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Kim, Wooki,Kim, Sang-Youn,Kim, Dae-Ok,Kim, Byung-Yong,Baik, Moo-Yeol Elsevier 2018 Food chemistry Vol.240 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Puffing of coffee beans, which induces heat- and pressure-derived physicochemical changes, was applied as an alternative to roasting. Roasted or puffed coffee beans with equivalent lightness values were compared. The moisture content was higher while the crude fat and protein compositions were lower in puffed beans than in roasted beans. The pH was lower and the acid content was higher in puffed beans than in roasted beans. The roasted beans exhibited greater specific volumes, while the puffed beans displayed greater extraction yields. The trigonelline and total phenolic contents were greater in puffed beans than in roasted beans resulting in an enhanced antioxidant capacity. Sensory evaluation of roasted and puffed coffee bean brews revealed that puffing did not affect the flavor or overall acceptance. The current study provides evidence that puffing is an alternative to roasting coffee beans with various benefits.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Puffing is a novel alternative of roasting in coffee processing. </LI> <LI> Puffing increased extraction yield and antioxidant capacity compared to roasting. </LI> <LI> Puffing did not increase specific volume but increased extraction yield. </LI> <LI> Chlorogenic acid and trigonelline contents significantly reduced with roasting. </LI> </UL> </P>
Kim, Sung-Joon,Jun, Jae-Yeoul,Choi, Youn-Baik,Kim, Ki-Whan,Kim, Woo-Gyeum The Korean Physiological Society 1994 대한생리학회지 Vol.28 No.1
Synthetic potassium channel openers (KCOs) are agents capable of opening K-channels in excitable cells. These agents are known to have their maximal potency in the smooth muscle tissue, especially in the vascular smooth muscle. Much attention has been focused on the type of K-channel that is responsible for mediating the effects of KCOs. As the KCO-induced changes are antagonized by glibenclamide, an $K_{ATP}$ (ATP-sensitive K-channel) blocker in the pancreatic ${\beta}-cell,\;K_{ATP}$ was suggested to be the channel responsible. However, there also are many results in favor of other types of K-channel $$(maxi-K,\;small\;conductance\;K_{Ca,}\; SK_{ATP}) mediating the effects of KCOs. Effects of lemakalim, (-)enantiomer of cromakalim (BRL 34915), on the spontaneous contractions and slow waves, were investigated in the antral circular muscle of the guinea-pig stomach. Membrane currents and the effects on membrane currents and single channel activities were also measured in single smooth muscle cells and excised membrane patches by using the patch clamp method. Lemakalim induced hyperpolarization and inhibited spontaneous contractions in a dose-dependent manner. These effects were blocked by glibenclamide and low concentrations of tetraethyl ammonium (< mM). Glibenclamide blocked the effect of lemakalim on the membrane potential and slow waves. The mechanoinhibitory effect of lemakalim was blocked by pretreatment with glibenclamide. In a whole ceIl patch clamp condition, lemakalim largely increased outward K currents. These outward K currents were blocked by TEA, glibenclamide and a high concentration of intracelIular EGTA (10 mM). Volatage-gated Ca currents were not affected by lemakalim. In inside-out patch clamp experiments, lemakalim increased the opening frequency of the large conductance $Ca^{2+}-activated$ K channels $(BK_{Ca},\;Maxi-K).$ From these results, it is suggested that lemakalim induces hyperpolarization by opening K-channels which are sensitive to internal Ca and such a hyperpolarization leads to the inhibition of the spontaneous contraction.
Kim, Jong Bok,Lim, Ju Ri,Park, Jin Seol,Ahn, Han Jin,Lee, Min Jung,Jo, Sung Jin,Kim, Mihee,Kang, Daeseung,Lee, Se Jong,Kim, Youn Sang,Baik, Hong Koo WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2008 Advanced Functional Materials Vol.18 No.8
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We report a new strategy, the directional peeling of a rigiflex mold with a nanostructure, to overcome several problems with general patterning techniques for liquid‐crystal (LC) alignment. These include difficulty in generating the pretilt angle and in controlling the LC rising‐up direction, formation of local domains, and weak optical properties. The directional peeling of the rigiflex mold results in pretilt‐angle formation and controls the LC rising‐up direction. In addition, a nanostructure with small spacing aligns the LC with a high order parameter because of a strong confinement effect and suppresses diffraction due to its small spacing. Eventually, the nanostructure achieves improvements in the optical properties. In summary, while recent patterning techniques for LC alignment only solve one problem, the directional peeling of the rigiflex mold with a nanostructure simultaneously overcomes several problems with LC alignment and optical properties.</P>
The Role of Free Radicals in Hemolytic Toxicity Induced by Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Jet
Baik, Ku Youn,Huh, Yoon Ho,Kim, Yong Hee,Kim, Jeongho,Kim, Min Su,Park, Hun-Kuk,Choi, Eun Ha,Park, Byoungchoo Hindawi 2017 Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity Vol.2017 No.-
<P>Atmospheric-pressure plasma (APP) has received attention due to its generation of various kinds of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). The controllability, as well as the complexity, is one of the strong points of APP in various applications. For biological applications of this novel method, the cytotoxicity should be estimated at various levels. Herein, we suggest red blood cell (RBC) as a good cell model that is simpler than nucleated cells but much more complex than other lipid model systems. Air and N<SUB>2</SUB> gases were compared to verify the main ROS/RNS in cytotoxicity, and microscopic and spectroscopic analyses were performed to estimate the damages induced on RBCs. The results shown here will provide basic information on APP-induced cytotoxicity at cellular and molecular levels.</P>
Differentiation of human labia minora dermis-derived fibroblasts into insulin-producing cells
Kim, Bona,Yoon, Byung Sun,Moon, Jai-Hee,Kim, Jonggun,Jun, Eun Kyoung,Lee, Jung Han,Kim, Jun Sung,Baik, Cheong Soon,Kim, Aeree,Whang, Kwang Youn,You, Seungkwon Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bion 2012 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.44 No.1
Recent evidence has suggested that human skin fibroblasts may represent a novel source of therapeutic stem cells. In this study, we report a 3-stage method to induce the differentiation of skin fibroblasts into insulin-producing cells (IPCs). In stage 1, we establish the isolation, expansion and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells from human labia minora dermis-derived fibroblasts (hLMDFs) (stage 1: MSC expansion). hLMDFs express the typical mesenchymal stem cell marker proteins and can differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondrocytes or muscle cells. In stage 2, DMEM/F12 serum-free medium with ITS mix (insulin, transferrin, and selenite) is used to induce differentiation of hLMDFs into endoderm-like cells, as determined by the expression of the endoderm markers Sox17, Foxa2, and PDX1 (stage 2: mesenchymal-endoderm transition). In stage 3, cells in the mesenchymal-endoderm transition stage are treated with nicotinamide in order to further differentiate into self-assembled, 3-dimensional islet cell-like clusters that express multiple genes related to pancreatic ${\beta}$-cell development and function (stage 3: IPC). We also found that the transplantation of IPCs can normalize blood glucose levels and rescue glucose homeostasis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. These results indicate that hLMDFs have the capacity to differentiate into functionally competent IPCs and represent a potential cell-based treatment for diabetes mellitus.
Hypothalamic Angptl4/Fiaf Is a Novel Regulator of Food Intake and Body Weight
Kim, Hyun-Kyong,Youn, Byung-Soo,Shin, Mi-Seon,Namkoong, Churl,Park, Kyeong Han,Baik, Ja Hyun,Kim, Jae Bum,Park, Joong-Yeol,Lee, Ki-up,Kim, Young-Bum,Kim, Min-Seon American Diabetes Association 2010 Diabetes Vol.59 No.11
<P><B>OBJECTIVE</B></P><P>The angiopoietin-like protein 4 (Angptl4)/fasting-induced adipose factor (Fiaf) is known as a regulator of peripheral lipid and glucose metabolism. In the present study, we investigated the physiological role of Angptl4 in central regulation of body weight homeostasis.</P><P><B>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</B></P><P>Hypothalamic Angptl4 expression levels were measured using immunoblot assay during feeding manipulation or after administration of leptin, insulin, and nutrients. The effects of Angptl4 on food intake, body weight, and energy expenditure were determined following intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of Angptl4 in C57BL/6 mice. Food intake, energy metabolism, and feeding responses to leptin, insulin, and nutrients were compared between Angptl4-null mice and their wild littermates. Finally, the relationship of hypothalamic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Angptl4 was studied.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>Hypothalamic Angptl4 expression levels were increased upon food intake or administration of leptin, insulin, and nutrients. Furthermore, central administration of Angptl4 suppressed food intake and body weight gain but enhanced energy expenditure. These effects were mediated via suppression of hypothalamic AMPK activities. Consistently, Angptl4-null mice displayed increased body weight and hypothalamic AMPK activity but reduced energy expenditure. Food intake following a fast was significantly greater in Angptl4-null mice, which was normalized by centrally administered Angptl4. Moreover, anorectic responses to leptin, insulin, and glucose were diminished in Angptl4-null mice. In contrast, Angptl4-null mice were resistant to diet-induced obesity, indicating obesity-promoting effects of Angptl4 under the condition of fat-enriched diet.</P><P><B>CONCLUSIONS</B></P><P>We have demonstrated that hypothalamic Angptl4 is regulated by physiological appetite regulators and mediates their anorexigenic effects via inhibition of hypothalamic AMPK activity. Therefore, Angptl4 appears to have an important role in central regulation of energy metabolism.</P>