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A Lagrangian Based Scalar PDF Method for Turbulent Combustion Models
Moon, Hee-Jang,Borghi, Roland The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers 2004 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.18 No.8
In this paper, a new 'presumed' Probability Density Function (PDF) approach coupled with a Lagrangian tracking method is proposed for turbulent combustion modeling. The test and the investigation of the model are conducted by comparing the model results with DNS data for a premixed flame subjected in a decaying turbulent field. The newly constructed PDF, which incorporates the instantaneous chemical reaction term, demonstrates consistent improvement over conventional assumed PDF models. It has been found that the time evolution of the mean scalar, the variance and the mean reaction rate are strongly influenced by a parameter deduced by a Lagrangian equation which takes into account explicitly the local reaction rate. Tests have been performed for a moderate Damkohler number, and it is expected the model may cover a broader range of Damkohler number. The comparison with the DNS data demonstrates that the proposed model may be promising and affordable for implementation in a moment-equation solver.
A Lagrangian Based Scalar PDF Method for Turbulent Combustion Models
Hee-Jang Moon,Roland Borghi 대한기계학회 2004 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.18 No.8
In this paper, a new "presumed" Probability Density Function (PDF) approach coupled with a Lagrangian tracking method is proposed for turbulent combustion modeling. The test and the investigation of the model are conducted by comparing the model results with DNS data for a premixed flame subjected in a decaying turbulent field. The newly constructed PDF, which incorporates the instantaneous chemical reaction term, demonstrates consistent improvement over conventional assumed PDF models. It has been found that the time evolution of the mean scalar, the variance and the mean reaction rate are strongly influenced by a parameter deduced by a Lagrangian equation which takes into account explicitly the local reaction rate. Tests have been performed for a moderate Damk?hler number, and it is expected the model may cover a broader range of Damk?hler number. The comparison with the DNS data demonstrates that the proposed model may be promising and affordable for implementation in a moment-equation solver.
Mattia Portinari,Gabriele Baldini,Massimo Guidoboni,Alessandro Borghi,Stefano Panareo,Simona Bonazza,Gianlorenzo Dionigi,Paolo Carcoforo 대한외과학회 2018 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.95 No.5
Purpose: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy (SLNB) is widely accepted for staging of melanoma patients. It has been shown that clinico-pathological features such as Breslow thickness, ulceration, age, and sex are better predictors of relapse and survival than SLN status alone. The aims of this study were to evaluate the long-term (10-year) prognostic impact of SLNB and to determine predictive factors associated with SLN metastasis, relapse, and melanoma specific mortality (MSM). Methods: This was a prospective observational study on 289 consecutive patients with primary cutaneous melanoma who underwent SLNB from January 2000 to December 2007, and followed until January 2014, at an Italian academic hospital. Results: SLN was positive in 64 patients (22.1%). The median follow-up was 116 months (79–147 months). Tenyear disease-free survival and melanoma specific survival were poor in patients with positive SLN (58.7% and 66.4%, respectively). Only the increasing Breslow thickness resulted independently associated to an increased risk of SLN metastasis. Cox regression analysis showed that a Breslow thickness >2 mm was an independent predictor of relapse, and male sex and Breslow thickness >2 mm was a predictor of MSM. At 10 years, SLN metastasis was not significantly associated to either relapse or MSM. Conclusion: After the fifth year of follow-up, SLN metastasis is not an independent predictive factor of relapse or mortality which are mainly influenced by the characteristics of the primary tumor and of the patient. Patients with a Breslow thickness >2 mm regardless of the SLN status should be considered at high risk for 10-year relapse and mortality.
Robotic Intraoperative Tracheobronchial Repair during Minimally Invasive 3-Stage Esophagectomy
Alessandra Marano,Silvia Palagi,Luca Pellegrino,Felice Borghi 대한흉부외과학회 2021 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.54 No.2
Tracheobronchial injury (TBI) is an uncommon but potentially fatal event. Iatrogenic le- sions during bronchoscopy, endotracheal intubation, or thoracic surgery are considered the most common causes of TBI. When TBI is detected during surgery, concomitant sur- gical treatment is recommended. Herein we present a case of successful robotic primary repair of iatrogenic tracheal and left bronchial branch tears during a robot-assisted hybrid 3-stage esophagectomy after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. A robotic approach can facilitate the repair of this injury while reducing both the potential risk of conversion to open surgery and the associated increased risk of postoperative respiratory complications.
Tamagno, Elena,Guglielmotto, Michela,Aragno, Manuela,Borghi, Roberta,Autelli, Riccardo,Giliberto, Luca,Muraca, Giuseppe,Danni, Oliviero,Zhu, Xiongwei,Smith, Mark A.,Perry, George,Jo, Dong-Gyu,Mattson, Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2008 Journal of Neurochemistry Vol.104 No.3
<P>Abstract</P><P>Sequential cleavages of the &bgr;-amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) by &bgr;-secretase and &ggr;-secretase generate the amyloid &bgr;-peptides, believed to be responsible of synaptic dysfunction and neuronal cell death in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Levels of BACE1 are increased in vulnerable regions of the AD brain, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. Here we show that oxidative stress (OS) stimulates BACE1 expression by a mechanism requiring &ggr;-secretase activity involving the c-<I>jun</I> N-terminal kinase (JNK)/c-<I>jun</I> pathway. BACE1 levels are increased in response to OS in normal cells, but not in cells lacking presenilins or amyloid precursor protein. Moreover, BACE1 is induced in association with OS in the brains of mice subjected to cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion. The OS-induced BACE1 expression correlates with an activation of JNK and c-<I>jun</I>, but is absent in cultured cells or mice lacking JNK. Our findings suggest a mechanism by which OS induces BACE1 transcription, thereby promoting production of pathological levels of amyloid &bgr; in AD.</P>