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최재욱(Choi, Jaewook),정은빈(Jeong, Eunbeen),박성표(Park, Sungpyo),김태완(Kim, Tae-Wan),이찬식(Lee, Chansik) 대한건축학회 2019 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.39 No.2
As apartments built to address overcrowding in the Seoul metropolitan area have become dilapidated, the housing performance has been reduced and the shortage of parking lots has become more serious. Parking lots can be secured by remodeling, but there are not enough cases. The study aims to develop WBS for expansion of underground parking lots, drawing detailed work to calculate construction costs. The derived WBSs were applied to the case complex and analyzed. As a result, 12 activities were derived for Alternative 1(extended after its existence) and 24 activities for Alternative 2(extended after demolition).
Park, Jong-Il,Park, Chansik 항법시스템학회 2020 Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Vol.9 No.4
In this paper, an efficient signal tracking method to simultaneously track both GPS L1 C/A and Galileo E1B CBOC(6,1,1/11) using a low cost GPU is proposed. In the existing method that each GNSS signal is processed within 1 ms, more than 2 ms processing time is required in GPU to process 4 ms CBOC signal. It means that real time operation is possible if only Galileo E1B CBOC signal is concerned. But when both GPS C/A and Galileo CBOC is required, it cannot process GPS C/A signal in real time. To process 1 ms GPS C/A and 4 ms Galileo CBOC signal in real time, 4 ms Galileo CBOC signal is divided into 4 by 1 ms signal block in the proposed method. Specially, a buffer that simultaneously manages 1 ms and 4 ms signals is designed. In addition, a module that accumulates the 1 ms correlation value of the Galileo CBOC by 4 ms and passes it to the PLL and DLL is implemented. The operation and performance are evaluated with real measurements in the GPU based SDR. The experimental results show that tracking of more than 16 satellites of GPS C/A and Galileo E1B is possible using the proposed method.
An Efficient Positioning Method for Multi-GNSS with Multi-SBAS
Park, Kwi Woo,Cho, MinGyou,Park, Chansik The Institute of Positioning 2018 Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Vol.7 No.4
The current SBAS service does not provide a method to integrate multiple SBAS corrections. This paper proposes a positioning method to effectively integrate multiple SBAS and multiple GNSS. In the method, the final position is obtained by the weighted sum of the positions obtained from the combination of GNSS and SBAS. Since each position is independently computed and combined using flexible weights, it has a simple structure that can easily cope with various environments. In order to verify the operation and performance of the proposed method, raw measurements of GNSS and SBAS were collected using commercial receivers. The experiments using real signals show that the combined use of two SBAS corrections was more accurate by 0.05~0.4m(2dRMS) than using only one SBAS correction. To improve the position accuracy, this paper considered the integration of multi-GNSS and multi-SBAS, which was not found in other existing studies. The proposed method is expected to be a core technology for designing multi-GNSS navigation receivers considering multi-SBAS corrections. The importance of the method will be increased as KPS and KASS also available in near future.
Park, Kwi Woo,Chae, Jeong Geun,Song, Se Phil,Son, Seok Bo,Choi, Seungho,Park, Chansik The Institute of Positioning 2017 Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Vol.6 No.1
In this study, to design a multi-GNSS receiver using single RF front-end, the receiving performances for various frequency plans were evaluated. For the fair evaluation and comparison of different frequency plans, the same signal needs to be received at the same time. For this purpose, two synchronized RF front-ends were configured using USRP X310, and PC-based software was implemented so that the quality of the digital IF signal received at each front-end could be evaluated. The software consisted of USRP control, signal reception, signal acquisition, signal tracking, and C/N0 estimation function. Using the implemented software and USRP-based hardware, the signal receiving performances for various frequency plans, such as the signal attenuation status, overlapping of different systems, and the use of imaginary or real signal, were evaluated based on the C/N0 value. The results of the receiving performance measurement for the various frequency plans suggested in this study would be useful reference data for the design of a multi-GNSS receiver in the future.
Park, Sang Eun,Song, Ji Hoon,Hong, Chansik,Kim, Dong Eun,Sul, Jee-Won,Kim, Tae-Youn,Seo, Bo-Ra,So, Insuk,Kim, Sang-Yeob,Bae, Dong-Jun,Park, Mi-Ha,Lim, Hye Min,Baek, In-Jeoung,Riccio, Antonio,Lee, Joo- Springer US 2019 Molecular Neurobiology Vol.56 No.4
<P>Oxidative stress is a key mediator of neuronal death in acute brain injuries, such as epilepsy, trauma, and stroke. Although it is accompanied by diverse cellular changes, increases in levels of intracellular zinc ion (Zn<SUP>2+</SUP>) and calcium ion (Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>) may play a critical causative role in oxidative neuronal death. However, the mechanistic link between Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> and Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> dyshomeostasis in neurons during oxidative stress is not well-understood. Here, we show that the exposure of cortical neurons to H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> led to a zinc-triggered calcium influx, which resulted in neuronal death. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, NU6027, inhibited H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>-induced Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> increases and subsequent cell death in cortical neurons, without affecting the early increase in Zn<SUP>2+</SUP>. Therefore, we attempted to identify the zinc-regulated Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> pathway that was inhibited by NU6027. The expression profile in cortical neurons identified transient receptor potential cation channel 5 (TRPC5) as a candidate that is known to involve in the generation of epileptiform burst firing and epileptic neuronal death (Phelan KD et al. 2012a; Phelan KD et al. 2013b). NU6027 inhibited basal and zinc-augmented TRPC5 currents in TRPC5-overexpressing HEK293 cells. Consistently, cortical neurons from TRPC5 knockout mice were highly resistant to H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>-induced death. Moreover, NU6027 is neuroprotective in kainate-treated epileptic rats. Our results demonstrate that TRPC5 is a novel therapeutic target against oxidative neuronal injury in prolonged seizures and that NU6027 is a potent inhibitor of TRPC5.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (10.1007/s12035-018-1258-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>
Implementation of Vehicle Navigation System using GNSS, INS, Odometer and Barometer
Park, Jungi,Lee, DongSun,Park, Chansik The Institute of Positioning 2015 Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Vol.4 No.3
In this study, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) / Inertial Navigation System (INS) / odometer / barometer integrated navigation system that uses a commercial navigation device including Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) accelerometer and gyroscope in addition to GNSS, odometer information obtained from a vehicle, and a separate MEMS barometer sensor was implemented, and the performance was verified. In the case of GNSS and GNSS/INS integrated navigation system that are generally used in a navigation device, the performance would deteriorate in areas where GNSS signals are not available. Therefore, an integrated navigation system that calculates a better navigation solution in areas where GNSS signals are not available compared to general GNSS/INS by correcting the velocity error of GNSS/INS using an odometer and by correcting the cumulative altitude error of GNSS/INS using a barometer was suggested. To verify the performance of the navigation system, a commercial navigation device (Softman, Hyundai Mnsoft, http://www.hyundai-mnsoft.com) and a barometer sensor (ST Company) were installed at a vehicle, and an actual driving test was performed. To examine the performance of the algorithm, the navigation solutions of general GNSS/INS and the GNSS/INS/odometer/barometer integrated navigation system were compared in an area where GNSS signals are not available. As a result, a navigation solution that has a smaller position error than that of GNSS/INS could be obtained in the area where GNSS signals are not available.
Park, Sul Gee,Cho, Deuk Jae,Park, Chansik The Institute of Positioning 2012 Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Vol.1 No.1
Due to inaccurate safe navigation estimates, maritime accidents have been occurring consistently. In order to solve this, the precise positioning technology using carrier phase information is used, but due to high buildings near inland waterways or inclination, satellite signals might become weak or blocked for some time. Under this weak signal environment for some time, the GPS raw measurements become less accurate so that it is difficult to search and maintain the integer ambiguity of carrier phase. In this paper, a method to generate code and carrier phase measurements under this environment and maintain resilient navigation is proposed. In the weak signal environment, the position of the receiver is estimated using an inertial sensor, and with this information, the distance between the satellite and the receiver is calculated to generate code measurements using IGS product and model. And, the carrier phase measurements are generated based on the statistics for generating fractional phase. In order to verify the performance of the proposed method, the proposed method was compared for a fixed blocked time. It was confirmed that in case of a weak or blocked satellite signals for 1 to 5 minutes, the proposed method showed more improved results than the inertial navigation only, maintaining stable positioning accuracy within 1 m.
Error Analysis of 3-Dimensional GPS Attitude Determination System
Chansik Park,Deuk Jae Cho,Eun Jong Cha,Dong-Hwan Hwang,Sang-Jeong Lee 대한전기학회 2006 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.4 No.4
In this paper, the error investigation of a 3-dimensional GPS attitude determination system using the error covariance analysis is given. New efficient formulas for computing the Euler Angle Dilution of Precision (EADOP) are also derived. The formulas are easy to compute and represent the attitude error as a function of the nominal attitude of a vehicle, the baseline configuration and the receiver noise. Using the formula, the accuracy of the Euler angle can be analytically predicted without the use of computer simulations. Applications to some configurations reveal the effectiveness of the proposed method.