 8. Intensities for 1867(1360 observed) unique reflections were measured on a four-circle diffractometer wirh CuKa radiation ($\lambda$ = 1.5418$\AA$). The structure was solved by heavy atom methods and refined by full-matrix least-squares procedures to a final R of 0.094. The benzene ring plane makes an angle of $68^{\circ}C$ with the plane of the isoxazole ring, which is plannar. The conformational angle formed by the torsional angle C(4)-S-N(2)-C(7) is $54^{\circ}C$. There are two intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the structure. One of them is of the type N-H...H with the length 2.915$\AA$. Thus two dimensional networks of hydrogen bonds form infinite moelcular sheets parallel to the (001) plane. Adjacent sheets are bound together by van der Waals forces.

The Crystal and Molecular Structure of 1-(Hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)-3-(p-tolylsulfonyl) Urea: Tolazamide ($C_{14}H_{21}N_3O_3S$)

Koo, Chung-Hoe,Suh, Jung-Sun,Yeon, Young-Hee,Watanabe, Tokunosuke The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1988 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.11 No.1

Crystals of tolazamide, $C_{14}H_{21}N_3O_3S$, are triclinic space group $P{\bar{1}}$ with cell dimensions of a = 6.355 (2), b = 9.223 (2), c = 13.510 (3) A, ${\alpha}\;=\;101.04\;(8),\;{\beta}=92.80(5),\;{\gamma}\;=\;85.72\;(6)^{\circ}$ and Z = 2. Intensities were collected on an automated four-circle diffractometer using graphite-monochromated Cu K ${\alpha}$ radiations. The structure was solved by direct method and refined by full-matrix least-squares to an R factor of 0.058 for 1184 observed reflections. The molecules are dimerized by the $N-H{\cdots}O$ hydrogen bonds. There are only van der Waals interactions between these molecular dimers.

The crystal and molecular structure of chlorpropamide

Koo, Chung-Hoe,Cho, Sung-Il,Yeon, Young-Hee The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1980 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.3 No.1

Chlorpropamide, $C_{10}H_{13}N_{2}O_{3}SCI$, forms orthofombic crystals of space group $P_{2}_{ 1}2_{1}2_{1}$ with a 9.066 $\pm$ 0.004, b = 5.218 $\pm$ 0.003, c = 26, 604 $\pm$, 0.008 $\AA$, and four molecules per cell. Three dimensional photographic data were collected with Mo-K$\alpha$ radiation. The structure was determined using Patterson, Fourier and Difference syntheses methods and refined by the block-diagonal least-squares methods with anisotropic thermal parameters for all nonhydrogen atoms and isotropic thermal parameters for all hydrogen atomes. The final R value was 0.10 for the 1823 observed independent reflections. The dihedral angle between the planes through the benzene ring and the urea goup is 99$^{\circ}$. The conformational angle formed by the projection of the S-C(1) with that of N(1)-C(7) when the projection is taken along the S-N(1) bond is 76$^{\circ}$. The molecule appears to form with neighbouring molecules two hydrogen bonds, N(1)..H...O(3) and N(2)-H...0(2) of lengths 2.774 and 2.954$\AA$ respectively related by screw diads parallel to the a axis. Adjacent molecules parallel to b and c axis are bound together by van der Wasls forces.

The Crystal and Molecular Structure of Sulfaguanidine Monohydrate

구정회(Chung Hoe Koo),김훈섭(Hoon Sup Kim),신환철(Whanchul Shin),최주현(Chuhyn Choe) 대한화학회 1974 대한화학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Successful and safe treatment of hemangioma with oral propranolol in a single institution

Chung, Sun-Hee,Park, Dong-Hyuk,Jung, Hye-Lim,Shim, Jae-Won,Kim, Deok-Soo,Shim, Jung-Yeon,Park, Moon-Soo,Koo, Hong-Hoe The Korean Pediatric Society 2012 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.55 No.5

Purpose: Dramatic improvement of hemangioma to propranolol has been recently reported; however, details on dose and duration of treatment, potential risks, and monitoring have not been determined. The objective of this study is to describe and analyze the use of propranolol as a first-line treatment or as a single therapy in management of complicated hemangioma. Methods: A retrospective chart review of eight patients diagnosed with hemangioma and treated with propranolol in Kangbuk Samsung Hospital from February 2010 to April 2011 was performed. Results: Eight patients with hemangioma with functional impairment, cosmetic disfigurement, or rapid growth were treated with propranolol. Five patients had solitary facial hemangioma. The mean age of symptoms at onset was 5 weeks. The median age for starting propranolol treatment was 5.5 months. Propranolol at 2 mg/kg/day was finally administered in divided doses with a gradual increase. Significant regression was observed in seven patients, and shrinkage in size, softening in consistency, and decrease in redness were evident within 4 weeks. Among them, six patients were still taking propranolol, and one patient had stopped after 12 months. Other one patient did not show significant improvement with satisfactory result after 3 months of propranolol use. Treatment with propranolol was well tolerated and had few side effects. No rebound growth was observed in any of the patients. Conclusion: We observed that use of propranolol was very effective in treatment of hemangioma without obvious adverse effects or relapse.