체조선수의 Anomie상태가 적응행동 및 일탈행동과의 관계

이보선,부기원 강원대학교 체육과학연구소 2001 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.24

The purpose of this research to test relationship among adapation behavior and deviant behavior according to anmie of athletes. This research which to achieve this purpse sample of high school male - fencing fencing athletes who registered the K.G.A in 2000. A sampling abstraction drew a random sampling 250 athletes among selected 300 athletes. The survey questionnaire were used to collect data. The method made use of anomie index chic the Modem Society Association standardozed sentences by translation anomie index invented by Srole(1956) and supplement-modified by Choi Mi Ran(1998) The analuzed-result as followed. First, as the athletes backgroun, the experience of anomie is hider women than men, Also it is less experience of anomie for lower educated-person and more experienced-person of sports. Second, the type of adaptive behavior as the athletes background, conformable behavior is higher experienced-person who wins a prize than person who not-experienced winning a prize. The rebellious behaviour of adagaviour is the highest in the college group. Third, as the athletes background, Drugs is the highest in the college group, it is higher experienced-group of sports, expeniencid-group of winning a prize and the Roman Catholic than any other groups.

인터넷과 헌법상 쟁점들

李富夏 법무부 2004 선진상사법률연구 Vol.- No.22

Das Internet ist zur Zeit die weltweit größte und nach wie vor am schnellsten expandierende Kcmmunikationsstruktur. Electronic Mail (E-Mail) ist der am meisten genutzte Dienst im Internet E-Mail erlaubt es, Text von einem Computer auf einen anderen zu übertragen. Um E-Mail zu nutzen, benötigt man allerdings eine entsprechende Adresse. 1. Die Zusendung von unerwünschter E-Mail-Werbung an Private verstößt nach meiner Auffassung gegen Art 17 KVerfR, sofern der Empfänger nicht damit einverstanden ist oder sein Einverständnis auch nicht im Rahmen einer bereits bestehenden Geschäftsverbindung vermutet werden kann. Nach Auffassung der deutschen Gerichte ist das unaufgeforderte Zusenden von Spam-Mail wettbewerbsrechtlich unzulässig. Der Begriff von Spam-Mail ist mittlerweile ein fester Bestandteil jedes Internet-Glossars. Als Spam-Mail bezeichnet man das massenhafte Versenden von E-Mail im Internet Als verfassungswidrig gemäß Art 17 KVerfR (privacy) gilt die unaufgeforderte Bulk E-Mail beim Leeren des elektronischen Briefkastens die unverlangte Werbung unter Aufwand von Zeit, Mühe und Kosten aussortieren muss. 2. Pomographen, politisch Radikale, Rassisten, Militaristen, Antisemiten und Urheber beleidigender und verleumderischer Aussagen haben das Internet als weltweite unzensierte Plattform entdeckt Das ist nicht selten mit Verstößen gegen Rechtsnormen verbunden. Der Staat ist insbesondere immer dann verpflichtet schützend einzugreifen, wenn untragbare Folgen für individuelle und kollektive Rechtsgüter abzuwehren sind. Die Verbreitung verfassungsfeindlicher rassistischer Äußerungen, Gewaltaufrufe, nationalsozialistischen Gedankengutes und ähnlicher politradikaler Propaganda ist geeignet, die als fundamentale staatliche Gesamtordnung in den Grundwerten der Verfassung niedergelegte freiheitliche demokratische Grundordnung unmittelbar zu gefährden. Außerdem können rassistische, radikale Inhalte sowie Gewaltaufrufe die Würde des Menschen nach Art 10 KVerfR verletzen. 3. Fragliche ist, welche Bedeutung angesichts der zunehmenden Globalisierung dem Grundprinzip internationaler Zuständigkeit, dem Territorialprinzip, hinsichtlich nationaler Regelungen noch zukommen kann. Die Manifestation der Hoheitsakte in Form von schriftlichen Bescheiden oder Gewaltanwendungen läßt sich ebenfalls in den meisten Fällen ohne weiteres einem geographisch abgegrenzten Staatsgebiet zuordnen. Dem Territorialprinzip können die Staatsorgane einfach dadurch Genüge tun, indem sie auf dem Staatsgebiet verbleiben und physisch manifestierte Hoheitsakte nicht über die Grenzen hinweg gelangen lassen. Die Staaten dürfen aber über das Internet keine Hoheitsakte an Adressaten im Ausland versenden. Sie dürfen ebenfalls nicht über das Internet hoheitlich auf Inhalte zugreifen, die auf Rechnern im Ausland abgespeichert sind. 4. Betrachtet man die Kooperation und Koordination von Recht als vordringliche Aufgabe nicht nur auf der staatlichen, sondern auf der internationalen Ebene, so wird deutlich, dass dies ein umständliches, langwieriges und alles andere als einfaches Unterfangen ist. 인터넷의 보편화로 인한 발생하는 헌법상의 쟁점들이 계속하여 제기되고 있다. 특히 인터넷상의 가상공간에서의 표현은 다양하고 복잡한 헌법상의 문제를 불러 일으킨다. 첫째, 인터넷상 표현이 다른 매체에 의한 표현과 상이한 특성을 지니고 있다. 따라서 그에 대한 규율의 특이성이 요청된다. 특히 방송과의 차이를 고찰해보면, 인터넷상 표현은 신속성, 국제성, 비용저렴성, 대량정보전달 가능성의 특징을 지닌다. 그리고 가상공간에서의 ID의 사용은 무책임한 표현이나, 불건전한 정보의 유통을 가능케 한다는 문제점을 지니나, 그럼에도 불구하고 인터넷 가상공간에서의 익명의 사용은 헌법상 위헌의 소지가 없다. 왜냐하면 이러한 ID의 사용은 표현의 자유를 신장시킬 뿐만 아니라, ID사용으로 인하여 표현자(인터넷이용자)의 프라이버시권을 보호할 수 있기 때문이다. 인터넷사이트의 회원가입의 문제는 헌법상 양심의 자유와 인격권의 침해를 유발할 수 있다. 이는 특히 기본기입사항(필수사항)과 관련하여 문제된다. 인터넷상의 인종차별주의적, 폭력찬양적 정보, 폭력선동 및 명예훼손적 표현은 "자유민주적 기본질서"(우리헌법 제4조 참조)를 직접적으로 위태롭게 하며, 그밖에 우리 헌법 제10조에 의거한 "인간의 존엄과 가치"를 침해할 수 있다 둘째, 전통적인 주권개념에 의해 인터넷상의 표현들을 규제하는 주권적 행사를 발휘할 수 있는가는 헌법상 재정립해야 할 부분이다. 인터넷상의 불법적 표현을 규제하기 위해서는 국내법과 국제법의 공조가 필요하다. 셋째, 스팸메일은 규범상 "메일수신자의 의사에 반하여 보내진 전자메일"이라는 광의로 정의내리는 것이 타당하다. 스팸메일을 규제하는 방식으로는 옵트인(Opt-in)방식과 옵트아웃(Opt-out)방식이 있는데, 입법적으로는 온라인 서비스업체들 또는 스팸메일전송자가 스팸메일을 보내기 전에 수신이용자의 동의를 얻도록 하는 옵트인(Opt-in)방식이 실행되어야 할 것이다.

시설노인의 자기효능, 생활만족도 및 일상 활동 능력에 관한 연구

서부덕 대구산업정보대학 2000 논문집 Vol.14 No.2

A study on perceived self-efficacy, Life satisfaction and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in the Institutionalized Elderly. This study was designed to identity the degree of perceived self-efficacy, Life satisfaction and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in the Institutionalized Elderly. The 52 edlerly participating in this study were selected from a institutionalized elderly. The period of data collection was December 1 to December 31, 1999. Collected data were analyzed by means of Frequency, Mean, SD, Pearson correlation using SPSS/PC+ The result are summarized as follows: 1. The mean score of perceived self-efficacy were 43.16, life satisfaction were 18.37 and the score of IADL were 2.01. 2. Perceived self-efficacy and life satisfaction (r = .756, P<.001), self-efficacy and IADL (r = .673, P<.05) and life satisfaction and IADL (r = .799, P<.0l) had significant positive correlations. The results suggest that perceived self-efficacy, life satisfaction and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living is an important variables in the Intervention of institutionalized elderly.

『인도로 가는 길』에서 읽는 포스터의 식민 이데올로기

고부응 연세대학교 인문과학연구소 1994 人文科學 Vol.71 No.-

E. M. Forster´s A Passage to India has been considered an antidote to Kipling´s jingoism. In contrast to Kipling´s outright justification of British domination over India, Forster, it has been suggested, was critical of British imperialism. Because of this, Forster has been accorded a privileged status in the literary history of the colonial encounter between the British and the Indians. He has been praised even by Indian readers, who had suffered the British rules of India, for his courage of telling the truth. It is true that Forster overcomes the Manichean dichotomy that has traditionally divided the "civilized" West and the "evil" non-West, and the "evil" in the novel is caused not by the natives but by the colonial officialdom which treats the natives with contempt and arrogance. However, when the novel is read in the historical context around 1920´s and in juxataposition with his non-fictional proses, the novel reveals that Forster was an imperialist who firmly believed in the cause of British imperialism, i.e., the imperialism´s civilizing mission His criticism of imperialism is confined to the shortcomings of colonial officialdom and the critique should be understood as a gesture towards the ideal phases of imperialism with the implicit suggestion that the vices should and could be corrected so that the natives would accept Britain´s mission of civilizing India.

住宅組積壁體의 Styropole 斷熱材 使用前과 後의 比較考察

梁富弘 忠州大學校 1989 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.23 No.-

When we compare the difference between status before and after using Heat insulating materials, it shows that before using them coefficient of heat transmission is 1.5-2.8 Kcal/m²h℃, While after using them it is 0.4 Kcal/m²h℃. Accordingly we can see there is the necessity of heat insulating which needs only smaller amount of 0.4 Kcal/m²h℃ than the standard of heat control 0.5 Kcal/m²h℃

靑田과 心汕 山水畵에 對한 比較

羅釜坤 圓光大學校大學院 1982 學位論叢 Vol.8-3 No.-

In the Korean oriental drawing history, the wave of refinding the ever-cherished spirit of ours contrary to others has been waxing among the artists who have been suppressed under control of Japan for 36yrs. Among them, two artists mentioned above are proved to have been tried to reerect the hidden world made of a sacrid spirit of ours. This spirit has the same root with that of Sil- hak, introduced from Chung Dynasty of China and begun to be blooming in the middle of Yi Dynasty, in particular, in the periods of two kings, Young Jo and Jung Jo, So in this thesis, I have tried to build or to recognize the narrow connection between the two that is vividly believed to conduce to torch a new wave to refind what is ours. This move is not naive any longer for us, for which has been ignited earlier. Notwithstanding, there was a big difference between two artists in the styles, techniques and in the manner of treating the touches or of translating the Nature, although they have been taught from one teacher, An Jung-sik, In this regard, I have focused the em phasis on it. And, synthesizing the reason more specifically from the various points of view, I have endeavoured to enlighten it. Especially, comparing with two marked drawings of two artists each other, this thesis is recognized to be enhanced more. In the earlier stage of drawing, there was a similarity in styles between the two. But, with the lapse of time there was a gigantic gap in styles. What's the main reason? Lee Sang- beom has tried to materialize the realm of new perspective, introducing the special style into his world to create on the paper the niddlelike edge but with wide plane in the beginning point with brushes. But, on the contrary, No Soo-hyun has developed his style to the classical direction to find the core of the Nature and to representing it by his own method of translation. In final, I have cherchered the hidden stream that has bridged their spirits upon us, and the place where we can agree that they are very ours.

방사선이 마우스 위장관에 미치는 glucagon의 면역조직화학적 영향

김부순,조광호,박상옥 한국위생과학회 2002 한국위생과학회지 Vol.8 No.1

방사선 조사가 위장관 각 부위(위저부, 유문뷰, 십이지장, 공장, 회장, 맹장, 결장 및 직장)에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위하여 비교적 방사선에 민감한 strain으로 알려진 C57BL/6 마우스의 위장관 부위에 국소적으로 2 또는 4 Gy의 gamma 선을 조사하여, 8시간 후 위장관의 변화를 관찰하였다. 위장관에 존재하는 내분비세초의 혈 중 glucagon의 수치와 호르몬을 생산하는 내분비세포의 수적 및 분포의 변화를 각각의 항혈청을 이용한 면역조직화적 방법으로 위장관 각 부위에서 관찰하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. Glucagon 면역반응세포는 정상군을 포함한 모든 실험군에서 위저부에 국한되어 관찰되었으며, 수적 변동은 관찰되지 않았으나, 방사선 조사선량에 비례하여 탈과립을 보이는 세포들의 수적 증가가 인정되었다. 한편 혈중 glucagon함량은 상층 조사군에서만 증가되었으며, 중간층 및 하층 조사군에서는 정상군과 유사한 수치를 나타내었다. 이상에서 방사선 조사 후 내분비세포의 감소는 면역조직화학적으로 염색되는 내분비세포의 과립이 혈 중에 유리된 결과로 생각되며, 다른 인자에 의한 탈과립의 자극보다는 방사선이 직접 면역반응세포에 작용할 것으로 생각되었다. To demonstrate the effect of local gamma irradiation on the gastrointestinal tract of the radiation sensitive C57BL/6 mice strain, the histological profiles of the 8 portions of gastrointestinal tract(fundus, pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon and rectum) were observed 8 hours after irradiation(subdivided into 3 parts, upper, middle and lower irradiated group). Gastrointestinal endocrine cells were determined by immunohistochemical methods using specific antisera against glucagon with their serum levels by radioimmynoassay(RIA). Glucagon-immunoreactive cells were restricted in the fundus of all tested groups including non-irradiated normal group, similar number of these immunoreactive cells were demonstrated in all tested groups. While increasing of cell numbers showing degranulation were found found dependent with amount of irradiated gamma ray. However, serum glucagon levels increased with amount of irradiated gamma ray in the case of upper irradiated group. In lower and middle irradiated group, no changes of serum glucagon levels were demonstrated in this study. In conclusion, Hormone in blood increased, well corresponding to those of decrease of immunoreactive hormone- producing cells in gastrointestinal tract.

방사선이 마우스 위장관에 미치는 gastrin의 면역조직화학적 영향

김부순 한국위생과학회 2002 한국위생과학회지 Vol.8 No.2

방사선 조사가 위장관 각 부위(위저부, 유문부, 십이지장, 공장, 회장, 맹장, 결장 및 직장)에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위하여 비교적 방사선에 민감한 strain으로 알려진 C57BL/6 마우스의 위장관 부위에 국소적으로 2 또는 4 Gy의 gamma선을 조사하여, 8시간 후 위장관의 변화를 관찰하였다. 위장관에 존재하는 내분비세포의 혈 중 gastrin의 수치와 호르몬을 생산하는 내분비세포의 수적 및 분포의 변화를 각각의 항혈청을 이용한 면역조직화적 방법으로 위장관 각 부위에서 관찰하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. gastrin 면역반응세포는 정상군을 포함한 모든 실험군에서 유문부와 십이지장에 국한되어 관찰되었으며, 유문부에서는 방사선 조사선량에 비례하여 정상군에 비해 현저히 감소되었으나, 십이지장에서는 수적 변동은 관찰되지 않고, 방사선 조사선량에 비례하여 탈과립을 보이는 세포들이 수적으로 증가되었다. 한편 혈중 gastrin 함량은 상층 조사군에서만 정상군에 비해 증가되었으며, 중간층 및 하층 조사군에서는 정상군과 유사한 수치를 나타내었다. 이상에서 방사선 조사 후 내분비세포의 감소는 면역조직화학적으로 염색되는 내분비세포의 과립이 혈 중에 유리된 결과로 생각되며, 다른 인자에 의한 탈과립의 자극보다는 방사선이 직접 면역반응세포에 작용할 것으로 생각되었다. To demonstrate the effect of local gamma irradiation on the gastrointestinal tract of the radiation sensitive C57BL/6 mice strain, the histological profiles of the 8 portions of gastrointestinal tract(fundus, pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon and rectum) were observed 8 hours after irradiation(subdivided into 3 parts, upper, middle and lower irradiated group). Gastrointestinal endocrine cells were determined by immunohistochemical methods using specific antisera against glucagon with their serum levels by radioimmunoassay(RIA). Gastrin-immunoreactive cells were restricted in the pylorus and duodenum of all tested groups in this study. They decreased significantly with amount of irradiated gamma ray in the pylorus. And also, degranulation of these immunoreactive cells with amount of irradiated gamma ray was demonstrated. However, serum gastrin levels increased with amount of irradiated gamma ray in the case of upper irradiated group. In lower and middle irradiated group, however, no change of serum gastrin levels was observed. In conclusion, Hormone in blood increased, well corresponding to those of decrease of immunoreactive hormone- producing cells in gastrointestinal tract.

독일에서의 憲法解釋의 방법론

李富夏 한국공법학회 2004 공법연구 Vol.32 No.4

Fragt man nach dem Ziel der Verfassungsauslegung, so offenbart das einschlitgige Schrifttum einen schon als "gefestigt" zu bezeichnenden Streitstand. Die Extrempositionen schlagen einerseits vor, dass der Sinngehalt einer Norm letztlich in der Feststellung des verfassunggeberischen Willens Iiegt (sogenannte subjektive Theorie). Andererseits wird auf den objektiven Sinngehalt abgestellt, nach dem es gerade nicht auf den verfassunggeberischen Willen, sondern auf den "Willen der Rechtsnorm" ankommen soli (sogenannte objektive Theorie). Soweit nach der subjektiven Theorie der Sinngehalt einer Norm anhand des verfassunggeberischen Willens ermittelt werden soli, kommt es entscheidend auf den mit dieser Norm verfolgten Zweck an. Dessen Feststellung erfolgt vor allem anhand des Ausgangsmittels der historischen Auslegung. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist daher die Gesetzesanwendung unter Zuhilfenahme der jeweiligen Gesetzesmaterialien. Soweit hingegen die objektive Theorie den Sinngehalt einer Rechtsnorm anhand des Kritenums "Willen der Rechtsnorm" festzuhalten beabsichtigt, scheint ein Konflikt mit dem Vertrauen der Normadressaten in die Aussage des Normtextes von vornherein ausgeschlossen Dies hat zur Folge, dass aufgrund des Normwortlauts als alleinigem Anhaltspunkt stets eine zeitgemdBe Auslegung desselben vorgenommen werden kann. Es zeigt sich, dass die modernen Standpunkte in ihrer praktischen Wirksamkeit weft mehr Gemeinsamkeiten als Unterschiede aufweisen. Die Rechtsanwendung anhand der Normgrammatik ist aufgrund des fir die Auslegung erforderlwhen objektiven Elements von zentraler Bedeutung. Indem die grammatikahsche Auslegungsmethode den isolierten Sinn des Normwortlauts zu ermitteln sucht, stellt sie zunachst den Ausgangspunkt einer jeden Normanwendung dar. Mal3geblich ist insofem grundsatzlich der allgememe Sprachgebrauch, es sei denn die betreffende Rechtsnorm ist in einem rein fachbezogenen Kontext zu verstehen Nach dem systematischen Auslegungsmittel entscheidend ist zuvorderst der Bedeutungszusammenhang der fraglichen Norm innerhalb des mal3geblichen Gesetzes als Grenzem, unter Umstdnden sogar innerhalb verschiedener Normensysteme aus dem betroffenen Regelungsbereich. lm Rahmen der historischen Auslegung ist nach den Regelungsabsichten des Gesetzgebers bei Erlass der anzuwendenden Rechtsvorschrift zu fragen. Hierfiir ist vor allem auf die Gesetzesmaterialien, daneben aber auch auf die zugrunde liegenden allgemeinen Umstande zum Entstehungszeitpunkt der betreffenden Vorschrift abzustellen. Die Methode der teleologischen Auslegung ist strikt von der historischen Auslegung zu trennen, mit der nach dem vom Gesetzgeber verfolgten Zweck gefragt wird. Die teleologische Auslegung stellt zwar ebenfalls auf den Gesetzeszweck ab. Dem Wortlaut kommt eine doppelte Aufgabe zu: "Er ist Ausgangspunkt fir die richterliche Sinnermittlung and steckt zugleich die Grenzen seiner Auslegungstdtigkeit ab." Der Wortlaut soli also die Grenze zuldssiger Verfassungsinterpretation sein. Dies wUrde voraussetzen, dass dem Wortlaut "an sich" ein unabadngiger Sinn zukommt, an dem die mterpretierte Norm gemessen werden kSnnte. Eine der wichtigen Erkenntnisse der Hermeneutik ist jedoch gerade, dass das Verstehen des Sinns eines Textes nur im ProzeB seiner Anwendung and damit seiner Interpretation moglich ist. Auch aus sprachphilosophischer Sicht kommt Worten kern Sinn an sich zu, sondern erst durch ihren Gebrauch In einem bestimmten Kontext. Konsequenterweise muss man daraus folgern, dass Normkonkretisierung "niemals an die Grenze des Wortlautes der Norm stof3en" kann. Die Berttcksrchtrgung der Interpretationskriterien fllhrt in vieten Fallen unproblematisch zu einer Entscheidung, ndmllch dann, wenn alle Kriterien in die gleiche Richtung weisen. Wenn sich jedoch Widersprttche ergeben, dann ist zu begrttnden, warum eines der Kriterien den Ausschlag geben soil. Darin besteht das eigentliche Problem der Rechtsentscheidung.

청소년 관련법 제·개정의 의미와 주요내용 분석

박부근,이일용 中央大學校 韓國敎育問題硏究所 2004 韓國敎育問題硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.19

본 연구는 2003년 12월 31일자로 제ㆍ개정된 청소년 관련법과 기존 청소년기본법의 비교연구를 통해 개정내용과 과정에 대해 분석하려는데 목적을 두고 있다. 개정된 청소년기본법이 청소년활동진흥법과 청소년복지지원법으로 확대 제정되었으며 청소년보호법과 함께 법률체계를 구비함에 따라 새로운 청소년 관련법의 내용분석은 청소년육성정책의 방향을 파악하는데 중요한 의미를 가지고 있다. 특히 청소년 관련기관과 전문가의 협조아래 입법부의 발의에 의해 개정과 제정을 거친 새로운 청소년 관련법은 국민제안 형식의 법률인 점에서도 그 의의를 찾을 수 있다. 이번에 제 개정된 청소년 관련법에는 과거에 없던 청소년의 정책제안이나 청소년시설의 설치에 대한 참여를 현실화하였고, 청소년단체가 학교교육을 보완하는 기능이 있음을 명시하였다. 특히 청소년활동을 지원하는 한국청소년센터의 설립과 청소년에게 질 높은 수련프로그램을 제공하기 위한 수련프로그램 인증제도의 도입은 관련법의 시행이후 현재 학교가 실시하고 있는 수련활동의 질적인 변화를 예고하고 있다. 또한 청소년 관련법의 시행령과 시행규칙이 1년 이내에 제정되어야 하는 만큼 그 연구와 제정방향을 나름대로 제언하려고 하였다. This study focuses on the comparison and analysis of the key articles of the previous Youth Law with the amended one. The National Assembly adopted the basic system of Youth Law on Dec. 31. 2003, which includes the items such as the promotion of youth activities, welfare programs and projects for youth facilities. The political reason why the Youth Acts had to be amended arose from the recognition of ambiguous development concept of the old law. The old Acts emphasized the importance of training activities excessively, but neglected the programs and matters of welfare for the youth. The promotive and protective policies were dealt separately by different governmental divisions and controled under separate rules. This enacted law is well-organized and allows young people to participate in the policy-making process about their programs and facilities. National and local governments have to be responsible for the financial stabilization for youth activities. Also the head of the administration becomes to establish the basic promotive policy and the success of the amended Youth Law will depend on the effective connection between school education and outdoor-school education. Therefore, as enacting the subordinate regulations for the Youth Law, they should carry out a thorough study in advance with the collection of various opinions from experts of the related youth organizations, young people and a public hearing. Also they need harmony and cooperation with each governmental division.