http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Cho, Sung Hwan,Jung, Jae Hun,Ham, Jung Hoon,Lee, Dea Uk,Kim, Tae Whan American Scientific Publishers 2010 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.10 No.7
<P>Organic memory devices based on a hybrid poly(4-vinyl phenol) (PVP) layer containing Buckminster-fullerene (C60) were formed by using a spin coating method. Capacitance-voltage measurements on Al/C60 embedded in PVP layer/p-Si (100) devices at 300 K showed a hysteresis with a large flatband voltage shift due to the existence of C60 molecules, indicative of the charge storage in the C60 molecules. The magnitude of the flat-band voltage shift for the memory devices with a hybrid active layer consisting of PVP and C60 was significantly affected by the type of electrode. The endurance time of the organic memory device fabricated utilizing C60 nanoparticles embedded in the PVP layer at 300 K was approximately 10 years, indicative of excellent memory endurance ability.</P>
Design and optimization of two-bit double-gate nonvolatile memory cell for highly reliable operation
Cho, Seongjae,Park, Il Han,Kim, Tae Hun,Sim, Jae Sung,Song, Ki-Whan,Lee, Jong Duk,Shin, Hyungcheol,Park, Byung-Gook IEEE 2006 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY Vol.5 No.3
In this paper, characterization and optimization have been performed on the 2-b floating-gate-type nonvolatile memory (NVM) cell based on a double-gate (DG) MOSFET structure using two-dimensional numerical simulation. The thickness and the difference of charge amount between programmed and erased states are found to be the crucial factors that put the NVM cell operation under optimum condition. Under fairly good conditions, the silicon thickness can reach below 30 nm while suppressing the read disturbance level within 1 V. With these results, operating schemes are investigated for both NAND - and NOR-type memory cells. This paper is based on simulation works which can give a reasonable intuition in flash memory operation. Although we adopted a floating-gate-type device since the exact modeling of Si<SUB>3</SUB>N<SUB>4</SUB> used for the storage node is absent in the current numerical simulator, this helps to predict the operation of an oxide-nitride-oxide dielectric flash memory cell at a good degree.
Kinetic Analysis of the Decomposition of Calcium Carbonate Using Danyang Limestone
Cho, Sang Hwan,Joo, Sung Min,Cho, Jin Sang,Yu, Young Hwan,Ahn, Ji Whan,Han, Choon,Kim, Hwan Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2006 Materials science forum Vol.510 No.-
<P>Non-isothermal behaviors of calcium carbonate using Danyang limestone were investigated. It was attempted to provide non-isothermal data with a precision sufficient for the determination of reliable decomposition behaviors and for the estimation of accurate kinetic parameter. The decomposition temperature of calcium carbonate on the onset, peak and final point were measured. Reaction rate was decreased and maximum reaction temperature was increased with increasing heating rate. Activation energy of Danyang limestone was 45.14㎉/㏖ and 50.80㎉/ ㏖ by Kissinger method and Freeman method, respectively.</P>
( Sang Bong Ahn ),( Yun Ju Jo ),( Yong Kyun Cho ),( Dae Won Jun ),( Eun Chul Jang ),( Se Whan Lee ),( Ki Tae Suk ),( Seung Min Lee ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1
Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease characterized by accumulation of fat in the liver. There is no approved therapy for NAFLD. Fruit, vegetables, high fiber foods and reduced intakes of saturated fats may be universally recommended to NAFLD patients. But, the effect of carbohydrate and simple sugar that is main diet in Korean for the treatment of NAFLD has not been carefully evaluated. We examined the relation of carbohydrate, simple sugar and steatohepatitis by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), laboratory findings and ultrosonography. Methods: Five hundred and thirteen patient who take a medical examination enrolled this study. All patients do the FFQ for measuring the amount of carbohydrate and simple sugar in diet. We measured the BMI (height and weight), abdomen ultrasonography, AST/ALT, r-GTP, albumin, bilirubin, glucose and cholesterol level. We categorize the patient according to ultrasonography findings, ALT, and amount of carbohydrate and simple sugar intake. Results: In comparison with the lower one third carbohydrate group (<257 g/day), upper one third carbohydrate group (>307 g/day) shows increased number of elevated serum ALT patients (25.4% to 41.9%, P=0.09). Similarly, upper one third simple sugar consumption group (>60 g/day) have more elevated serum ALT patients compared with lower one third group (<25 g/day) (21.4% to 40.5%, P=0.04). A significant increase of elevated ALT group was observed in upper one third carbohydrate (OR=0.48, P=0.04) and simple sugar consumption group (OR=0.38, P=0.04). NAFLD was established by presence of ultrasonographic findings is significantly increased in upper one third carbohydrate and upper one third simple sugar group in women (OR=0.26, P=0.008). Conclusions: NAFLD and elevated serum ALT patients is increased as more consumption of carbohydrate and simple sugar. Low carbohydrate and low simple sugar diet could improve the NAFLD.
Cho, Sung Hwan,Lee, Dong Ik,Jung, Jae Hun,Kim, Tae Whan IOP Pub 2009 Nanotechnology Vol.20 No.34
<P>Current–voltage (<I>I</I>–<I>V</I>) measurements on Al/fullerene (C<SUB>60</SUB>) molecules embedded in polymethyl methacrylate/Al devices at 300 K showed a current bistability due to the existence of the C<SUB>60</SUB> molecules. The on/off ratio of the current bistability for the memory devices was as large as 10<SUP>3</SUP>. The retention time of the devices was above 2.5 × 10<SUP>4</SUP> s at room temperature, and cycling endurance tests on these devices indicated that the ON and OFF currents showed no degradation until 50 000 cycles. Carrier transport mechanisms for the nonvolatile bistable devices are described on the basis of the <I>I</I>–<I>V</I> experimental and fitting results.</P>
Candida Parapsilosis Spondylodiscitis after Lumbar Discectomy
Cho, Kyun-Gil,Lee, Sun-Ho,Kim, Eun-Sang,Eoh, Whan The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2010 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.47 No.4
Candida is a relatively rare cause of spinal infections that commonly affects immunocompromised patients. A 70-year-old woman, who underwent a lumbar discectomy on L5-S1 two months earlier, was admitted to our department complaining of persistent back and leg pain. Magnetic resonance imaging showed irregular enhancing mass lesion in L5-S1 intervertebral space, suggest of pyogenic discitis with epidural abscess. The surgery was performed via retroperitoneal approach and the infected material at L5-S1 intervertebral space was removed. The histological examination of the specimen revealed chronic inflammation involving the bone and soft tissue, and a culture of the excised material was positive for Candida parapsilosis. The patient received intravenous fluconazole for 4 weeks after surgery and oral fluconazole 400 mg/day for 3 months after surgery. The patient made a full recovery with no symptoms 6 months after surgery. We present a rare case of spondylodiscitis after a lumbar discectomy due to Candida parapsilosis and discuss treatment option with a review of the literatures.
Thermally Stable Photo-Crosslinking Polymers Bearing Cinnamate Groups for Liquid Crystal Alignment
Sung, Oh Hyun,Cho, Seung Hyun,Kim, Whan Gun,Song, Ki Gook,Paek, Sang Hyon,Lee, Jun Young Wiley - VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA 2007 Macromolecular Symposia Vol.249 No.-
<P>Optically ansiotropic photo-crosslinking polymers were synthesized through reaction between different kinds of epoxy resins and cinnamic acids. Optical anisotropy of the polymer film exposed to linearly polarized UV light (LPUVL) was confirmed from the polarized UV-Visible spectra. The polymer films irradiated by LPUVL showed anisotropic absorbance in the polarized UV-Visible spectra, while the polymer irradiated by unpolarized UV exhibited isotropic absorbance. It was also confirmed that the polymer film exposed to LPUVL could align liquid crystals (LC). LC cell fabricated using the polymer films irradiated by LPUVL showed the anisotropic polar diagram, implying that the polymer films may be applied as the photoalignment layer for LC display.</P>
Cho Hyungjoon,Cho Yongwon,Shim Jaemin,Choi Jong-Il,Kim Young-Hoon,Oh Yu-Whan,Hwang Sung Ho 대한영상의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.22 No.4
Objective: To assess the effect of left atrial appendage (LAA) isolation on LAA emptying and left atrial (LA) function using cardiac MRI in patients who underwent successful catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 84 patients (mean age, 59 ± 10 years; 67 males) who underwent cardiac MRI after successful catheter ablation of AF. According to the electrical activity of LAA after catheter ablation, patients showed either LAA isolation or LAA normal activity. The LAA emptying phase (LAA-EP, in the systolic phase [SP] or diastolic phase), LAA emptying flux (LAA-EF, mL/s), and LA ejection fraction (LAEF, %) were evaluated by cardiac MRI. Results: Of the 84 patients, 61 (73%) and 23 (27%) patients showed LAA normal activity and LAA isolation, respectively. Incidence of LAA emptying in SP was significantly higher in LAA isolation (91% vs. 0%, p < 0.001) than in LAA normal activation. LAA-EF was significantly lower in LAA isolation (40.1 ± 16.2 mL/s vs. 80.2 ± 25.1 mL/s, p < 0.001) than in LAA normal activity. Furthermore, LAEF was significantly lower in LAA isolation (23.7% ± 11.2% vs. 31.1% ± 16.6%, p = 0.04) than in LAA normal activity. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the LAA-EP was independent from LAEF (p = 0.01). Conclusion: LAA emptying in SP may be a critical characteristic of LAA isolation, and it may adversely affect the LAEF after catheter ablation of AF.
( Sang Won Yoon ),( Jaeyoung Cho ),( Jinwoo Lee ),( Young Sik Park ),( Chang-hoon Lee ),( Sang-min Lee ),( Chul-gyu Yoo ),( Young Whan Kim ),( Sung Koo Han ),( Sun Mi Choi ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-
Introduction: In 2016, a new conceptual framework, acute respiratory deterioration (ARD), in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is proposed. ARD includes both acute exacerbation (AE) and respiratory related hospitalization, expected to be important prognostic events in IPF patients. However, there has been limited research on ARD. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of ARD, especially occurred in early period from diagnosis of IPF. Method: We analyzed electrical medical records of patients with IPF diagnosed at a tertiary university hospital from December 2002 to September 2015. The Early ARD group was defined as patients experienced ARD within 1 year after diagnosis of IPF, and those having not were defined as non ARD group. Result: Total 579 of IPF patients were included in the study, and 60 patients (10.4%) were classified as the early ARD group. The median follow up period was 1.70±1.81 years in early ARD group, and 5.13±3.27 years in the non ARD group. Patients in early ARD group were more male, (OR: 1.319, 95% CI: 1.225-1.421, p<0.001), older (OR: 1.050, 95% CI: 1.039-1.062, p<0.001), have lower FVC and DLCo at the time of diagnosis (OR: 0.992, 95% CI: 0.987-0.998, p=0.007 and OR: 0.993, 95% CI: 0.988-0.998, p=0.01, respectively) in the multivariable analysis. Early ARD was associated with higher mortality (HR:3.4895, 95% CI: 2.529-4.782, p<0.001). The subgroup of ARD was Acute exacerbation ARD (28.3%), parenchymal ARD (49.2%), non-parenchymal ARD (9.2%), subacute ARD (13.3%), respectively. Among ARD, AE was associated with the worst prognosis (HR: 16.384, 95% CI: 5.641-47.591, p<0.001). Conclusion: Risk factors of early ARD were male gender, older age, low FVC and DLCo at baseline in patient with IPF. Early ARD was significantly associated with lower survival in patients with IPF.