Experimental testing of cold-formed built-up members in pure compression

Biggs, Kenneth A.,Ramseyer, Chris,Ree, Suhyun,Kang, Thomas H.-K. Techno-Press 2015 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.18 No.6

Cold-formed built-up members are compression members that are common in multiple areas of steel construction, which include cold-formed steel joints and stud walls. These members are vulnerable to unique buckling behaviors; however, limited experimental research has been done in this area. Give this gap, experimental testing of 71 built-up members was conducted in this study. The variations of the test specimens include multiple lengths, intermediate welds, orientations, and thicknesses. The experimental testing was devised to observe the different buckling modes of the built-up C-channels and the effects of the geometrical properties; to check for applicability of multiple intermediate welding patterns; and to evaluate both the 2001 and 2007 editions of the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specification for built-up members in pure compression. The AISI-2001 and AISI-2007 were found to give inconsistent results that at times were un-conservative or overly conservative in terms of axial strength. It was also found that orientation of the member has an important impact on the maximum failure load on the member.

Medication and Pregnancy

Biggs, John S.G.,Allan, John A. Medical Publications Korea 1976 Medical Progress Vol.3 No.8

Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders of Pregnancy

Biggs, J.S.G.,Vesey, E.J. Medical Publications Korea 1976 Medical Progress Vol.3 No.1

A Brief Look at Impact Investment

Richard Biggs 한국국제협력단 2014 국제개발협력 Vol.2014 No.3

Mobility Wallet 빅데이터 기반 인공지능의 MaaS 활용방안

Richard Biggs 대한교통학회 2018 대한교통학회 학술대회지 Vol.79 No.-

Exploring the binding interactions of NOP receptor with designed natural phytochemical-neuropeptide conjugates: an in silico and SPR study

Murray Molly E.,Goncalves Beatriz G.,Biggs Mary A.,Frantzeskos Sophia A.,Lebedenko Charlotta G.,Banerjee Ipsita A. 한국응용생명화학회 2024 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.67 No.-

The Nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide (NOP) receptor is considered a member of the opioid receptor subfamily of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) which has been shown to be present in many parts of the central nervous system (CNS). It plays biologically diverse roles in pain modulation, immune response and in neurodegenerative diseases. In this work, phytochemical conjugates of two known neuropeptides, melanocyte inhibition factor (MiF-1) and mammalian amidated neuropeptide NPFF with pain modulating ability were developed. The binding interactions of those conjugates with NOP receptor was examined as an approach to develop novel natural compounds that can modulate NOP receptor activity. The selected phytochemicals are well-known for their antioxidant abilities and are derived either from natural alkaloids (betanin), polyphenols (gallic acid and sinapic acid) or terpenes (pomolic acid). Each of the phytochemicals selected are antioxidants which may play a role in mitigating diseases. Three conjugates of betanin were designed with each peptide by conjugating each of the three carboxylic acid groups of betanin with the peptides, while all others were mono-conjugates. Our results indicated that the betanin conjugates with both peptides showed strong binding interactions while the pomolate-peptide conjugates showed moderate binding. In general, NPFF and its conjugates showed stronger binding with the receptor. Docking and molecular dynamics studies revealed that binding interactions occurred at the binding pocket encompassing the transmembrane helices TM1, TM3 and TM7 in most cases, with the ligands binding deep within the hydrophobic core. The binding interactions were further confirmed experimentally through SPR analysis, which also showed higher binding with the betanin conjugates. MMGBSA studies indicated that the binding energies of MiF-1 conjugates were higher compared to neat MiF-1. However, in the case of NPFF, while the betanin conjugates showed enhancement, in some cases the binding energies were found to be slightly reduced compared to neat NPFF. Overall our studies reveal that such natural phytochemical derivatives that can bind to the NOP receptor when conjugated to the mammalian amidated neuropeptide NPFF and the short sequence of melanocyte inhibiting factor MiF-1 may be potentially developed for further laboratory studies for potential pharmaceutical applications.

Indirect Estimation Based Active Disturbance Rejection Control for Solar Sail Station-Keeping

Jia Huang,Yuliang Bai,James D. Biggs,Naigang Cui 한국항공우주학회 2021 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.22 No.6

This paper presents an indirect estimation based active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) for solar sail station-keeping. In contrast to previous applications of ADRC to spacecraft station-keeping the proposed approach estimates the deviation of the orbit state from the reference orbit, instead of estimating the orbit state directly. Since the deviation of the orbit state varies more slowly than the state itself, the indirect estimation significantly improves the estimation accuracy and hence the station-keeping performance. Moreover, this approach enables a large control time step which is two orders of magnitude larger than those in previous applications. This is beneficial to the implementation of attitude control and power consumption in practice. In addition, errors in the optical properties of the solar sail are taken into account which is a major challenge for solar sail station-keeping that has not been considered in previous station-keeping control design. The simulation results show that the presented ADRC station-keeping is robust to errors in these optical properties.

컴퓨터비전을 활용한 건설현장 중장비의 단독작업 자동 인식 모델 개발

정인수(Jeong, Insoo),김진우(Kim, Jinwoo),지석호(Chi, Seokho),노명일(Roh, Myungil),Biggs, Herbert 대한토목학회 2021 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.41 No.4

건설현장에서는 수많은 중장비와 작업자가 다양한 작업을 동시다발적으로 수행하기 때문에 복잡하고 위험한 상황이 자주 발생한다. 복잡한 현장에서 중장비가 단독으로 작업할 경우 운전자의 시야제한, 판단오류 등으로 인해 안전사고가 발생할 수 있으며, 이에 따라 중장비는 신호수와의 상호작용을 통해 주변 상황에 대한 정보를 수집하면서 작업을 수행해야 한다. 중장비를 자동으로 모니터링하고 위험상황을 탐지하기 위해 많은 컴퓨터비전 기술들이 개발되었지만, 기존의 방법들은 중장비 단독작업 인식에 필요한 중장비와 신호수 간 상호작용을 고려하지 않았다는 한계가 있다. 이러한 한계를 보완하기 위해 본 연구는 중장비-신호수 간의 상호작용을 고려한 컴퓨터비전 기반 중장비의 단독작업 자동 인식 모델을 제안함을 목표로 한다. 개발된 모델을 검증하기 위해 실제 건설현장으로부터 영상 데이터를 수집하여 실험을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 학습된 모델은 중장비와 사람을 83.4 %의 정확도로 인식하였고, 일반 작업자와 신호수를 84.2 %의 정확도로 분류하였으며, 중장비-신호수 간 상호작용 또한 95.1 %의 높은 정확도로 분석하였다. 본 연구결과는 건설현장에서 위험한 상황을 초래할 수 있는 중장비의 단독작업을 사전에 탐지하여 안전사고를 예방할 수 있다. Construction sites are complex and dangerous because heavy equipment and workers perform various operations simultaneously within limited working areas. Solitary works of heavy equipment in complex job sites can cause fatal accidents, and thus they should interact with spotters and obtain information about surrounding environments during operations. Recently, many computer vision technologies have been developed to automatically monitor construction equipment and detect their interactions with other resources. However, previous methods did not take into account the interactions between equipment and spotters, which is crucial for identifying solitary works of heavy equipment. To address the drawback, this research develops a computer vision-based solitary work detection model that considers interactive operations between heavy equipment and spotters. To validate the proposed model, the research team performed experiments using image data collected from actual construction sites. The results showed that the model was able to detect workers and equipment with 83.4 % accuracy, classify workers and spotters with 84.2 % accuracy, and analyze the equipment-to-spotter interactions with 95.1 % accuracy. The findings of this study can be used to automate manual operation monitoring of heavy equipment and reduce the time and costs required for on-site safety management.

Safety of a non-viral plasmid-encoding dual isoforms of hepatocyte growth factor in critical limb ischemia patients: a phase I study

Henry, T D,Hirsch, A T,Goldman, J,Wang, Y L,Lips, D L,McMillan, W D,Duval, S,Biggs, T A,Keo, H H Macmillan Publishers Limited 2011 Gene therapy Vol.18 No.8

We aimed to evaluate in a phase I dose-escalation study, the safety of intramuscular injections of a novel non-viral plasmid DNA expressing two isoforms of human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) (VM202) in patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI). In total, 12 patients with CLI and unsuitable for revascularization were consecutively assigned to increasing doses (2 to 16 mg) of VM202 administered into the ischemic calf muscle at days 1 and 15. Patients were evaluated for safety and tolerability, changes in ankle- and toe brachial index (ABI and TBI), and pain severity score using a visual analog scale (VAS) throughout a 12-month follow-up period. Median age was 72 years and 53% of the patients were male. VM202 was safe and well tolerated with no death during the 12-month follow-up. Median ABI and TBI significantly increased from 0.35 to 0.52 (P=0.005) and from 0.15 to 0.24 (P=0.01) at 12 months follow-up. Median VAS decreased from 57.5 to 16.0 mm at 6 months follow-up (P=0.03). In this first human clinical trial, VM202, which expresses two isoforms of human HGF, appear to be safe and well tolerated with encouraging clinical results and thus supports the performance of a phase II randomized controlled trial.

A Standard for Map Data Representation: IEEE 1873-2015 Facilitates Interoperability Between Robots

Amigoni, Francesco,Yu, Wonpil,Andre, Torsten,Holz, Dirk,Magnusson, Martin,Matteucci, Matteo,Moon, Hyungpil,Yokotsuka, Masashi,Biggs, Geoffrey,Madhavan, Raj IEEE 2018 IEEE robotics & automation magazine Vol.25 No.1

<P>The availability of environment maps for autonomous robots enables them to complete several tasks. A new IEEE standard, IEEE 1873-2015, Robot Map Data Representation for Navigation (MDR) [15], sponsored by the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society (RAS) and approved by the IEEE Standards Association Standards Board in September 2015, defines a common representation for two-dimensional (2-D) robot maps and is intended to facilitate interoperability among navigating robots. The standard defines an extensible markup language (XML) data format for exchanging maps between different systems. This article illustrates how metric maps, topological maps, and their combinations can be represented according to the standard.</P>