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Grave-to-cradle: human embryonic lineage tracing from the postmortem body
Choi Seock Hwan,Ku Eu Jeong,Choi Yujin Angelina,Oh Ji Won 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-
Curiosity concerning the process of human creation has been around for a long time. Relevant questions seemed to be resolved with the knowledge of how cells divide after fertilization obtained through in vitro fertilization experiments. However, we still do not know how human life is created at the cellular level. Recently, the value of cadavers as a resource from which to obtain “normal” cells and tissues has been established, and human research using postmortem bodies has attracted growing scientific attention. As the human genome can be analyzed at the level of nucleotides through whole-genome sequencing, individual cells in a postmortem body can be traced back to determine what developmental processes have transpired from fertilization. These retrospective lineage tracing studies have answered several unsolved questions on how humans are created. This review covers the methodologies utilized in lineage tracing research in a historical context and the conceptual basis for reconstructing the division history of cells in a retrospective manner using postzygotic somatic variants in postmortem tissue. We further highlight answers that postmortem research could potentially address and discuss issues that wait to be solved in the future.
Choi, Seock Hwan,Kwon, Tae Gyun,Kim, Tae-Hwan Mary Ann Liebert 2012 Journal of endourology Vol.26 No.6
<P>It is well recognized that monitoring of the serum potassium level during laparoscopic adrenalectomy for primary hyperaldosteronism is critical. Nevertheless, the guideline for prevention and management of hypokalemia during the operation has not been established to date. In this study, we investigated whether active potassium supplementation could prevent electrolyte imbalance during laparoscopic adrenalectomy for primary hyperaldosteronism.</P>
최석환(Seock Hwan Choi),권태균(Tae Gyun Kwon) 대한비뇨기종양학회 2013 대한비뇨기종양학회지 Vol.11 No.1
The rapid and widespread use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening into clinical field was based on the assumption that PSA may increase the chance of earlier detection and cure of prostate cancer with minimal harms. In US, the introduction of PSA testing nearly doubled the lifetime risk of receiving a diagnosis of prostate cancer. However, many studies reported that PSA screening also can increase overdiagnosis and subsequent overtreatment. To evaluate the value of PSA screening on prostate cancer mortality, numerous studies have been conducted with contradictory results. Moreover, most of them were not randomized, controlled study. Recently, early results of two large, randomized, controlled trials of screening have published. A European study showed a modest decrease in prostate-cancer mortality, whereas a United States study showed no decrease in prostate-cancer mortality. Considering these inconsistent results of trials, men considering prostate-cancer screening should be informed about the potential benefits and harms of screening and early treatment. In this article, we address the current status and value of PSA screening with the review of the literature on PSA screening for prostate cancer.
최석환(Seock Hwan Choi),권태균(Tae Gyun Kwon) 대한비뇨기종양학회 2012 대한비뇨기종양학회지 Vol.10 No.3
Urine cytology is one of the key screening and surveillance methods in the management of patients with urothelial tumors. Urine cytology usually shows high specificity and low sensitivity. Therefore, positive cytology is generally considered as a precursor of the urothelial malignancy even if there is no clinical confirmation. Clinically unconfirmed positive urine cytology refers to the condition that the result of urine cytology is repeatedly positive but the malignancy cannot be identified with the imaging study or cystoscopy. Based upon current reports, most patients with clinically unconfirmed positive urine cytology will eventually be identified with the recognizable tumors. In the present study cohort, the most common site of malignancy was the bladder. In this article, we address the systematic approach to evaluation and management of clinically unconfirmed positive urine cytology with the literature review.
국내 전이성 투명세포 신장암 환자의 1차 표적치료제 동향: Sunitinib과 Pazopanib, 다기관 연구
최민수(Minsu Choi),신택준(Teak Jun Shin),김병훈(Byung Hoon Kim),김천일(Chun Il Kim),이경섭(Kyung Seop Lee),최석환(Seock Hwan Choi),김현태(Hyun Tae Kim),김태환(Tae-Hwan Kim),권태균(Tae Gyun Kwon),고영휘(Young Hwii Ko),하윤수(Yoon Soo 대한비뇨기종양학회 2022 대한비뇨기종양학회지 Vol.20 No.2
Purpose: There have been few reports on comparison between sunitinib and pazopanib as first-line targeted therapy in Korean metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). We sought to analyze the treatment trends of metastatic ccRCC by comparing the effects and adverse events of sunitinib and pazopanib. Materials and Methods: Data of 357 metastatic RCC patients who received the sunitinib or pazopanib as the first-line targeted therapy from the Daegyeong Oncology Study Group database was obtained and analyzed. Among these patients, patients who only clear cell type was confirmed after needle biopsy or nephrectomy were included, and patients who underwent target therapy for less than 3 months were excluded. Results: Of 251 patients who met the inclusion criteria, sunitinib and pazopanib group were identified in 156 (62%) and 95 patients (38%), respectively. Pazopanib group was older (66 years vs. 61 years, p=0.001) and more symptomatic (65% vs. 52%, p=0.037) and had more patients with Karnofsky performance status <80 (20% vs. 11%, p=0.048) and fewer number of organ metastases (p=0.004) compared to sunitinib group. There was no significant difference in disease control rate (88.5% vs. 87.3%, p=0.744), the median progression-free survival (19 months vs. 15 months, p=0.444) and overall survival (25 months vs. 19 months, p=0.721) between sunitinib and pazopanib. The most common grade 3/4 adverse events with sunitinib and pazopanib were anemia (5%) and hand-foot syndrome (3%), respectively. There was no significant difference between sunitinib and pazopanib in number of patients who experienced grade 3/4 adverse events (15% vs. 11%, p=0.275). However, there were more patients who discontinued treatment due to only adverse events in sunitinib group compared to pazopanib group (12% vs. 3%, p=0.020). Conclusions: In Korean metastatic ccRCC, pazopanib tended to be used in patients with poorer health status compared to sunitinib. Sunitinib and pazopanib had no significant difference in treatment effect and survival, but pazopanib had more tolerable adverse events.
Choi, Hyung Oh,Nam, Gi-Byoung,Jin, Eun-Sun,Kim, Ki-Hun,Kim, Sung-Hwan,Hwang, Eui-Seock,Park, Kyoung-Min,Kim, Jun,Rhee, Kyoung-Suk,Choi, Kee-Joon,Kim, You-Ho BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 2013 Heart Vol.99 No.24
<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>Electrocardiographic markers identifying malignant forms of early repolarisation (ER) from ER of normal variants are of prime clinical importance. We compared the ECG parameters of ER patterns in patients with early repolarisation syndrome (ERS) proximate to the ventricular fibrillation (VF) episodes, remote from the events and those with normal controls with ER.</P><P><B>Design</B></P><P>A retrospective, case-control study.</P><P><B>Setting</B></P><P>University hospital.</P><P><B>Patients</B></P><P>This study included 12 patients with ERS and 36 age-matched, gender-matched controls with ER.</P><P><B>Main outcome measures</B></P><P>Dynamic change of J-wave.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The highest amplitude of J-wave, sum of the J-wave amplitudes or the number of leads with ER showed a dramatic change during the perievent period. J-wave amplitudes (2.0±1.3 vs 4.0±1.7, p=0.004) and the number of leads with ER (3.3±1.7 vs 5.3±2.0, p=0.021) were significantly higher around the time of VF. In particular, the characteristic morphology of ‘giant’ (wide, >80 ms) J-waves were observed during the perievent period in 5/12 patients with ERS. However, there were no significant differences in the electrocardiographic parameters of ER pattern remote from VF events between the patients with ERS and normal control subjects with ER.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Although the extent of and amplitude of J-wave or ST segment elevation (STE) increased significantly around VF episodes, the electrocardiographic parameters of ER remote from VF episodes were not significantly different from those of normal controls. The narrow time window of these ECG changes limits early detection of ER patients at risk of developing VF or sudden cardiac death.</P>