Recommended Method for Radioisotope Red-Cell Survival Studies

Berlin, N.I.,Dudley, R.A.,Garby, L.,Heimpel, H.,Lee, M.,Lewis, S.M.,McIntyre, P.,Mollison, P.L.,Najean, Y.,Pettit, J. The Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine 1980 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.14 No.2

혈액질환(血液疾患), 특히 용혈성빈혈(溶血性貧血)을 수반(隨伴)한 경우(境遇)에 적혈구(赤血球)의 생성(生成), 파괴과정(破壞過程)을 정확히 파악하는 것은 빈혈(貧血)의 발생기전(發生機轉) 및 병인(病因), 치료(治療), 예후(豫後) 결정(決定)에 매우 중요(重要)하다. 적혈수명측정법(赤血壽命測定法)은 최근(最近) 방사성(放射性)동위원소(同位元素)를 이용(利用)한 방법(方法)이 소개된 이래 널리 시행(施行)되어 왔다. 그러나 그 방법(方法) 및 결과(結果) 해석(解釋)에 표준화(標準化)가 되어 있지 않았던 중 1971년 ICSH (International Committee for Standardization in Hematology)에서 expert panel을 갖고 ICSH 추천 방법(方法)을 발표(發表)하였고, 본지(本誌)에서도 그 내용(內容)을 게재(揭載)한 바 있다. 1980년 ICSH는 전문기관 및 전문가의 협조(協調)를 얻어 다시 expert panal을 갖은 후 1971년에 추진한 적혈구수명측정법(赤血球壽命測定法)의 일부(一部)를 수정(修正)하여 ICSH의 표준방법(標準方法)으로 발표(發表)하였다. 개정(改正)된 표준방법(標準方法)과 1971년 ICSH추친 방법(方法)과의 차이(差異)는 다음과 같다. $^{51}Cr$표지방법중(標識方法中) 참고방법(參考方法)(Reference method)인 ACD법(法)에 수정(修正)을 가하여, ACD solution 구성성분(構成成分)이 차이(差異)가 있으며, 표지(標識)$^{51}Cr$의 양(量)을 체중당(體重當) $1.5{\mu}Ci$에서 $0.5{\mu}Ci$로 제한(制限)시켰다. 투여방법(投與方法)에 대한 언급 특히 투여하는 표지적혈구(標識赤血球)의 용적을 정확하게 측정 하기 위한 방법 4가지를 추가하였고, 검체준비(檢體準備) 과정중(過程中)의 pipet error를 방지(防止)하기위해 일정(一定)한 형태의 pipet을 사용(使用)하며, 1ml의 tuterculin syringe는 사용(使用)하지 않기로 하였다. 또한 결과분석시(結果分析時) 혈구용적(血球容積)의 항정성(恒定性)을 위해 Sodium pertectnetate($^{99m}Tc$)를 이용(利用)해 혈구용적(血球容積)을 반복(反復)해 측정(測定)하도록 하였으며 이때 사용(使用)하는 방사성동위원소(放射性同位元素)는 $^{32}P$ 대신 $^{99m}Tc$로 하였다. 결과해석시(結果解釋時) IgG 항체(抗體) 또는 IgM 항체(抗體)에 따른 차이점(差異點)에 대한 고려가 추가(追加)되었다. ICSH와 국제혈액학회(國際血液學會)에서 수정(修正)된 ICSH 표준방법(標準方法)에 의한 적혈수명측정법(赤血壽命測定法)을 널리 소개(紹介)하여 결과(結果)의 표준화(標準化)를 기하고자 연관잡지(聯관(關)雜誌)에 게재(揭載)할 것을 요청(要請)하였기에 전문(全文)을 본지(本誌)에 소개(紹介)하고자 한다.

Fuzzy statistics and computation on the lexical semantics: How much do you think? and how many?

( Berlin Wu ),( Ching Min Sun ) 한국언어정보학회 1996 국제 워크샵 Vol.1996 No.-

In this paper, we investigated the fuzzy statistics analysis in lexical semantics and apply the fuzzy logic to compute some uncertain and ambiguous problems. The fuzzy propositional computation for the cognitive semantics can account for the degree of typicality and similarity. Which provide a more precise expression in human thought and human cognition. Some essential definitions for fuzzy statistics are proposed to implement thses procedures. The empirical results by a sampling survey and fuzzy statistical analysis suggests that the fuzzy statistics and computation are potentially powerful heuristics in analyzing lexical semantics.

Modeling the sensitivity of hydrogeological parameters associated with leaching of uranium transport in an unsaturated porous medium

Berlin Mohanadhas,Suresh Kumar Govindarajan 대한환경공학회 2018 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.23 No.4

The uranium ore residues from the legacies of past uranium mining and milling activities that resulted from the less stringent environmental standards along with the uranium residues from the existing nuclear power plants continue to be a cause of concern as the final uranium residues are not made safe from radiological and general safety point of view. The deposition of uranium in ponds increases the risk of groundwater getting contaminated as these residues essentially leach through the upper unsaturated geological formation. In this context, a numerical model has been developed in order to forecast the 238U and its progenies concentration in an unsaturated soil. The developed numerical model is implemented in a hypothetical uranium tailing pond consisting of sandy soil and silty soil types. The numerical results show that the 238U and its progenies are migrating up to the depth of 90 m and 800 m after 10 y in silty and sandy soil, respectively. Essentially, silt may reduce the risk of contamination in the groundwater for longer time span and at the deeper depths. In general, a coupled effect of sorption and hydro-geological parameters (soil type, moisture context and hydraulic conductivity) decides the resultant uranium transport in subsurface environment.

Why Contemporary Medicine Is Failing

Berliner, Howard S.,Salmon, J. Warren 慶熙大學校 東西醫學硏究所 1986 國際東西醫學硏究論文集 Vol.1986 No.-

Beyond problems in the organization of health care are serious flaws in the paradigm and orientation of Western scientific medicine. After a brief historical review of how these problems arose, four related issues to the nature and content of conventional medicine are examined to point out the need for an new formulation. HEALTH CARE practitioners often see the U.S. health care system as immutable to progressive change. Indeed, health policy makers and planners seem unable to satisfactorily address spiraling costs, inadequate and unequal access to care, unresponsive practitioners and bureaucracies, and lack of comprehensive services. But beyond these problems of medical care organization and delivery lie problems with the actual content of medicine, which practitioners, if medicine, which practitioners, if they choose, can greatly affect. Whether it is called Western medicine, Flexnerian medicine, or technological medicine, the underlying essence of the predominant form of medical care in the united States remains the "medical model". This model emphasizes the detection and treatment of physical signs and symptoms to th exclusion or downplay of psycho-social and spiritual factors. The medical model results in a disease-focused medicine, which has little to say about health. Thus the system of medical care delivery in the united States that has followed from the premises of this orientation in medicine generates episodic, illness-oriented utilization of services by consumers. Medical care is provided chiefly by physicians specializing in a technological and invasive treatment of different parts of the body. The hospital-medical center ― a site for the already sick ― concentrates funds, personnel, and technology, to the detriment of an adequate system of preventive and primary care across the country. The fee-for-service system of medical practice, the cost reimbursement of hospital care, and uncoordinated and discontinuous patient services are also reasons that have traditionally been used to explain the absence of an effective and efficient health care system in the united States.

Current Drug Therapy in Chronic Heart Failure: the New Guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)

Dominik Berliner,Johann Bauersachs 대한심장학회 2017 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.47 No.5

Congestive heart failure (HF) is a morbidity that is increasing worldwide due to the aging population and improvement in (acute) care for patients with cardiovascular diseases. The prognosis for patients with HF is very poor without treatment. Furthermore, (repeated) hospitalizations for cardiac decompensation cause an increasing economic burden. Modern drugs and the consequent implementation of therapeutic recommendations have substantially improved the morbidity and mortality of HF patients. This paper provides an overview of the current pharmacological management of HF patients, based on the 2016 guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).

Citizen Trust in Government: A Comparative Perspective from Latin America

( Pion Berlin David ) 성균관대학교 사회과학연구소 2011 社會科學 Vol.43 No.1

Calf Circumference Measurement Protocols for Sarcopenia Screening: Differences in Agreement, Convergent Validity and Diagnostic Performance

Melissa Rose Berlin Piodena-Aportadera,Sabrina Lau,Justin Chew,Jun Pei Lim,Noor Hafizah Ismail,Yew Yoong Ding,Wee Shiong Lim 대한노인병학회 2022 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.26 No.3

Background: Although recommended by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 consensus (AWGS’19) as a screening tool for sarcopenia, there remains no consensus regarding the position (sitting, standing) or laterality (right, left) for the measurement of calf circumference (CC). This study aimed to determine the agreement between CC measurements, correlations with muscle mass and function, and diagnostic performance for sarcopenia screening. Methods: We studied 176 healthy community-dwelling older adults (mean age, 66.8±7.1 years) from the GERILABS-2 study. CC was measured using non-elastic tape in four ways: left and right sides in the sitting and standing positions. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using the AWGS’19 criteria. We produced Bland-Altman plots to assess the agreement, partial correlations for muscle mass and function to compare convergent validity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) to compare diagnostic performance. Results: The prevalence rate of sarcopenia was 17.4%. Sitting CC was larger than standing regardless of laterality (right 35.31±2.95 cm vs. 34.61±2.74 cm; left 35.37±2.96 cm vs. 34.70±2.83 cm; both p<0.001), consistent with the systematic bias on Bland-Altman plots showing the overestimation of sitting over standing measurements (right bias=0.70 cm; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.48–1.88; left bias=0.67 cm, 95% CI, -0.35–1.68). After adjusting for age and sex, CC was significantly correlated with appendicular skeletal mass, hand grip strength, knee extension, gait speed, chair stand, and short physical performance battery. Although right-sided CC measurements had better diagnostic performance (AUC=0.817), the difference was not statistically significant compared to the other positions (p>0.05). The optimal cutoff was <34 cm for all measurements, except for the left standing position (cutoff <35 cm). Conclusion: Standing CC measurements are recommended for sarcopenia screening in community-dwelling older adults because of their good agreement without systematic bias, convergent validity, and diagnostic performance.

The Study of Civil-Military Relations in New Democracies

David Pion-Berlin 서울대학교행정대학원 2011 Asian Journal of Political Science Vol.19 No.3

The study of civil-military relations is the perfect research field for engaging in structurevs. agency debate. Generations of scholars have thought about the conditions underwhich civilian leaders can or cannot establish effective control over their armed forces. From the origins of modern civil-military studies in comparative politics to the present,this question has formed the main theme of the research field. This article discussespertinent questions in the study of civil-military relations in democratizing East andSoutheast Asia from the perspective of Latin American research about civilian control. Thereby it aims to introduce the theme of this special issue and, at the same time,attempts to build an intellectual bridge, connecting research on two regions of the worldby pointing to common theoretical and methodological questions.

TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL : the global coalition against corruption ; Two Decade of Transparency International: Efforts, Achievements, Further Tasks

( Ti Secretariat Berlin ) 한국행정학회 2013 한국행정학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2013 No.-

Change of spatiotemporal scale in dynamic models

Kim, Y.,Berliner, L.M. North-Holland Pub. Co ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Computational statistics & data analysis Vol.101 No.-

<P>Spatiotemporal processes show complicated and different patterns across different space-time scales. Each process that we attempt to model must be considered in the context of its own spatial and temporal resolution. Both scientific understanding and observed data vary in form and content across scale. Such information sources can be combined through Bayesian hierarchical framework. This approach restricts a few essential scales. However, it is common in the trade-off view between simple modeling and analysis strategy with complicate modeling. Wikle and Berliner (2005) suggested a specialized, though useful, approach to the change of support (COS) problem within hierarchical framework. We extended their strategy by adding temporal modeling in their style and allowing discretized time-varying parameters. We apply a Bayesian inference based on combining information across spatiotemporal scale to some climate temperature data, which are point-referenced data and areal unit data. The inference focuses on the temperature process on specific prediction grid scale and maybe different time scale. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>