Comparison of Risk of Pneumonia Caused by Fluticasone Versus Budesonide in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study

( Jae-hwa Choi ),( Keun-bae Jeong ),( You Hyun Park ),( Iseul Yu ),( Seok Jeong Lee ),( Myoung Kyu Lee ),( Sang-ha Kim ),( Won-yeon Lee ),( Suk Joong Yong ),( Ji-ho Lee ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.129 No.-

Background Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) play an important role in lowering the risk of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, ICSs are known to increase the risk of pneumonia. Moreover, previous studies have shown that the incidence rate of pneumonia varies depending on the type of ICS. In this study, the risk of pneumonia according to the type of ICS was investigated in a population-based cohort. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted using claims data of the entire population from the Korean National Health Insurance Service. Patients who were newly diagnosed with COPD and prescribed fluticasone or budesonide were enrolled as study subjects. Cumulative and daily doses of ICSs were classified into categorical variables to analyze the risk of pneumonia within identical ICS doses. Results A total of 47,473 subjects were identified and allocated as 14,518 fluticasone and 14,518 budesonide users through 1:1 propensity score matching. Fluticasone users were more likely to develop pneumonia than budesonide users (14.22% vs. 10.66%, p<0.0001). The incidence rate per 100,000 person-years was 2,914.77 for fluticasone users and 2,102.90 for budesonide users. The hazard ratio (HR) of pneumonia in fluticasone compared to budesonide was 1.34 (95% CI 1.26-1.43, p<0.0001). The risk of pneumonia for fluticasone compared to budesonide increased with higher ICS cumulative doses: 1.06 (0.93-1.21), 1.41 (1.19-1.66), 1.41 (1.23-1.63), and 1.49 (1.33-1.66) from the lowest to highest quartiles, respectively. In addition, the risk of pneumonia for fluticasone compared to budesonide was higher as daily ICS doses increased: 1.33 (1.24-1.42) for low doses, 1.51 (1.21-1.89) for medium doses, and 1.72 (1.06-2.78) for high doses. Conclusion ICS types and doses need to be carefully considered during treatment with ICSs in patients with COPD.

A formulated red ginseng extract inhibits autophagic flux and sensitizes to doxorubicin-induced cell death

Park, Han-Hee,Choi, Seung-Won,Lee, Gwang Jin,Kim, Young-Dae,Noh, Hyun-Jin,Oh, Seung-Jae,Yoo, Iseul,Ha, Yu-Jin,Koo, Gi-Bang,Hong, Soon-Sun,Kwon, Sung Won,Kim, You-Sun The Korean Society of Ginseng 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.1

Background: Ginseng is believed to have antitumor activity. Autophagy is largely a prosurvival cellular process that is activated in response to cellular stressors, including cytotoxic chemotherapy; therefore, agents that inhibit autophagy can be used as chemosensitizers in cancer treatment. We examined the ability of Korean Red Ginseng extract (RGE) to prevent autophagic flux and to make hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells become more sensitive to doxorubicin. Methods: The cytotoxic effects of total RGE or its saponin fraction (RGS) on HCC cells were examined by the lactate dehydrogenase assay in a dose- or time-dependent manner. The effect of RGE or RGS on autophagy was measured by analyzing microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain (LC)3-II expression and LC3 puncta formation in HCC cells. Late-stage autophagy suppression was tested using tandem-labeled green fluorescent protein (GFP)-monomeric red fluorescent protein (mRFP)-LC3. Results: RGE markedly increased the amount of LC3-II, but green and red puncta in tandem-labeled GFP-mRFP-LC3 remained colocalized over time, indicating that RGE inhibited autophagy at a late stage. Suppression of autophagy through knockdown of key ATG genes increased doxorubicin-induced cell death, suggesting that autophagy induced by doxorubicin has a protective function in HCC. Finally, RGE and RGS markedly sensitized HCC cells, (but not normal liver cells), to doxorubicin-induced cell death. Conclusion: Our data suggest that inhibition of late-stage autophagic flux by RGE is important for its potentiation of doxorubicin-induced cancer cell death. Therapy combining RGE with doxorubicin could serve as an effective strategy in the treatment of HCC.

반응표면분석법을 이용한 타타리메밀싹에서 플라보노이드 추출 최적화

신지영(Jiyoung Shin),최이슬(Iseul Choi),황진우(Jinwoo Hwang),양준호(Junho Yang),이윤형(Yoonhyeong Lee),김소이(So-i Kim),차은지(Eunji Cha),양지영(Ji-Young Yang) 한국생명과학회 2020 생명과학회지 Vol.30 No.12

타타리메밀은 rutin, quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin 등의 플라보노이드를 함유하고 있는 곡물이다. 또한, 이러한 생리활성 물질은 곡물을 발아시키고 싹으로 재배하였을 경우 증가하는 경향을 가지게 된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 반응표면분석법을 활용하여 재배한 타타리메밀싹으로부터 생리활성 물질인 플라보노이드, rutin, quercetin, myricetin의 추출 함량이 최대로 되는 최적추출조건을 도출하였다. Box-Behnken design에 따라 함량에 영향을 끼칠 수 있는 독립변수로 추출온도(X₁, 50~70℃), 추출시간(X₂, 5~9 hr), 에탄올의 농도(X₃, 60~90%)를 설정하였고, 종속변수로는 rutin, quercetin, myricetin 각각의 함량을 사용하였다. 각각의 함량에 대한 모델식의 R²은 0.95 이상으로 유의성을 가져 적합하다고 판단되었다. 적합성 결여 test에서의 p-value가 모두 0.1 이상을 나타내어 유의성이 기각되었고, 이는 모델이 추출조건을 잘 설명할 수 있음을 나타내었다. 최적화된 추출 방법은 추출온도 51.03℃에서 6.62시간 동안 69.16%의 에탄올을 이용하여 추출하는 것이었다. 최적 조건에서의 예측된 rutin, quercetin, myricetin의 함량은 각각 808.467, 193.296, 37.361 μg/ml이었다. 예상된 모델을 검증하기 위하여 최적화된 추출조건을 이용하여 10회 추출을 진행한 결과, rutin, quercetin, myricetin 함량이 각각 802.84±8.49 μg/ml, 193.76±2.80 μg/ml, 34.84±0.43 μg/ml으로 측정되었다 rutin과 quercetin는 예측치와 실험치가 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았지만, myricetin의 경우에는 예상된 값에 조금 미치지 못하는 값이 측정되었다. Tartary buckwheat is a grain with many flavonoids, such as rutin, quercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin. This study aimed to optimize extraction conditions to maximize the rutin, quercetin, and myricetin contents of tartary buckwheat sprout extracts using response surface methodology. A Box-Behnken design containing 15 experiments was employed to evaluate the effects of extraction conditions, such as temperature (X1, 50~70℃), extraction time (X₂, 5~9 hr), and ethanol concentration (X₃, 60~90%). The coefficients of determination (R²) for all the dependent variables (extraction temperature, extraction time, and extraction ethanol concentration) were determined to be over 0.95, indicating significance. The p-value of the model in lack of fit was over 0.1 than means, indicating that the model was well predicted. The optimal extraction conditions for rutin, quercetin, and myricetin contents were obtained at X₁ = 51.03, X₂ = 6.62, and X₃ = 69.16, respectively. Under these optimal conditions, the predicted rutin, quercetin, and myricetin contents were 808.467 μg/ml, 193.296 μg/ml, and 37.360 μg/ml, respectively. For the validation of the model, ten experiments were performed and the experimental rutin and quercetin contents were measured at 802.84±8.49 μg/ml, 193.76±2.80 μg/ml, and 34.84±0.43 μg/ml, respectively. The experimental rutin and quercetin contents were similar to the predicted contents, but the experimental myricetin content was lower than predicted.

A formulated red ginseng extract inhibits autophagic flux and sensitizes to doxorubicin-induced cell death

Han-Hee Park,Seung-Won Choi,Gwang Jin Lee,김영대,Hyun-Jin Noh,Seung-Jae Oh,Iseul Yoo,Yu-Jin Ha,Gi-Bang Koo,Soon-Sun Hong,SungWonKwon,김유선 고려인삼학회 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.1

Background: Ginseng is believed to have antitumor activity. Autophagy is largely a prosurvival cellular process that is activated in response to cellular stressors, including cytotoxic chemotherapy; therefore, agents that inhibit autophagy can be used as chemosensitizers in cancer treatment. We examined the ability of Korean Red Ginseng extract (RGE) to prevent autophagic flux and to make hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells become more sensitive to doxorubicin. Methods: The cytotoxic effects of total RGE or its saponin fraction (RGS) on HCC cells were examined by the lactate dehydrogenase assay in a dose- or time-dependent manner. The effect of RGE or RGS on autophagy was measured by analyzing microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain (LC)3-II expression and LC3 puncta formation in HCC cells. Late-stage autophagy suppression was tested using tandem-labeled green fluorescent protein (GFP)emonomeric red fluorescent protein (mRFP)eLC3. Results: RGE markedly increased the amount of LC3-II, but green and red puncta in tandem-labeled GFPemRFPeLC3 remained colocalized over time, indicating that RGE inhibited autophagy at a late stage. Suppression of autophagy through knockdown of key ATG genes increased doxorubicin-induced cell death, suggesting that autophagy induced by doxorubicin has a protective function in HCC. Finally, RGE and RGS markedly sensitized HCC cells, (but not normal liver cells), to doxorubicin-induced cell death. Conclusion: Our data suggest that inhibition of late-stage autophagic flux by RGE is important for its potentiation of doxorubicin-induced cancer cell death. Therapy combining RGE with doxorubicin could serve as an effective strategy in the treatment of HCC.

First/Last-mile을 고려한 Personal Mobility의 우선 공급 지역 분석 : 대전광역시 공공교통 사각지대를 대상으로

채운혁(Chae, Un Hyeok),최승현(Choi, Seung Hyun),도명식(Do, Myung Sik) 대한토목학회 2022 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.10

Development and Evaluation of a Next-Generation Sequencing Panel for the Multiple Detection and Identification of Pathogens in Fermented Foods

Park Dong-Geun,Ha Eun-Su,Kang Byungcheol,Choi Iseul,Kwak Jeong-Eun,Choi Jinho,Park Jeongwoong,이우정,Kim Seung Hwan,Kim Soon Han,이주훈 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.33 No.1

These days, bacterial detection methods have some limitations in sensitivity, specificity, and multiple detection. To overcome these, novel detection and identification method is necessary to be developed. Recently, NGS panel method has been suggested to screen, detect, and even identify specific foodborne pathogens in one reaction. In this study, new NGS panel primer sets were developed to target 13 specific virulence factor genes from five types of pathogenic Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, respectively. Evaluation of the primer sets using singleplex PCR, crosscheck PCR and multiplex PCR revealed high specificity and selectivity without interference of primers or genomic DNAs. Subsequent NGS panel analysis with six artificially contaminated food samples using those primer sets showed that all target genes were multi-detected in one reaction at 108 -105 CFU of target strains. However, a few false-positive results were shown at 106 -105 CFU. To validate this NGS panel analysis, three sets of qPCR analyses were independently performed with the same contaminated food samples, showing the similar specificity and selectivity for detection and identification. While this NGS panel still has some issues for detection and identification of specific foodborne pathogens, it has much more advantages, especially multiple detection and identification in one reaction, and it could be improved by further optimized NGS panel primer sets and even by application of a new real-time NGS sequencing technology. Therefore, this study suggests the efficiency and usability of NGS panel for rapid determination of origin strain in various foodborne outbreaks in one reaction.