Pari.s et défi.s dans la traduction de la poésie

Carmen ANDREI 고려대학교 응용문화연구소 2022 에피스테메 Vol.- No.27

The present article revisits ideas punctually treated in Carmen Andrei, Vers la maîtrise de la traduction littéraire. Vade-mecum théorique et pratique (Galaţi, Galati University Press, 2014), in the chapter entitled ‘Traduire la poésie’ [Translating Poetry], refining them by a case study involving two very different translation versions of the famous prose poem by Charles Baudelaire, Chacun sa chimère, one by Dan Dănilă, and the other an anonymous one found on the internet. My choice is justified beyond the title: the translation of poetry has forever been a challenge to the conscience and the critical spirit of the experts in this particular type of ‘specialised’ discourse, requiring a specific set of skills. It goes without saying that translating poetry means entering an infinitely complex system, in a third language. Meaning retrieval and ‘faithful’ prosodic imitation? Reputedly untranslatable, even impossible since value and truth are intrinsic to it, the translation of poetry puts forth genuine bets and challenges to reveal, and difficulties and dilemmas to surmount. Avoiding standardising, even stigmatising typologies, and making good use of creativity are among the pre-requisites of a good translation of poetry. Dans cet article, je reprends des propos auxquels j’ai réfléchi ponctuellement dans Carmen Andrei, Vers la maîtrise de la traduction littéraire. Vade-mecum théorique et pratique (Galaţi, Galati University Press, 2014), chapitre « Traduire la poésie » en les raffinant par une étude de cas sur deux traductions riches mais surtout différentes du célèbre poème en prose de Charles Baudelaire, Chacun sa chimère, la première appartenant à Dan Dănilă, la seconde, anonyme, puisée sur la Grande Toile. Mon choix se justifie à plus d’un titre : la traduction poétique a longuement travaillé la conscience et l’esprit critique des théoriciens et des praticiens de ce type de discours « spécialisé », de niche ou créneau exigeant une adresse particulière. Il est admis à l’unanimité que traduire la poésie, c’est se placer dans un système infiniment complexe, dans une troisième langue. Restitution du sens et imitation prosodique « fidèles » ? Réputée intraduisible, impossible puisque valeur et vérité lui sont immanente, la traduction poétique lance de vrais paris et défis à relever, des difficultés et des dilemmes à surmonter (garde au nivellement). Eviter les typologies qui standardisent, voire stigmatisent, bien peser la créativité (entre les affres du style flaubertiens et le respect du continu rhythmique meschonniciens) sont parmi les préconditions d’une bonne traduction poétique.

Benign osteoblastoma of the mandible: a case report

María del Carmen Navas-Aparicio(María del Carmen Navas-Aparicio ) 대한구강악안면외과학회 2023 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.49 No.1

Osteoblastoma is a rare benign neoplasm formed by osteoid tissue and well-vascularized bone that occurs mainly in children and adolescents. It appears primarily in the long bones, vertebral column, and small bones of the hands and feet, and not typically in the skull and maxillary bones. The purpose of this study is to present the case of an 8-year-old girl with a diagnosis of right mandibular osteoblastoma and a review of the relevant literature. The goals of treatment were to preserve dental occlusion, masticatory function and facial symmetry while minimizing the effects on patient body image and quality of life. Osteoblastoma, although it is benign, can be aggressive, and its treatment will depend on the timing of diagnosis, size and location. Early diagnosis is essential to avoid not only radical surgery as in the case presented, but also to help minimize the risk of possible relapse and potential malignancy of a benign osteoblastoma.

Evaluation of Limestone -Based Remediation Technique in Sediments Affected by Mining Activities

Carmen Perez-Sirvent,M. Jose Martinez-Sanchez,M.luz Garcia-Lorenzo,Eva Gonzalez,Salvadora Martinez,Victor Perez,Lucia Martinez,Jose Molina,Carmen Hernandez,Jaume Bech,Manuel Hernandez-Cordoba 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Changes in the nutritional composition and antioxidant capacity of chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) during germination process

Marı´a del Carmen Beltra´n-Orozco,Alfonso Martı´nez-Olguı´n,Marı´a del Carmen Robles-Ramı´rez 한국식품과학회 2020 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.29 No.6

This study aimed to evaluate the influence ofgermination on the content of protein, lipids, fiber, ashes,tryptophan, vitamin C, total phenolic and total flavonoidcompounds, as well as on the protein digestibility andantioxidant activity of chia seeds germinated for 1, 2, 3,and 4 days. The results showed that germination for 2 daysaugmented the protein content of chia seeds by 13% whilefiber, tryptophan, total phenolic and flavonoid contentsincreased by 46%, 93%, 300%, and 197%, respectively,after 4 days of germination. Vitamin C was not detected indry seeds but increased up to 2.33 mg/100 g at fourth dayof germination. The antioxidant capacity increasedapproximately 100% but protein digestibility decreased by14% at day 4 of germination. Germination can be a goodmethod to increase the nutritional and nutraceuticalpotential of chia seed for its use in the design of functionalfoods.

Cytotoxic Activity of the Methanolic Extract of Turnera diffusa Willd on Breast Cancer Cells

Marı´a del Carmen Avelino-Flores,Marı´a del Carmen Cruz-Lo´pez,Fabiola E. Jime´nez-Montejo,Julio Reyes-Leyva 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.3

Turnera diffusa Willd, commonly known as Damiana, is employed in traditional medicine as a stimulant, aphrodisiac, and diuretic. Its leaves and stems are used for flavoring and infusion. Damiana is considered to be safe for medicinal use by the FDA. Pharmacological studies have established the hypoglycemic, antiaromatase, prosexual, estrogenic, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity of T. diffusa. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible cytotoxic effect of extracts and organic fractions of this plant on five tumor cell lines (SiHa, C-33, Hep G2, MDA-MB-231, and T-47D) and normal human fibroblasts. The results show that the methanolic extract (TdM) displayed greater activity on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (with an IC50 of 30.67 μg/mL) than on the other cancer cell lines. Four organic fractions of this extract exhibited activity on this cancer cell line. In the most active fraction (F4), two active compounds were isolated, arbutin (1) and apigenin (2). This is the first report of a cytotoxic effect by T. diffusa on cancer cells. The IC50 values suggest that the methanolic extract of T. diffusa has potential as an anticancer therapy

‘AI Speaking with Pets’ : A study on the Satisfaction and Continuous Intention of Pet Owner to use AI speakers : Focusing on Expectation Confirmation Model

Carmen Li 한국소통학회 2022 한국소통학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.06

The Complexities of Transcripts and the Role of Interpreters

Carmen Valero Garces 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 2010 통번역학연구 Vol.14 No.1

전사자료가 (재판, 경찰 도청녹음 전사 등의) 전문 분야의 연구와 특히, 최근 각광받고 있는 공공 서비스로서의 통번역(Public Service Interpreting and Translating, PSIT)에서 차지하는 중요성에도 불구하고 이를 주제한 통번역 분야의 저작은 그리 많지 않다. 그 외에도 연구 목적으로 대화의 전사자료나 문서를 활용하는 (응용 언어학, 제2 외국어 교육, 민족학, 민속방법론, 인류학 등의) 다양한 학문 분야가 있다. 본 논문은 한정된 지면이나마 통번역사의 전사자료 활용에 관한 연구에 기여해 보고자 한다. 본 연구에서 “전사자료”란 원화가 언급한 단어들을 정확히 번역해 놓은 번역본을 지칭한다. 본 연구에서는 먼저 지난 세기 동안 전사자료가 어떻게 활용되었는지에 관해 간략하게 역사적 고찰을 하고, 이후 전사자료 활용 방법에 관한 접근방법을 논의함으로써 통역사의 역할을 분석해 본다. 마지막으로 전문적이고 과학적인 분야, 특히 PSIT 연구에 있어서의 전사자료의 활용과 (11M으로 알려진 스페인에서 발생한 최대 규모의 이스람 테러공격에 대한) 특정 재판에서 전사자료가 얼마나 중요한 역할을 했는지를 고찰하였다.

Facile Method to Obtain Low DS β-ketoesters and Esters of Microfibrillated Cellulose

Carmen C. Piras,Scott A. Jamieson,Emiliano Fratini,Susana Fernández-Prieto,Johan Smets,Wim M. De Borggraeve 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.10

Herein we report a facile approach to prepare low DS microfibrillated cellulose acetoacetates and esters. All thereactions were performed directly in cellulose slurries without the need of solvent evaporation, which can cause hornification,and without damaging the fibres. The products obtained display the inserted functionalities while retaining the main featuresand morphology of the unmodified cellulose fibres. In comparison to previously reported synthetic routes, this method iscost-effective, more environmentally friendly through omission of extra solvents and the possibility of reusing the dispersingagents, which can be recovered by distillation.

Switched Convergence of Second-Order Switched Nonlinear Systems

Carmen Pérez,Francisco Benítez 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2012 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.10 No.5

In this paper, the problem of stabilizing second-order switched nonlinear systems consisting of two unstable subsystems is studied. We present a method for determining if a switched system can be stabilized. Important results from Differential Geometry have been needed in order to study the sta-bilization in the nonlinear case. Hence, it is established if there exists a switching law under which the solution of a switched system for a given initial condition converges to the origin. In order to illustrate the results we present several numerical examples. Furthermore, the results are applied to a kind of switched systems of higher dimension.

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Reference Ranges in the First Trimester of Pregnancy in an Iodine-Sufficient Country

Carmen Castillo,Nicole Lustig,Paula Margozzini,Andrea Gomez,María Paulina Rojas,Santiago Muzzo,Lorena Mosso 대한내분비학회 2018 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.33 No.4

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is associated with negative neonatal and obstetric outcomes. Large differences in thyroid function reference intervals exist across different populations. These differences can be explained by population-specific factors, such asiodine status. Many countries in Latin America report iodine sufficiency, but relatively few countries have published up-to-date dataon iodine levels and thyroid function in the overall population, and especially in pregnant women. We evaluated the iodine status ofpregnant women in Chile and determined thyroid hormone reference ranges in this population. Methods: This was a prospective observational study of healthy Chilean women at their first prenatal visit before week 14. Thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH), total thyroxine (T4), free T4, antithyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), and iodine levels from spoturine samples were measured. Iodine status and the reference ranges for TSH were calculated. Results: A total of 1,022 pregnant women in the first trimester were selected. Urinary iodine levels were measured in 302 randomlyselected women. The median urinary iodine concentration was 173.45μg/L (interquartile range, 108.11 to 249.35).The referenceranges of TSH were calculated in 670 patients selected according to the National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry guidelines. Themedian TSH level was 1.88 μIU/mL (2.5th percentile: 0.13 to 97.5th percentile: 5.37). Using the reference range in the 1,022 women, the prevalence of clinical hypothyroidism was 1.76%, and that of subclinical hypothyroidism was 3.92%. TPOAb positivity wasmore common in women with TSH levels above 3.5 μIU/mL. Conclusion: We found adequate iodine intake and a right-shifted distribution of serum TSH levels in pregnant women in Chile. Theprevalence of hypothyroidism in our sample of pregnant women was higher than has been described in the literature.