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소련의 지방자치 : 집행 및 통제상의 문제 Problem of Implementation and Control
Ross, Cameron 연세대학교 도시문제연구소 1991 地域社會開發論叢 Vol.2 No.-
Cameron Ross, Local Government in the Soviet Union: Problems of Implementation and control, Croom Helm, London & Sydney, 1987.
Cameron Wright,Pietari Mäkelä,Alexandre Bigot,Mikael Anttinen,Peter J. Boström,Roberto Blanco Sequeiros 대한의용생체공학회 2023 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.13 No.1
The non-perfused volume (NPV) is an important indicator of treatment success immediately after prostate ablation. However, visualization of the NPV first requires an injection of MRI contrast agents into the bloodstream, which has many downsides. Purpose of this study was to develop a deep learning model capable of predicting the NPV immediately after prostate ablation therapy without the need for MRI contrast agents. A modified 2D deep learning UNet model was developed to predict the post-treatment NPV. MRI imaging data from 95 patients who had previously undergone prostate ablation therapy for treatment of localized prostate cancer were used to train, validate, and test the model. Model inputs were T1/T2-weighted and thermometry MRI images, which were always acquired without any MRI contrast agents and prior to the final NPV image on treatment-day. Model output was the predicted NPV. Model accuracy was assessed using the Dice-Similarity Coefficient (DSC) by comparing the predicted to ground truth NPV. A radiologist also performed a qualitative assessment of NPV. Mean (std) DSC score for predicted NPV was 85% ± 8.1% compared to ground truth. Model performance was significantly better for slices with larger prostate radii (> 24 mm) and for whole-gland rather than partial ablation slices. The predicted NPV was indistinguishable from ground truth for 31% of images. Feasibility of predicting NPV using a UNet model without MRI contrast agents was clearly established. If developed further, this could improve patient treatment outcomes and could obviate the need for contrast agents altogether. Trial Registration Numbers Three studies were used to populate the data: NCT02766543, NCT03814252 and NCT03350529.
Political Failure and Bureaucratic Potential in Africa
Cameron Wimpy 서울대학교행정대학원 2021 The Korean Journal of Policy Studies Vol.36 No.4
Recent scholarship theorizes that shortcomings in good governance are a result of political, not bureaucratic, failures. These challenges are no less important in the developing world, and they are particularly acute in many African countries where resources are scarce and political development is relatively limited. Although the impacts of public administration quality on governance outcomes in Africa are well established, the empirical relationship between political failures and bureaucratic capacity remains underexplored. In addition, political issues in developing countries often cause bureaucratic pathologies to vary across the additional dimensions of corruption, judicial independence, and political pluralism. Using a combination of unique datasets, I turn the recent theories on political failure into testable propositions for how these processes unfold in the African context. The findings are of interest both for improving governance in developing countries and adding to the growing body of literature examining the severity of the challenges posed by political failure in various contexts.
MAFLD: How is it different from NAFLD?
Cameron Gofton,Yadhavan Upendran,Ming-Hua Zheng,Jacob George 대한간학회 2023 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.29 No.-
“Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD)” is the term suggested in 2020 to refer to fatty liver disease related to systemic metabolic dysregulation. The name change from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to MAFLD comes with a simple set of criteria to enable easy diagnosis at the bedside for the general medical community, including primary care physicians. Since the introduction of the term, there have been key areas in which the superiority of MAFLD over the traditional NAFLD terminology has been demonstrated, including for the risk of liver and extrahepatic mortality, disease associations, and for identifying high-risk individuals. Additionally, MAFLD has been adopted by a number of leading pan-national and national societies due to its concise diagnostic criterion, removal of the requirement to exclude concomitant liver diseases, and reduction in the stigma associated with this condition. The current article explores the differences between MAFLD and NAFLD diagnosis, areas of benefit, some potential limitations, and how the MAFLD terminology has opened up new fields of research.
Cameron Hurst,Bandit Thinkhamrop,Hoang The Tran 대한당뇨병학회 2015 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.39 No.5
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global pandemic and its prevalence is rapidly increasing in developing countries, including Thailand. The most common comorbidity of T2DM is hypertension. T2DM with a hypertension comorbidity is likely to exacerbate the development of, or more severe microvascular complications. This study aims to determine the association between the hypertension comorbidity and microvascular complication among T2DM patients in Thailand. Methods: The present study is a nationwide, multicenter, cross-sectional survey of T2DM outpatients across Thailand. Binary logistic mixed effect regression was used to investigate the effect of hypertension and other risk factors on the presence of microvascular complications. Imputation was used to investigate potential bias introduced by missing values. Results: Of the 55,797 T2DM patients included in our sample, 55.35% were hypertensive. Prevalence of microvascular complication diagnosis in the last 12 months was higher in T2DM patients with hypertension than those without hypertension (12.12% vs. 9.80%, respectively). Patient with a hypertension comorbidity had 1.32 time the odds of developing microvascular complication (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20 to 1.46; P<0.001). Older age, longer diabetes duration had 1.07 and 1.21 times the odds of developing microvascular complication, per 10 years (age) and 5 years (duration), respectively (ORage, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.12; P<0.001; and ORduration, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.16; P<0.001; respectively). Minimal bias was introduced by missing values, and did not influence to the magnitude of effect of hypertension on the presence microvascular complication. Conclusion: Hypertension comorbidity is highly associated with microvascular complication among T2DM patients. Patients with T2DM and physicians should pay attention to blood pressure control.
Cameron V. Fili,Ling Lin,Jonathan Chapman,David Hamilton,Charles R. Yates 한국식품영양과학회 2022 Journal of medicinal food Vol.25 No.6
The objective of this study was to identify alterations in lipids and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism in both the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic (T1D) mouse and the mutant db/db type 2 diabetic (T2D) mouse to establish a biological signature for the evaluation of natural products with purported lipid-altering activity. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomized to nondiabetic group or STZ-induced diabetic groups (n = 10/group). STZ-induced diabetic mice and 6-week-old male db/db mice (n = 10/group) were randomized to the following groups: (1) diabetic control, no treatment, (2) methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) treatment, (3) sesame seed oil (SSO) treatment, and (4) MSM+SSO combination treatment. Clinical parameters measured included weights, blood glucose, serum lipid panels, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) detection of free fatty acids in serum, liver, brain, and eyes. Blood glucose significantly decreased after 4 weeks of MSM treatment in T1D mice. Serum PUFA levels were significantly reduced in T2D mice compared with control mice. In contrast, treatment with SSO reversed this effect in T2D mice, exhibiting serum PUFA levels comparable to control mice. Serum triglycerides were significantly increased in both diabetic models compared to nondiabetic control, mimicking diabetes in people. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) was significantly increased in T1D receiving MSM+SSO and all T2D treatment groups. A corresponding significant decrease in non-HDL cholesterol was seen in T2D mice in all treatment groups. MSM+SSO treatment's effects on HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and PUFA metabolism could lead to improved clinical outcomes in diabetics by improving the lipid profile.
Cameron J. Elward,Sebrina D. Perkins 대한소아응급의학회 2022 대한소아응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.1
This case report discusses a school-aged boy who presented to the emergency department with diffuse abdominal pain and fever. After investigation, he was found to have Enterobius vermicularis infestation of the appendix without appendicitis. The novelty of this case is the video clip of a live worm-like finding on ultrasound in the boy. The video for this case serves as a reminder for emergency physicians or pediatricians to consider parasitic etiologies in children with abdominal pain, absent some of the classic manifestations like perianal pruritis.