Biosequestration of Carbon Dioxide Using a Silicified Carbonic Anhydrase Catalyst

Liang-Jung Chien,수레쉬쿠마,Hsiao-Hsin Hsieh,Jui-Lung Wang 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.3

Using recombinant DNA technology, we constructed a dual fusion gene expression plasmid,pRCAH-30, encoding carbonic anhydrase (CA) from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, an R5 peptide sequence, and an affinity (His)6 tag, to allow the simultaneous purification and immobilization of the encoded fusion enzyme, termed RCAH. The expressed fusion protein was approximately 30 kDa, and could be rapidly purified using affinity resins. To enhance enzyme activity,the R5 peptide facilitated immobilization by means of silicification with tetramethoxysilane; the aggregated particles were approximately 300 nm in diameter. Activity tests revealed that the enzyme functioned optimally between pH 7.0 and 7.5; maximum stability was achieved between 25and 45oC, at pH 6.0 ~ 8.0. Activity of the fusion enzyme persisted, even after encapsulation by biomimetic silicification. In fact, silicone embedding stabilized the enzyme structure, thereby increasing its stability and reusability rate under different environmental conditions. In addition, the silicified enzyme reduced waste CO2 gas from 800 to 42 ppm, resulting in a gas capture rate of 94.7% after conversion. Thus, the construct developed in this study can be effectively utilized for the sequestration of industrial waste CO2 gas.

Design of the Multiple-rate Robust Controller for Wireless Networked Control Systems

Chien-Liang Lai,Pau-Lo Hsu 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10

This paper integrates the IEEE 802.11g ad-hoc wireless network and the control area network (CAN) in the present network control systems (NCS) or wireless-NCS (WNCS). Both the TCP and the CAN protocols are adopted as the communication gateway in a remote control system. The time delay between the application layer of the client and the application layer of the remote control target has been measured and analyzed in this paper. Experimental results on an AC 400W servo motor indicate that the communication jam mainly causes the instability due to the induced time delay. In this paper, by applying the adaptive Smith predictor with the switching sampling time, satisfactory control performance of WNCS can be obtained even though the time delay seriously increases. Moreover, the feasibility of the proposed WNCS has been proven through experimental results.

Doxorubicin Promotes Migration and Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells through the Upregulation of the RhoA/MLC Pathway

Chien-Liang Liu,Ming-Jen Chen,Jiunn-Chang Lin,Chi-Hsin Lin,Wen-Chien Huang,Shih-Ping Cheng,Shan-Na Chen,Yuan-Ching Chang 한국유방암학회 2019 Journal of breast cancer Vol.22 No.2

Purpose: Cancer cells develop acquired resistance induced by chemotherapeutic drugs. In this study, we investigated the effects of brief treatment with cytotoxic drugs on the phenotype of breast cancer cells. Methods: Breast cancer cells MCF7 and BT-474 were briefly treated with paclitaxel or doxorubicin. Clonogenic, migration, and invasion assays were performed on the treated cells. Western blot analysis and RhoA activity assay were also performed. Results: Breast cancer cells when briefly treated with paclitaxel or doxorubicin showed reduced clonogenic ability. Doxorubicin, but not paclitaxel, augmented cell migration and invasion. The invasion-promoting effects of doxorubicin were lost when the two drugs were sequentially used in combination. Myosin light chain (MLC) 2 phosphorylation and RhoA activity were upregulated by doxorubicin and downregulated by paclitaxel. Pretreatment with RhoA inhibitors abolished the migration- and invasion-promoting effects of doxorubicin. Conclusion: Doxorubicin activates the RhoA/MLC pathway and enhances breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Therefore, this pathway might be explored as a therapeutic target to suppress anthracycline-enhanced tumor progression.

Angelica dahurica attenuates melanogenesis in B16F0 cells by repressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling

Fang Chien-Liang,Goswami Debakshee,Kuo Chia-Hua,Day Cecilia Hsuan,Lin Mei-Yi,Ho Tsung-Jung,Yang Liang-Yo,Hsieh Dennis Jine-Yuan,Lin Tzu-Kai,Huang Chih-Yang 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2023 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.19 No.1

Background Melanogenesis is a complex process which is tightly regulated by several enzymes. However, abnormal melanogenesis can cause severe dermatological problems. Roots of Angelica dahurica have been used for skin care as a part of traditional Chinese medicine for many generations. However, the role of A. dahurica in melanogenesis remains unclear. Objective Previous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that NK-1R exerts positive effects in melanogenesis via the Wnt/βcatenin signaling pathway. In this study, we investigated the effects of A. dahurica ethanol extract (ADE) on NK-1R and Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and evaluated the effect of NK-1R on melanogenesis in B16F0 cells. Results Angelica dahurica ethanol extract efficiently downregulated Neurokinin-1 receptor and Wnt/β-catenin signaling by decreasing the expression of β-catenin, MITF, LEF-1, TYR, TRP1, and TRP2 and increasing the expression of GSK3β, which resulted from the weakened expression of the Neurokinin-1 receptor inhibitor [Sar9,Met(O2 )11]-Substance P (SMSP). Furthermore, the intracellular melanin assay and cellular tyrosinase activity confirmed these findings. Conclusion This study suggests that ADE has potential to downregulate Neurokinin-1 receptor in SMSP-induced B16F0 cells, thereby repressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling and reduces melanin production.

A Ball Valve Micro-Pump Based on Axially Symmetrical Nozzle Fabricated by Excimer Laser Micromachining Technology

Hung-Liang Chien,이영정 한국정밀공학회 2017 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.18 No.10

This paper presents a new type of ball valve micro-pumps with much simplified structure design and excellent performance. The key element in this micro-pump is a pair of ball valves implemented by confining a micro-ball within a nozzle. The nozzles are axially symmetrical with a specifically designed profile and are directly fabricated using excimer laser micromachining approaches. The ball valves are integrated with a flow chamber, an electromagnetically actuated PDMS membrane, and a coil. When passing an alternative current (AC) through the coil, the flow chamber is actuated to pump fluid flowing along one direction which is controlled by the ball valves. The performance of the proposed micro-pump is evaluated using an AC voltage in the range of 2-6 V and a frequency of 10- 70 Hz. Experimental results show that a maximum flow rate of 389 μL/min and a maximum back pressure of 423 mm-H2O are achieved. It offers a low-cost, simple, and effective solution for a wide range of microfluidic pumping applications.

Low Gate Leakage Current HFET Structure Fabricated by Using a Step-free Airbridge Gate Process

Feng-Tso Chien,Chien-Liang Chan,Chi-Ling Wang,Chien-Nan Liao,Yao-Tsung Tsai,Hsien-Chin Chiu 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.56 No.3

Conventional heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFETs) have a high gate leakage current due to the gate electrode being in contact with the exposed channel layer and with the carrier-providing layer on the mesa sidewall. In this study, we use a new step-free (SF) air-bridge gate structure to reduce the gate leakage and improve the breakdown voltage. The proposed structure does not increase any MASKs as compared with the conventional process. In addition, this new structure promises a gate-source capacitance smaller than those of conventional heterostructure FET devices. Consequently, the high-frequency performance of the HFETs using the proposed structure can be improved.

Poster Session : PS 0150 ; Neurology : Increased Risk of Fracture and Post-Fracture Adverse Events in Patients with Parkinson`s Disease: Two Nationwide Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Studies

( Chien Chang Liao ),( Ta Liang Chen ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: The relationship between Parkinson`s disease (PD) and fracture is not completely understood. This study evaluated fracture risk and post-fracture mortality in patients with diabetes. Methods: We identifi ed 1624 adults aged 40 years and older newly diagnosed with PD in 2000-2003 using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Comparison cohort consisted of 6496 adults without PD randomly selected from the same dataset, frequency matched by age and sex. Events of fracture in 2000-2008 were ascertained from medical claims. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of fracture associated with PD was calculated. Another nested cohort study consisting of 397,766 patients with fracture admission between 2004 and 2010 calculated the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs of adverse events after fracture in patients with and without PD. Results: During 51,287 person-years of follow-up, there were 1402 newly diagnosed fracture cases. The incidences of fracture for people with diabetes and without diabetes were 40.4 and 24.1 per 1000 person-years, respectively (P < 0.0001). Compared with people without PD, the adjusted HR of fracture was 1.96 (95% CI 1.74-2.21) for people with PD. The ORs of post-fracture urinary tract infection, pneumonia, septicemia, stroke, and mortality associated with PD were 1.61 (95% CI 1.54-1.69), 1.48 (95% CI 1.40-1.56), 1.45 (95% CI 1.37-1.54), 1.50 (95% CI 1.41-1.60), and 1.27 (95% CI 1.18-1.38), respectively. Conclusions: PD was associated with fracture. Patients with PD had more adverse events and subsequent mortality after fracture. Prevention of fracture and post-fracture adverse events is needed in this susceptible population.

Design and Implementation of a Two-Switch Buck-Boost Typed Inverter with Universal and High-Efficiency Features

Chien-Hsuan Chang,Chun-An Cheng,En-Chih Chang,Hung-Liang Cheng 전력전자학회 2015 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2015 No.6

A typical photovoltaic (PV) grid-connection power system is usually consisted of multi-stage converters to perform multiple functions simultaneously. In order to simplify system configuration, reduce cost, and improve conversion efficiency, this paper proposes to adopt two-switch buck-boost (TSBB) dc-dc converters, and then develops families of buck-boost typed inverters via the connection with an H-bridge unfolding circuit with linecommuted operation. The proposed inverters have both step-up and step-down functions so that they are suitable for the applications with wide voltage-variation range. Depending on the conditions of dc input-voltage and ac output-voltage, the proposed circuits can work functionally as either buck-typed or boost-typed inverter. Due to operating with buck or boost principle, partial energy can be directly delivered to output to improve efficiency. Besides, since only one power switch operates with high-frequency, switching losses can be reduced significantly. Finally, one of the proposed TSBB inverters, named buck-cascaded buck-boost (BuCBB) inverter, is then implemented accordingly to generate 110 Vrms / 60 Hz output voltage. Experimental results have verified the validity of theoretical predictions and the feasibility of proposed inverters.

The Korean Society of Gastroenterology & SIDDS 2037 : Slide Session ; S-LI-02 : Liver ; Postoperative Adverse Outcomes after Non-Hepatic Surgery in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Nationwide Cohort Study

( Chien Chang Liao ),( Ta Liang Chen ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Postoperative adverse outcomes in patients with liver cirrhosis are not completely understood. This study evaluated the association between liver cirrhosisand adverse outcomes after non-hepatic surgery. Methods: Reimbursement claims were used to identify patients with preoperative liver cirrhosis who underwent non-hepatic surgery from 2004 to 2007. Control patients without cirrhosis were matched by age, sex, type of surgery and anaesthesia. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confi dence intervals (CI) of postoperative adverse events associated with liver cirrhosis were analysed by multivariable logistic regression. Results: Thirty-day mortality rates among 24282 patients with cirrhosis and 97128 control patients were 1.2% (299 deaths) and 0.7% (635 deaths), respectively. Liver cirrhosis was associated with postoperative 30-day mortality (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.63- 2.16), acute renal failure (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.34-1.74), septicaemia (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.33-1.51) and intensive care unit admission (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.33-1.45). Postoperative mortality increased in patients who had liver cirrhosis with viral hepatitis (OR 2.87, 95% CI 1.55-5.30), alcohol dependence syndrome (OR 3.74, 95% CI 2.64-5.31), jaundice (OR 5.47, 95% CI 3.77-7.93), ascites (OR 5.85, 95% CI 4.62-7.41), gastrointestinal haemorrhage (OR 3.01, 95% CI 2.33-3.90) and hepatic coma (OR 5.11, 95% CI 3.79-6.87). Conclusions: Patients with liver cirrhosis had increased mortality and complications after non-hepatic surgery, particularly those with cirrhosis-related clinical indicators.

Poster Session : PS 0435 ; Infectious Disease ; Adverse Outcomes after Major Surgery in HIV-Infected Patients: A Nationwide Matched Cohort Study

( Chien Chang Liao ),( Ta Liang Chen ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Patients with infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were known to have a higher risk of complications during hospitalization. However, the association between HIV-infection and postoperative adverse events were not completely understood. Methods: We conducted a population-based study in 2566 HIV-infected patients and 10,264 non-HIV controls receiving major surgery from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database in 2004 and 2010. Propensity-score methods were used to construct a matched-pairs cohort that reduced important baseline differences between patients who with and without HIV infection. Adjusted rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confi dence intervals (CIs) of major postoperative complications and 30-day mortality were evaluated among HIV-infected patients with different severity in the multivariable logistic regressions. Results: After the adjustment, HIV-infected patients had higher risks of postoperative pneumonia (RR 1.66; 95% CI 1.25-2.20), septicemia (RR 1.32; 95% CI 1.08-1.62), acute renal failure (RR 2.15; 95% CI 1.27-3.66), surgical site infection (RR 1.59; 95% CI 1.38-1.82) and overall complications (RR 1.46; 95% CI 1.31-1.61). Compared with surgical patients without HIV infection, HIV-infected patients had increased 30-day postoperative mortality (RR 2.71; 95% CI 1.82-4.05), particularly in those with viral hepatitis (RR 4.14; 95% CI 2.23-7.70), pulmonary tuberculosis (RR 11.1; 95% CI 3.39- 36.4), diabetes (RR 6.20; 95% CI 2.11-18.2), preoperative HIV-related hospitalization (RR 3.70; 95% CI 2.38-5.74), opportunistic infection (RR 6.31; 95% CI 3.50-11.4) and highly active antiretroviral therapy (RR 4.14; 95% CI 2.34-7.33). Conclusions: HIV-infected patients showed signifi cantly higher postoperative adverse outcome rates with risk of 30-day mortality nearly fi vefold when compared with patients without HIV infection. Our fi ndings suggest the urgency revising the protocol of postoperative care for this specifi c population.