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Yoo, Cheolhee,Han, Daehyeon,Im, Jungho,Bechtel, Benjamin Elsevier 2019 ISPRS journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing Vol.157 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The Local Climate Zone (LCZ) scheme is a classification system providing a standardization framework to present the characteristics of urban forms and functions, especially for urban heat island (UHI) research. Landsat-based 100 m resolution LCZ maps have been classified by the World Urban Database and Portal Tool (WUDAPT) method using a random forest (RF) machine learning classifier. Some studies have proposed modified RF and convolutional neural network (CNN) approaches. This study aims to compare CNN with an RF classifier for LCZ mapping in great detail. We designed five schemes (three RF-based schemes (S1–S3) and two CNN-based ones (S4–S5)), which consist of various combinations of input features from bitemporal Landsat 8 data over four global mega cities: Rome, Hong Kong, Madrid, and Chicago. Among the five schemes, the CNN-based one with the incorporation of a larger neighborhood information showed the best classification performance. When compared to the WUDAPT workflow, the overall accuracies for entire land cover classes (OA) and for urban LCZ types (i.e., LCZ1-10; OA<SUB>urb</SUB>) increased by about 6–8% and 10–13%, respectively, for the four cities. The transferability of LCZ models for the four cities were evaluated, showing that CNN consistently resulted in higher accuracy (increased by about 7–18% and 18–29% for OA and OA<SUB>urb</SUB>, respectively) than RF. This study revealed that the CNN classifier classified particularly well for the specific LCZ classes in which buildings were mixed with trees or buildings or plants were sparsely distributed. The research findings can provide a basis for guidance of future LCZ classification using deep learning.</P>
가금육의 이용과 가금육 제품의 특성에 관한 연구 - 칠면조육과 돈육으로 제조한 Ham 의 특성 -
오동환(Dong Hwan Oh),(P . J . Bechtel) 한국축산학회 1988 한국축산학회지 Vol.30 No.6
Chunked and formed ham products were processed using commercial cure and spices with lean pork and turkey thigh meat. Five treatments were evaluated: 100% pork(P), 100% turkey(T), 75%P + 25% T, 50% P + 50%T, and 25% P + 75% T. Meat was cut into cubes, amulsion coated, mixed, stuffed into casing and cooked to 70℃ and stored in a lighted 4℃ retail case for 0, 30 and 60 days. Sensory scores indicated all products ware in the acceptable range for tenderness, juiciness and ham flavor; however, the 100% T product had increased of flavor (P$lt;0,05) and lower overall acceptability (P$lt;0.05). Visual characteristics flavored the higher % T products (P$lt;0.05). TBA values were in the acceptable range. Product color decreased during storage. Total plate counts from samples stored 0, 30 and 60 days did not show treatment effects. Results from this study indicate that composite pork-turkey products can be manufactured that have acceptable sensory, microbiological, and functional properties.
Quantum Confinement Effects in Nanoscale-Thickness InAs Membranes
Takei, Kuniharu,Fang, Hui,Kumar, S. Bala,Kapadia, Rehan,Gao, Qun,Madsen, Morten,Kim, Ha Sul,Liu, Chin-Hung,Chueh, Yu-Lun,Plis, Elena,Krishna, Sanjay,Bechtel, Hans A.,Guo, Jing,Javey, Ali American Chemical Society 2011 NANO LETTERS Vol.11 No.11
<P>Nanoscale size effects drastically alter the fundamental properties of semiconductors. Here, we investigate the dominant role of quantum confinement in the field-effect device properties of free-standing InAs nanomembranes with varied thicknesses of 5–50 nm. First, optical absorption studies are performed by transferring InAs “quantum membranes” (QMs) onto transparent substrates, from which the quantized sub-bands are directly visualized. These sub-bands determine the contact resistance of the system with the experimental values consistent with the expected number of quantum transport modes available for a given thickness. Finally, the effective electron mobility of InAs QMs is shown to exhibit anomalous field and thickness dependences that are in distinct contrast to the conventional MOSFET models, arising from the strong quantum confinement of carriers. The results provide an important advance toward establishing the fundamental device physics of two-dimensional semiconductors.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2011/nalefd.2011.11.issue-11/nl2030322/production/images/medium/nl-2011-030322_0003.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl2030322'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>