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      • KCI등재

        Effects of additional electrical stimulation and pre-rigor conditioning temperature on the ageing potential of hot-boned bovine muscles

        Balan Prabhu,Farouk Mustafa M.,Staincliffe Maryann,Stuart Adam D,Kemp Robert,Craigie Cameron 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.10

        Objective: The aim of this study is to characterize the impact of additional electrical stimulation (AES) and various pre-rigor holding temperatures (for 3 h) on the ageing-potential of hot boned bovine M. longissimus lumborum (LL). Methods: Paired LL loins from 12 bulls were hot-boned within 40 min of slaughter, immediate AES applied and subjected to various holding temperatures (5°C, 15°C, 25°C, and 35°C) for 3 h. Results: AES did not accelerate the rate of rigor attainment, but the 3 h pre-rigor holding temperature did. Shear force values decreased as the pre-rigor holding temperatures increased. AES and holding for 3 h (at 25°C) resulted in higher water-holding capacity. Conclusion: Data confirmed that AES did not influence the various meat quality parameters in the present study, but pre-rigor holding temperature (25°C) alone or in combination with AES resulted in superior meat quality.

      • KCI등재

        Ginsenosides analysis of New Zealand – grown forest Panax ginseng by LC-QTOF-MS/MS

        Wei Chen,Prabhu Balan,David G. Popovich 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.4

        Background: Ginsenosides are the unique and bioactive components in ginseng. Ginsenosides areaffected by the growing environment and conditions. In New Zealand (NZ), Panax ginseng Meyer(P. ginseng) is grown as a secondary crop under a pine tree canopy with an open-field forest environment. There is no thorough analysis reported about NZ-grown ginseng. Methods: Ginsenosides from NZ-grown P. ginseng in different parts (main root, fine root, rhizome, stem,and leaf) with different ages (6, 12, 13, and 14 years) were extracted by ultrasonic extraction and characterizedby Liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Twenty-one ginsenosides in these samples were accurately quantified and relatively quantified with 13ginsenoside standards. Results: All compounds were separated in 40 min, and a total of 102 ginsenosides were identified bymatching MS spectra data with 23 standard references or published known ginsenosides from P. ginseng. The quantitative results showed that the total content of ginsenosides in various parts of P. ginsengvaried, which was not obviously dependent on age. In the underground parts, the 13-year-old ginsengroot contained more abundant ginsenosides among tested ginseng samples, whereas in the abovegroundparts, the greatest amount of ginsenosides was from the 14-year-old sample. In addition, the amount ofginsenosides is higher in the leaf and fine root and much lower in the stem than in the other parts ofP. ginseng. Conclusion: This study provides the first-ever comprehensive report on NZ-grown wild simulatedP. ginseng.

      • SCIESCOPUSKCI등재

        Ginsenosides analysis of New Zealand-grown forest Panax ginseng by LC-QTOF-MS/MS

        Chen, Wei,Balan, Prabhu,Popovich, David G. The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.4

        Background: Ginsenosides are the unique and bioactive components in ginseng. Ginsenosides are affected by the growing environment and conditions. In New Zealand (NZ), Panax ginseng Meyer (P. ginseng) is grown as a secondary crop under a pine tree canopy with an open-field forest environment. There is no thorough analysis reported about NZ-grown ginseng. Methods: Ginsenosides from NZ-grown P. ginseng in different parts (main root, fine root, rhizome, stem, and leaf) with different ages (6, 12, 13, and 14 years) were extracted by ultrasonic extraction and characterized by Liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Twenty-one ginsenosides in these samples were accurately quantified and relatively quantified with 13 ginsenoside standards. Results: All compounds were separated in 40 min, and a total of 102 ginsenosides were identified by matching MS spectra data with 23 standard references or published known ginsenosides from P. ginseng. The quantitative results showed that the total content of ginsenosides in various parts of P. ginseng varied, which was not obviously dependent on age. In the underground parts, the 13-year-old ginseng root contained more abundant ginsenosides among tested ginseng samples, whereas in the aboveground parts, the greatest amount of ginsenosides was from the 14-year-old sample. In addition, the amount of ginsenosides is higher in the leaf and fine root and much lower in the stem than in the other parts of P. ginseng. Conclusion: This study provides the first-ever comprehensive report on NZ-grown wild simulated P. ginseng.

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