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Majority gate logic using current-induced magnetic domain wall motion
San Ko,Geun-Hee Lee,Byong-Guk Park,Kab-Jin Kim 한국자기학회 2021 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.31 No.1
Existing computing technology is based on von Neumann architecture which is composed of memory unit for storing information and processing unit for performing logic operation. As the memory and processor are physically separated, data transfer between them consumes a substantial energy and time, which is known as von Neuman bottleneck. One way to overcome this bottleneck is to combine the memory and processor in a single space. This so-called processor in memory (PiM) technology will improve the performance of computer dramatically [1]. In this presentation, we propose a majority gate logic that utilizes the current-induced magnetic domain walls (DWs) motion, which can directly be connected to the DW-based racetrack memory [2,3,4] to build PiM. We use cross-wire geometry having four discrete branches, of which three branches are inputs and the other branch is output, and demonstrate that the cross-wire performs as majority gate by using micromagnetic simulations. The DWs created at the input branches are moved by current-induced spin orbit torque [5,6] and are congregated at the cross, from which the majority of the inputs are ejected to the output branches. This majority gates operates as AND, OR, NAND, NOR logic operations by properly selecting the inputs. In addition to the simulation, we also experimentally verify the DW-based majority gate in Co/Pt microwires. The current-driven DW motion and its logic operation is successfully demonstrated in Co/Pt cross-wire, suggesting that the majority gate is experimentally achievable.
고산(San Ko),이근희(Geun-Hee Lee),김갑진(Kab-Jin Kim),박병국(Byong-Guk Park) 한국자기학회 2021 韓國磁氣學會誌 Vol.31 No.5
We propose a universal spintronic logic device based on the current-induced magnetic domain wall (DW) motion. The majority gating operation is demonstrated by micromagnetic simulation using spin-orbit torque (SOT)-driven DW motion in Hall bar structures with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The logic gates including AND, OR, NAND, NOR are demonstrated, indicating the universality of DW majority gate. The simulation is partially confirmed by experiment, in which we found that the asymmetry in DW motion induced by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction or local Oersted field can cause the device malfunction. Our result suggests that the DW motion can be used not only in memory device but also in logic device, which could be useful in future processing-in-memory computing technology.
가압/감압 시스템을 이용하여 정밀 주조된 Ti 다공체의 기계적 특성
강산 ( San Kang ),이지운 ( Ji Woon Lee ),현승균 ( Soong Keun Hyun ),이병필 ( Byong Pil Lee ),김명균 ( Myoung Gyun Kim ),김영직 ( Young Jig Kim ) 대한금속재료학회(구 대한금속학회) 2014 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.52 No.3
A porous titanium structure was fabricated by investment casting with a pressurization/depressurization system, and its mechanical properties were studied. A Micro-Vickers hardness profile revealed that hardness gradually increased from the matrix to the metal/mold interface. A compression test was conducted on a single cell of the porous Ti structure. The theoretical and experimental values of yield strength were in good agreement. Such agreement suggested that the reaction layer did not affect the macro-mechanical properties of the porous Ti structure.
제주도 화산대수층에서 화산활동 휴지기에 형성된 저투수성 지층의 역할
안웅산(Ung San Ahn),고동찬(Dong-Chan Koh),허중혁(Joonghyeok Heo),조병욱(Byong Wook Cho),김태희(Taehee Kim),염병우(Byoung-Woo Yum) 대한지질학회 2021 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10
대부분의 수자원을 지하수에 의존하는 화산섬에서 지하수의 흐름을 입체적으로 파악하는 것은 지하수의 지속 가능한 관리와 유지에 매우 중요한 과제이다. 특히 비교적 오랜 기간에 걸친 화산활동과 그로 인한 다양한 물성의 화산암 및 화산퇴적물으로 이루어진 화산섬의 경우, 수리학적 불균질성이 매우 높다. 때문에 관정이나 용천수와 같이 특정 지점을 대상으로 한 기존의 연구적 기법으로는 지하수의 흐름을 입체적으로 파악하는데 큰 어려움이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 지하의 지질구조와 지하수 흐름을 직접 관찰할 수 있는 상당한 규모의 용암동굴을 대상으로하여 제주도 지하수의 흐름을 해석하였다. 용암동굴은 지표하 심도가 수 m에서 수십 m로 비록 지하 천부이기 하지만, 수평으로 수백 m에서 수 km에 걸쳐 지하의 지질구조 및 지하 침투수 흐름을 직접 관찰할 수 있다. 우리는 만장굴과 용천동굴을 대상으로 약 1년에 걸쳐 주기적으로 지하수 흐름을 직접 관찰 해석하고, 이를 토대로 화산섬 전체 규모에 적용할 수 있는 제3의 새로운 지하수 모델을 제시하였다. 화산섬의 지하 지질특성과 수 km에 걸쳐 관찰된 용암동굴에서의 지하수 유입 특성을 종합하면, 화산섬 제주도는 제주도 지하에 분포하는 여러 매의 고토양층 상부를 따라 유동하는 지하수가 고토양층의 단절부(고하천 등)를 통해 지하로 더 깊이 흘러들고, 지하로 더 깊이 흘러든 지하수는 하부의 또 다른 고토양층과 고토양층 단절부를 통해 수평적, 수직적 유동을 반복하여 결국 상당 규모의 지하수체를 형성하게 되는 것으로 추론된다. 이러한 지하수 흐름은 너와지붕을 흘러가는 빗물의 흐름특성과 유사하기에, 너와모델이라는 모델명을 부여하였다. 우리가 제시하는 새로운 지하수 흐름모델(너와모델)은 기존의 하와이언 및 카나리언 모델로는 쉽게 해석되지 않은 화산섬에서의 독특한 지하수 흐름 특성(다층으로 이루어진 지하 대수층, 지하수 수위의 수직적 불연속성, 지하수 연령의 수직적 불균질성, 피압대수층의 존재 등)을 보다 적절하게 설명할 수 있다. 이러한 발견은 화산활동 기간동안 상당한 휴지기를 가지는 많은 화산지대에서의 지하수 흐름을 보다 명확히 이해하는데 도움이 될 뿐만 아니라, 더 나아가 화산섬 지하수의 지속적 관리 및 유지에도 크게 기여할 것으로 판단된다.
가공배전계통에서 중성선과 가공지선 혼용 운용시 지중선로의 과전압 해석 및 평가
정석산(Seok-San Jeong),이종범(Jong-Beom Lee),김병숙(Byong-Sook Kim) 대한전기학회 2010 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.7
In combined distribution system, overhead ground wire and neutral wire are parallel connected to offer the electrical power energy and protect damage of lightning strokes. Therefore a case where the two wires become single wire, the power company can get the benefit such as installation cost saving and line fault protection by simplify of distribution line. This paper describes the result of impulse test in both system ; one is the present distribution system, the other is unified power system parallel connected overhead ground wire and neutral wire. As a result of this simulation, the present power system get lower over voltage than the unified power system.
벨리댄스 지도자의 이미지와 비언어적커뮤니케이션이 참여자 재등록 의사에 미치는 영향 : 참여만족의 매개효과
김수산나(Kim, Su-San-Na),안병주(An, Byong-Ju) 한국체육과학회 2021 한국체육과학회지 Vol.30 No.5
This study would empirically analyze the impacts of a belly dance instructor’s image and nonverbal communication on participants-perceived re-registration intention. In addition, this study would test if the belly dance participants’ participation had a mediating effect on their re-registration intention. Concerning this, this study completed the collection of 342 valid participants in a class higher than the general class of agencies for training belly dance instructors nationwide. Based on the collected data, this study presents the following concrete statistical analysis results, using Statistical Analysis Software, SPSS 22. First, the belly dance instructor’s image had a statistically significant positive (+) impact on participants’ satisfaction. Second, the belly dance instructor’s nonverbal communication had a statistically significant positive (+) impact on participants’ satisfaction. Third, belly dance participants’ satisfaction had a statistically significant positive (+) impact on their re-registration intention. Fourth, satisfaction showed a mediating effect in the path from the belly dance instructor’s image through satisfaction with participation to re-registration intention. Fifth, satisfaction also showed a mediating effect in the path from the belly dance instructor’s nonverbal communication through satisfaction with participation to re-registration intention. In other words, the higher the image and nonverbal communication of the belly dance instructor, the more satisfied the participants become, and the higher their re-registration intention becomes.
벨리댄스 참여자가 인식하는 지도자 주요 역량 탐색 및 요구도 분석 연구
김수산나(Kim, Su-San-Na),안병주(An, Byong-Ju) 한국체육과학회 2021 한국체육과학회지 Vol.30 No.5
This study investigated 305 in-service belly dance participants and analyzed demands, aiming to explore the major indices of the instructor’s competencies perceived by the belly dance participants and investigate the prioritized competencies. For statistical processing, analysis was conducted, using SPSS WIN 21.0. As for research methods, to analyze the differences and order of priority between the instructor’s important competencies and retained competencies, a t-test and Borich demand analysis were conducted. The order of priority was drawn, using the Locus for Focus model. The results of the analysis are as follows: In all detailed competencies, including class planning ability and leadership in the professional competency cluster; attention and affection, and patience in the personality competency cluster; communication in the communication competency cluster; and appearance management and image management in the self-regulation competency cluster, there were statistically significant differences between importance level and retention level, and of the detailed competencies of motivation in the leadership competency cluster, the detailed competencies of participant management in the communication competency cluster and the detailed competencies of expressiveness in the artistic competency cluster, there were statistically significant differences between importance level and retention level. In addition, belly dance participants’ demands for the instructor’s teaching competencies were in the following order: personality, professional, communication, self-regulation, leadership, and artistic competency.