The hypothetical cuticular protein, CPH19, is involved in cuticle formation during molt of silkworm Bombyx mori

Zhao Chenyue,Huang Qunxia,Qian Yuxin,Zhao Xuhui,Guo Shigang,Kan Yunchao,Li Dandan 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.3

The cuticle supports the insect body and serves as a protective barrier against pathogens and pesticides. We found that the gene CPH19, encoding the hypothetical cuticular protein 19 (CPH19) of the silkworm Bombyx mori, was highly expressed in the cuticle during larval molt. Injection of CPH19 double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into the hemolymph of 2-day-old third instar larvae (2dLa3) accelerated insect molting at the La3-La4 and La4-La5 transitions. Nevertheless, the larvae injected with CPH19 dsRNA had difficulty shedding their cuticle and suffered from molt defects, and their exuviae were larger and heavier than those of the control group. Morphological comparison of the exuviae between CPH19 dsRNA-injected and control larvae showed that the exocuticle-endocuticle layer was thicker in the former. The effect of CPH19 dsRNA injection on gene expression was further investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase-chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Surprisingly, the mRNA levels of CPH19 and other CP genes such as CPH18, CPH20, CPR69, CPR96, CPR97, CPR98 and CPR100, as well as chitinase genes such as chs-2 and chsA, were significantly increased in the CPH19 dsRNA-injected insects compared to the control. Bioinformatic predictions and luciferase assay analyses identified a proximal promoter near the transcription start site of CPH19 with strong transcriptional activity that may be involved in an RNAbased promoter targeting mechanism mediated by small activating RNAs (saRNAs). Treatment with the insec ticide decamethrin revealed that CPH19 dsRNA-injected larvae were more resistant to insecticides than control larvae, which could be exploited for the development of new pest control strategies.

Bacterial Cellulose Immobilized S. cerevisiae as Microbial Sensor for Rapid BOD Detection

Chenyu Zhao,Guangshu Wang,Mengtao Sun,Zewei Cai,Zichu Yin,Yurong Cai 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.5

As one of the most important parameters to characterize the organic pollution of water, biochemical oxygendemand (BOD) determined through a rapid, in situ and on line method is very attractive. In this paper, a new BOD biosensorhas been developed, which are composed of the ecofriendly precursor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) embeddedin bacterial cellulose (BC) matrix and the Ketjen Black (KB) modified glassy-carbon electrode. Furthermore, a doublemediatorsystem is constructed using potassium ferricyanide and menadione in reaction cell to transfer electron from themicrobe to electrode. The responses of glucose glutamic acid (GGA) standard solutions are amperomertrically measured withan applied potential of 0.25 V versus Hg/Hg2Cl2 in a three-electrode system. Under the optimum conditions, the (BC/S. cerevisiae-menadione)/KB modified electrode shows a high operational stability with relative standard deviation (RSD) of4.16 % (fourteen assays), a good repeatability (RSD=3.10 %), a fast response time (in 20 minutes) and a wide linear range(from 10-220 mg O2 l-1). The BOD values measured by this method have been highly correlated with the standard BOD 5-daymethod for wastewater samples (R2=0.9859, n=3), indicating that it can meet the requirement of BOD rapid measurement.

Simulation Research of Interference Magnetic Field Compensation Method on the Underwater Vehicle

Zhao Ta,Chenyu Wei,Zhouzhi Jian,Chengde Fu 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.4

It is one of the most difficult issues for underwater vehicle to accurately compensate the interference magnetic field elements in automatic navigation.The theory of geomagnetic navigation on underwater magnetic vehicle is complicated and the development of interference magnetic field compensation system is difficult, so in order to reserch the compensation method easily and effectively,it is a important way for using the finite element software on the computer to complete the modeling and simulation. In this paper, the space distribution characteristics of magnetic field around the vehicle are analyzed and the vector compensation mathematical model of interference magnetic field is established.At last, the feasibility of compensation method is testified by an united simulation system composed of Comsol Multiphysics and Matlab which is developed using the secondary development technology of software. The results show that the united simulation system can be convenient to complete the modeling and simulation of compensation method, not only accomplishing a magnetic field characteristic analysis and numerical calculation function, but also the simulation precision of compensation results is very high.

Performance study of g-C3N4/carbon black/BiOBr@Ti3C2/MoS2 photocatalytic fuel cell for the synergistic degradation of different types of pollutants

Guo Huilin,Yu Tingting,Zhao Lei,Qian Jun,Yu Jiahe,Zhang Yu,Teng Yongyue,Zhu Chunshui,Yang Tao,Chen Wenbin,Gong Picheng,Jiang Cuishuang,Gao Changfei,Yang Bing,Yang Chenyu 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.3

In this study, a bipolar visible light responsive photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) was constructed by loading a Z-scheme g-C3N4/carbon black/BiOBr and a Ti3C2/MoS2 Schottky heterojunction on the carbon brush to prepare the photoanode and photocathode, respectively. It greatly improved the electron transfer and achieved efficient degradation of organic pollutants such as antibiotics and dyes simultaneously in two chambers of the PFC system. The Z-scheme g-C3N4/carbon black/BiOBr formed by adding highly conductive carbon black to g-C3N4/BiOBr not only effectively separates the photogenerated carriers, but also simultaneously retains the high reduction of the conduction band of g-C3N4 and the high oxidation of the valence band of BiOBr, improving the photocatalytic performance. The exceptional performance of Ti3C2/MoS2 Schottky heterojunction originated from the superior electrical conductivity of Ti3C2 MXene, which facilitated the separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. Meanwhile, the synergistic effect of the two photoelectrodes further improved the photocatalytic performance of the PFC system, with degradation rates of 90.9% and 99.9% for 50 mg L−1 tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) and 50 mg L−1 rhodamine-B (RhB), respectively, within 180 min. In addition, it was found that the PFC also exhibited excellent pollutant degradation rates under dark conditions (79.7%, TCH and 97.9%, RhB). This novel pollutant degradation system is expected to provide a new idea for efficient degradation of multiple pollutant simultaneously even in the dark.

m6A writer gene fl(2)d regulates the metamorphosis of silkworm Bombyx mori

Huang Qunxia,Huo Chunyue,Qian Yuxin,Zhao Chenyue,Cai Zhiyan,Zhang Kun,Zhao Xuhui,Guo Shigang,Kan Yunchao,Li Dandan 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.4

The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most abundant posttranscriptional modifications on RNAs, which is mediated by its effector proteins—writers, readers, and erasers. Female-Lethal(2)D (Fl(2)d) is one of the key writers to stabilize the interaction between another two writers Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) and Methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14). Here with dsRNA transfection, fl(2)d was knocked down in the BmN4 cell lines of silkworm, the expression of 61 genes were significantly increased, and 86 genes were significantly decreased after fl(2)d repression, which encoded proteins related to catalytic, hydrolase activity or in metabolism of nucleic acid. To elucidate the functional role of fl(2)d during silkworm development, dsRNA of which was injected into the hemolymph of the 2-d-old fourth instar larvae, the mounting process of silkworm was delayed, the expression level of genes in metabolism, RNA processing and ecdysone signaling pathway decreased significantly after fl(2)d knockdown, such as genes encoded Ubiquitin protein ligase E3C, the nuclear pore complex protein Nup98-Nup96, and the m6A reader YTHDF3, as well as Broad Complex isoform 2 (BRC-Z2), Fushi Tarazu Factor-1 (FTZ-F1), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the ecdysone-induced protein 74EF isoform A (E74A). Total m6A level of RNAs also decreased after fl(2)d repression. These indicated that decreased level of fl (2)d and YTHDF3 decay the m6A level and translation of their target genes, which might lead to the retardation of metamorphosis, and resulted in the delayed mounting of silkworm.

An energy-efficient hierarchical algorithm of dynamic obstacle avoidance for unmanned surface vehicle

Wang Jiaqi,Li Shixin,Li Boyang,Zhao Chenyu,Cui Ying 대한조선학회 2023 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.15 No.-

Most of the existing studies developed and improved local path planning algorithms independently of global planning, i.e., ignoring the global optimal constrains. To meet the requirements of practical applications, this paper presented an energy-efficient hierarchical collision avoidance algorithm for unmanned surface vehicle operating in clustered dynamic environments. For the global level, genetic algorithm was modified by strategies of greedy-inspired population initialization, penalty-based multiobjective fitness function, and joint crossover. For the local level, velocity obstacle was combined with dynamic window approach to provide the kinematic constraints of the vehicle to its admissible velocities and simplified collision avoidance rules to guide the evasive maneuvers. Simulations showed that the proposed global algorithm was superior to three other algorithms in terms of path length, path smoothness, and convergence speed regardless of the environment size. The performance of the local algorithm was also verified for various encounter scenarios and speed ratios. In addition, the combination of the global and local planning can effectively solve the path optimization and dynamic obstacle avoidance in a designed offshore environment of fish cage culture.

Potent antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of TICbf-14, a peptide with increased stability against trypsin

Wang Liping,Liu Xiaoyun,Ye Xinyue,Zhou Chenyu,Zhao Wenxuan,Zhou Changlin,Ma Lingman 한국미생물학회 2022 The journal of microbiology Vol.60 No.1

The poor stability of peptides against trypsin largely limits their development as potential antibacterial agents. Here, to obtain a peptide with increased trypsin stability and potent antibacterial activity, TICbf-14 derived from the cationic peptide Cbf-14 was designed by the addition of disulfide-bridged hendecapeptide (CWTKSIPPKPC) loop. Subsequently, the trypsin stability and antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of this peptide were evaluated. The possible mechanisms underlying its mode of action were also clarified. The results showed that TICbf-14 exhibited elevated trypsin inhibitory activity and effectively mitigated lung histopathological damage in bacteria-infected mice by reducing the bacterial counts, further inhibiting the systemic dissemination of bacteria and host inflammation. Additionally, TICbf-14 significantly repressed bacterial swimming motility and notably inhibited biofilm formation. Considering the mode of action, we observed that TICbf-14 exhibited a potent membrane-disruptive mechanism, which was attributable to its destructive effect on ionic bridges between divalent cations and LPS of the bacterial membrane. Overall, TICbf-14, a bifunctional peptide with both antimicrobial and trypsin inhibitory activity, is highly likely to become an ideal candidate for drug development against bacteria.

RNA m5C modification upregulates E2F1 expression in a manner dependent on YBX1 phase separation and promotes tumor progression in ovarian cancer

Liu Xiaoyi,Wei Qinglv,Yang Chenyue,Zhao Hongyan,Xu Jie,Mobet Youchaou,Luo Qingya,Yang Dan,Zuo Xinzhao,Chen Ningxuan,Yang Yu,Li Li,Wang Wei,Yu Jianhua,Xu Jing,Liu Tao,Yi Ping 생화학분자생물학회 2024 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.56 No.-

5-Methylcytosine (m5C) is a common RNA modification that modulates gene expression at the posttranscriptional level, but the crosstalk between m5C RNA modification and biomolecule condensation, as well as transcription factor-mediated transcriptional regulation, in ovarian cancer, is poorly understood. In this study, we revealed that the RNA methyltransferase NSUN2 facilitates mRNA m5C modification and forms a positive feedback regulatory loop with the transcription factor E2F1 in ovarian cancer. Specifically, NSUN2 promotes m5C modification of E2F1 mRNA and increases its stability, and E2F1 binds to the NSUN2 promoter, subsequently reciprocally activating NSUN2 transcription. The RNA binding protein YBX1 functions as the m5C reader and is involved in NSUN2-mediated E2F1 regulation. m5C modification promotes YBX1 phase separation, which upregulates E2F1 expression. In ovarian cancer, NSUN2 and YBX1 are amplified and upregulated, and higher expression of NSUN2 and YBX1 predicts a worse prognosis for ovarian cancer patients. Moreover, E2F1 transcriptionally regulates the expression of the oncogenes MYBL2 and RAD54L, driving ovarian cancer progression. Thus, our study delineates a NSUN2-E2F1-NSUN2 loop regulated by m5C modification in a manner dependent on YBX1 phase separation, and this previously unidentified pathway could be a promising target for ovarian cancer treatment.

miR-195/miR-497 Regulate CD274 Expression of Immune Regulatory Ligands in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Lianzhou Yang,Yuchen Cai,Dongsheng Zhang,Jian Sun,Chenyu Xu,Wenli Zhao,Wenqi Jiang,Chunhua Pan 한국유방암학회 2018 Journal of breast cancer Vol.21 No.4

Purpose: Immune suppression is common in patients with advanced breast cancer but the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have not been sufficiently studied. In this study, we aimed to identify B7 family members that were able to predict the immune status of patients, and which may serve as potential targets for the treatment of breast cancer. We also aimed to identify microRNAs that may regulate the expression of B7 family members. Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas data from 1,092 patients with breast cancer, including gene expression, microRNA expression and survival data, were used for statistical and survival analyses. Polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were used to measure messenger RNA and protein expression, respectively. Luciferase assay was used to investigate direct microRNA target. Results: Bioinformatic analysis predicted that microRNA (miR)-93, miR-195, miR-497, and miR-340 are potential regulators of the immune evasion of breast cancer cells, and that they exert this function by targeting CD274, PDCD1LG2, and NCR3LG1. We chose CD274 for further investigations. We found that miR-195, miR-497, and CD274 expression levels were inversely correlated in MDA-MB-231 cells, and miR-195 and miR-497 expressions mimic inhibited CD274 expression in vitro. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that miR-195 and miR-497 directly target CD274 3´ untranslated region. Conclusion: Our data indicated that the level of B7 family members can predict the prognosis of breast cancer patients, and miR-195/miR-497 regulate CD274 expression in triple negative breast cancer. This regulation may further influence tumor progression and the immune tolerance mechanism in breast cancer and may be able to predict the effect of immunotherapy on patients.