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Slowed progression in models of huntington disease by adipose stem cell transplantation
Lee, Soon-Tae,Chu, Kon,Jung, Keun-Hwa,Im, Woo-Seok,Park, Jeong-Eun,Lim, Hun-Chang,Won, Chong-Hyun,Shin, Seung-Hyun,Lee, Sang Kun,Kim, Manho,Roh, Jae-Kyu Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Annals of Neurology Vol.66 No.5
<B>Objective</B><P>Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are readily accessible and secrete multiple growth factors. Here, we show that ASC transplantation rescues the striatal pathology of Huntington disease (HD) models.</P><B>Methods</B><P>ASCs were isolated from human subcutaneous adipose tissue. In a quinolinic acid (QA)-induced rat model of striatal degeneration, human ASCs (1 million cells) were transplanted into the ipsilateral striatal border immediately after the QA injection. In 60-day-old R6/2 mice transgenic for HD, ASCs (0.5 million cells) were transplanted into each bilateral striata. In in vitro experiments, we treated mutant huntingtin gene-transfected cerebral neurons with ASC-conditioned media.</P><B>Results</B><P>In the QA model, human ASCs reduced apomorphine-induced rotation behavior, lesion volume, and striatal apoptosis. In R6/2 transgenic mice, transplantation of ASCs improved Rota-Rod performance and limb clasping, increased survival, attenuated the loss of striatal neurons, and reduced the huntingtin aggregates. ASC-transplanted R6/2 mice expressed elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and reactive oxygen defense enzymes and showed activation of the Akt/cAMP-response element-binding proteins. ASC-conditioned media decreased the level of N-terminal fragments of mutant huntingtin and associated apoptosis, and increased PGC-1α expression.</P><B>Interpretation</B><P>Collectively, ASC transplantation slowed striatal degeneration and behavioral deterioration of HD models, possibly via secreted factors. Ann Neurol 2009;66:671–681</P>
Chong Hyun Suh,Seung Chai Jung,Byungjun Kim,Se Jin Cho,Dong-Cheol Woo,Woo Yong Oh,Jong Gu Lee,Kyung Won Kim 대한영상의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.21 No.1
Appropriate use and analysis of neuroimaging techniques is an inevitable aspect of clinical trials for patients with acute ischemic stroke. Neuroimaging examinations were recently used to define the core eligibility criteria and outcomes in acute ischemic stroke research. Recent clinical trials for endovascular treatment in acute ischemic stroke have also demonstrated the efficacy or safety of endovascular treatment using various imaging modalities as well as clinical indices. Furthermore, independent imaging reviews and imaging core laboratory assessments are essential to manage and analyze imaging data in order to enhance the reliability of the outcomes. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the use of neuroimaging in recent randomized clinical trials for endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke in order to provide a thorough summary, which would serve as a resource guiding the use of appropriate imaging protocols and analyses in future clinical trials for acute ischemic stroke. This review will help researchers select appropriate imaging biomarkers among the various imaging protocols available and apply the selected type of imaging examination for each study in accordance with the academic purpose.
( Chong Won Choi ),( Gwanghyun Jo ),( Dong Hun Lee ),( Seong Jin Jo ),( Cheol Lee ),( Je-ho Mun ) 대한피부과학회 2019 Annals of Dermatology Vol.31 No.2
Background: Hyperpigmentation on the face and neck can be a devastating psychological burden in patients with Riehl’s melanosis. However, successful treatment of the disease is challenging for clinicians. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of low-fluence neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser in the treatment of Riehl’s melanosis and to identify prognostic factors determining the response to laser treatment. Methods: We enrolled 10 Korean patients with Riehl’s melanosis. The patients received 10∼28 treatment sessions at 3-week intervals with low-fluence Nd:YAG laser. Results: Among all the patients, seven reached near total improvement, and two and one patient reached marked improvement and minimal improvement, respectively, after low-fluence Nd:YAG laser treatment. The mean number of needed laser treatment sessions to reach marked improvement and near total improvement was 12.1±4.0 (ranged from 6 to 17) and 14.6±4.4 (ranged from 9 to 20), respectively. A further analysis revealed the proportion of patients who reached near total improvement was higher, and the mean number of necessary laser treatment sessions to reach minimal improvement was less in patients with dark brown pigmentation compared to those with light brown pigmentation. Among all patients, three complained of guttate hypopigmentation. However, the hypopigmented lesions spontaneously improved after the interruption of the treatment. Conclusion: We found that low-fluence Nd:YAG laser is an effective and safe treatment modality for Riehl’s melanosis. (Ann Dermatol 31(2) 127∼ 132, 2019)
Treatment of Melasma in Asian Skin Using a Fractional 1,550-nm Laser: An Open Clinical Study
LEE, HYOUN SEUNG,WON, CHONG HYUN,LEE, DONG HUN,AN, JEE SOO,CHANG, HANG WOOK,LEE, JONG HEE,KIM, KYU HAN,CHO, SOYUN,CHUNG, JIN HO Blackwell Publishing Inc 2009 Dermatologic surgery Vol.35 No.10
<P>BACKGROUND</P><P>Melasma is a common hyperpigmentation disorder that can cause refractory cosmetic disfigurement, especially in Asians. Fractional photothermolysis (FP) has been reported to be effective for the treatment of melasma, despite small study populations and short follow-up periods.</P><P>OBJECTIVE</P><P>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of FP for the treatment of melasma in Asians.</P><P>PATIENTS AND METHODS</P><P>Twenty-five patients with melasma received four monthly FP sessions and were followed up to 24 weeks after treatment completion. Efficacy was evaluated using objective and subjective ratings, Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI), melanin index tracking, and skin elasticity measurements.</P><P>RESULTS</P><P>Investigators observed clinical improvements in 60% and patients in 44% at 4 weeks after treatment, but the figures decreased to 52% and 35%, respectively, at 24 weeks after treatment. Mean MASI scores decreased significantly from 7.6 to 6.2. Mean melanin index decreased significantly after the first two sessions, but it relapsed slightly in subsequent follow-ups. The treatment did not alter skin elasticity. Hyperpigmentation was observed in three of 23 subjects (13%).</P><P>CONCLUSION</P><P>Treatment of melasma with FP led to some clinical improvements, but it was not as efficacious as previously reported at 6-month follow-up. We recommend judicious use of FP for the treatment of melasma in Asian skin because of its limited efficacy.</P>
Won-Seok Park,Minsu Shin,Hyang-Won Lee,Song Chong IEEE 2009 Journal of Lightwave Technology Vol.27 No.17
<P>This paper revisits burst contention resolution problems in optical burst switching (OBS) networks from the viewpoint of network utility maximization. Burst collision occurs when two or more bursts access the same wavelength simultaneously, and the occurrence becomes more frequent as the offered load increases. In particular, when the network is overloaded, no contention resolution scheme would effectively avoid the collision without the help of congestion control. We formulate a joint optimization problem where two variables, the length and the time at which each burst is injected into the network, are jointly optimized in order to maximize aggregate utility while minimizing burst loss. A distributed algorithm is also developed, which explicitly reveals how burst contention resolution and congestion control must interact. The simulation results show that the joint control decouples throughput performance from burst loss performance so that burst loss ratio does not increase as network throughput increases. This is not the case in conventional contention resolution schemes where burst loss ratio increases as network throughput increases so that achievable network throughput is limited. Our work is the first attempt to the joint design of congestion and contention control and might lead to an interesting development in OBS research.</P>
( Chong Won Choi ),( Ji Su Lee ),( Da-ae Yu ),( Bo Ri Kim ),( Sang Woong Youn ) 대한피부과학회 2019 Annals of Dermatology Vol.31 No.1
Background: The efficacy and safety of etanercept in the treatment of psoriasis has been proven, and the drug was approved for the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis. However, there have been few studies that have presented real-world data focused on concomitant treatment during etanercept treatment, and the switching pattern after discontinuation of etanercept. Objective: To reveal the real- world treatment pattern of etanercept-based psoriasis treatment and to investigate the switching pattern after withdrawal of etanercept. Methods: We enrolled 66 patients with psoriasis who were treated with etanercept. We collected data regarding the demographic characteristics of the patients, etanercept treatment schedules, and other treatments administered during the etanercept treatment period. We also investigated the treatment pattern after the discontinuation of etanercept with emphasis on the drug-free interval and the administered treatment modalities. Results: The mean treatment duration was 22.7±26.1 months and the mean number of etanercept injections was 21.5±27.9. Thirty-six patients were administered concomitant systemic medication or phototherapy. After discontinuation of etanercept, 54 patients were followed up and 34 of these patients were administered other systemic medication or phototherapy; phototherapy and cyclosporine was the most commonly administered treatment modality and 27.4% of treatments used biologics. Conclusion: The treatment schedule for etanercept was modified according to the severity of psoriasis and concomitant treatment was administered to improve the effectiveness of treatment in the patients enrolled in the study. We also found that most patients required other treatment modalities to control psoriasis during the period of etanercept treatment. (Ann Dermatol 31(1) 44∼50, 2019)