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CHRISTINA HAN,WING S. CHU 계명대학교 한국학연구원 2018 Acta Koreana Vol.21 No.2
Yi Tal (1539–1612), whose literary name is Son’gok, is regarded as a representative poet of the mid-Chosŏn period. As an illegitimate son of a yangban, despite his talent and education, Yi suffered state-sanctioned injustices like other members of his class. He had a brief career as an Education Official (hakgwan) in the Translation Office (Sayŏg’won) and served as a Diplomatic Attendant (chongsagwan) tasked with composing poems during an official visit by a Ming envoy. Yi was a nonconformist and he lived and died as a wandering poet. As a poet, he aspired to High Tang poetry, especially the poetry of the Tang poet Du Fu. Influences from Du’s poetry are noticeable in the themes and styles of Yi’s poetic works, in particular in their shared autobiographical approach to poetry. Yi’s literary talents were recognized by contemporary writers. He befriended yangban poets Ch’oe Kyŏngch’ang (1539–1583) and Paek Kwanghun (1537–1582), and the three were called the “Three Tang poets” in their literary circle. As a group, they were highly critical of the Song style of poetry and advocated for a revival of High Tang poetry. Yi taught poetry to Hŏ Kyun (1569–1618) and Hŏ Nansŏrhŏn (1563–1589), the sibling literary icons of the sixteenth century. After Yi’s death, his poems were collected and published by Hŏ Kyun under the title Son’gok chip [The collected works of Sŏn’gok] in 1618. Yi’s poems contain sensitive and candid portrayals of life of a wandering poet, the misery of poverty, the devastation caused by the Japanese invasion of Korea, the comfort of friendship, and the simple joys of life.
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Risk factors for recurrence amongst high intermediate risk patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma
Agnes Y. Bahng,Christina Chu,Paul Wileyto,Stephen Rubin,Lilie L. Lin 대한부인종양학회 2012 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.23 No.4
Objective: To determine risk factors associated with recurrence in patients with high intermediate risk (HIR) endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients with HIR endometrioid adenocarcinoma who underwent hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, with or without pelvic/para-aortic lymphadenectomy at the University of Pennsylvania between 1990 and 2009 was performed. Results: A total of 103 women with HIR endometrial cancer were identified. Multivariable analysis revealed that ≥2/3 myometrial invasion (HR, 4.79; p=0.010) and grade 3 disease (HR, 3.04; p=0.045) were independently predictive of distant metastases. The 5-year distant metastases free survival (DMFS) for patients with neither or one of these risk factors was 89%, and the 5-year DMFS for patients with both risk factors was 48% (p<0.001). Conclusion: Patients with both grade 3 disease and deep third myometrial invasion have a high risk of distant metastases. Identifying these patients may be important in rationally selecting patients for systemic therapy. Objective: To determine risk factors associated with recurrence in patients with high intermediate risk (HIR) endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients with HIR endometrioid adenocarcinoma who underwent hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, with or without pelvic/para-aortic lymphadenectomy at the University of Pennsylvania between 1990 and 2009 was performed. Results: A total of 103 women with HIR endometrial cancer were identified. Multivariable analysis revealed that ≥2/3 myometrial invasion (HR, 4.79; p=0.010) and grade 3 disease (HR, 3.04; p=0.045) were independently predictive of distant metastases. The 5-year distant metastases free survival (DMFS) for patients with neither or one of these risk factors was 89%, and the 5-year DMFS for patients with both risk factors was 48% (p<0.001). Conclusion: Patients with both grade 3 disease and deep third myometrial invasion have a high risk of distant metastases. Identifying these patients may be important in rationally selecting patients for systemic therapy.
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