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Effect of Highly Pressurized Hydrogen Gas Charging on the Hydrogen Embrittlement of API X70 Steel
Dong-Su Bae,Chi-Eun Sung1,Hyun-Ju Bang,Sang-Pill Lee,Jin-Kyung Lee,In-Soo Son,조영래,Un-Bong Baek,Seung-HoonNahm 대한금속·재료학회 2014 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.20 No.4
During the use of API X70 steel as a pipeline structural material for the transportation of natural gas,hydrogen embrittlement can occur due to the hydrogen contained in natural gas. The aim of this study is toinvestigate the effects of the hydrogen content under high-pressure hydrogen gas conditions on the hydrogenembrittlement of air-cooled API X70 steel. The air-cooled API X70 steel was manufactured by hot rollingand was then air-cooled to room temperature. Tensile test specimens were held for 0 h, 1000 h, and 2000 hwithin a pressure vessel filled with 100% hydrogen gas at a gas pressure of 10 MPa, with the tensile teststhen performed at room temperature. The microstructure of the API X70 steel consists of coarse polygonalferrite, coarse pearlite, and fine acicular ferrite. The yield and tensile strength increased and elongationdecreased considerably after a holding time of 2000 h compared to those of 0 h and 1000 h within the pressurevessel. The morphology of the fracture surface changed from ductile to brittle upon hydrogen gas charging. Secondary cracks were observed in both of the hydrogen-gas-charged specimens. No external cracks wereformed on the surface of the tensile-tested specimen with a 0 h holding time; however, many external crackswere observed on the specimen surface subjected to hydrogen gas charging.
Non-Contiguous Spinal Injury in Cervical Spinal Trauma: Evaluation with Cervical Spine MRI
Soo-Jung Choi,Myung Jin Shin,Sung Moon Kim,Sang-Jin Bae 대한영상의학회 2004 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.5 No.4
Cervical spinal trauma is commonly accompanied with other non-contiguous spinal injuries. The lower cervical and upper thoracic regions are especially notorious for this (1 4), and for this reason, it has been emphasized that the whole cervical spine including the cervicothoracic junction (CTJ) must be examined radiologically in any neck injury (4 5). Non-contiguous fractures of the entire spinal column have been recognized in 4.0 24.0% of cases in the previous reports following violent trauma (1, 6 13). In addition, Shear et al. (14) have reported non-contiguous fractures and subluxations of the cervical spine as a distinct group of injuries having a 9% incidence. However, these studies were based only on the plain radiographs. MR imaging has had an increasing role for the detection of the non-contiguous spinal injuries (15, 16) as well as for the assessment of the spinal injury itself (17 20). In addition, because CTJ and some thoracic spines are usually included in the field of view of the sagittal scan on the cervical spinal MR, information about these areas could well be documented on the cervical spine MR. From this point of view, this study was undertaken to evaluate the incidence of non-contiguous spinal injury in the CTJ or the upper thoracic spines on cervical spinal MR images for the patients having cervical spinal injury.
Bae, Sung Min,Lee, Seung Hee,Kwak, Won Suk,Ahn, Yong Oh,Shin, Tae Young,Woo, Soo Dong Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2014 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.29 No.2
The structural proteins of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) consist of nucleocapsid protein C and envelope glycoprotein $E^{rns}$ (E0), E1 and E2. Among them, E2, the most immunogenic of the CSFV glycoproteins, induces a protective immune response in swine. In this study, to determine the optimal expression conditions of glycoprotein E2 using baculovirus system, we investigated the influence of insect cells and media to the expression of recombinant E2. Recombinant virus containing glycoprotein E2 coding gene was constructed with bApGOZA DNA. Expression of the glycoprotein E2 was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis using anti-CSFV E2 monoclonal antibodies. Expression of glycoprotein E2 in Sf21 cells was first observed after 3 days and reached a maximum on the 5th day after infection. Furthermore, the highest levels of glycoprotein E2 expression were observed at multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 5. When three different insect cell lines (Sf21, High-Five and Se301) were tested, High-Five cells showed the highest production. In addition, four different serum-free and serum-supplemented media, respectively, were tested for the expression of glycoprotein E2 and the budded virus (BV) titers. As a result, serum-supplemented medium provided the best conditions for protein production and the BV yield.
( Sung Ha Bae ),( Jae Hyuck Chang ),( Sok Won Park ),( Chang Whan Kim ),( Youn Jung Park ),( Kyung Soo Lee ),( Mi Hee Park ),( Jong Won Park ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) is a systemic disease and gastrointestinal GI) involvement is frequent. Nonetheless, eosinophilic vasculitis-related esophagitis is very rare. Herein, we report a case of CSS presented as severe esophagitis with necrosis. Methods: We reviewed retrospectively the medical record of a patient with severe esophagitis associated with CSS from the department of gastroenterology, rheumatology, and otolaryngology in the university hospital. Results: A 75-year-old man was hospitalized because of recurrent oral bleeding. The patient had a history of asthma. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) showed longitudinal ulcer, black pigmentation in the middle and lower third esophagus(Figure A). The mucosa was black and friable with adherent exudates. The esophageal and nasal mucosal biopsy specimens indicated vasculitis with extravascular eosinophilic infi ltration Figure B). Para-nasal sinus computed tomography demonstrated bilateral maxillary sinusitis. Despite proton pump inhibitor, diffuse esophageal ulceration improved slightly during follow-up period. One year later, the patient was re-admitted due to hematemesis. A chest X-ray revealed pulmonary infi ltrations. EGD showed diffuse esophageal ulceration coated with necrotic debris (Figure C). Electromyography showed peripheral polyneuropathy. Treatment with steroid in combination of cyclophosphamide was performed. On the follow-up EGD one month later, the esophagitis somewhat improved Figure D). Discussion: Although GI involvement in CCS is reported in 8 to 59%, esophageal involvement as the fi rst manifestation has rarely been reported. This case was characterized by the unusual esophageal involvement with extravascular eosinophils as the fi rst presentation. We reported here a case of recurrent severe necrotic esophagitis with extravascular eosinophil, which was fi nally diagnosed as CCS.
Sung-Man Cho,Zheng Gen Piao,Yoon Bae Kim,Joong-Soo Kim,Kyungpyo Park 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2002 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.6 No.6
<P> There are some evidences that K<SUP></SUP> efflux evoked by muscarinic stimulation is not mainly mediated by large conductance K<SUP></SUP> (BK) channels in salivary gland. In this experiment, we therefore characterised non BK channels in rat submandibular gland acinar cells and examined the possibility of agonist effect on this channel using a patch clamp technique. Two types of K<SUP></SUP> channels were observed in these cells. BK channels were observed in 3 cells from total 6 cells and its average conductance was 152⁑7 pS (n=3). The conductance of the another types of K<SUP></SUP> channel was estimated as 71⁑7 pS (n=6). On the basis of the conductance of this channel, we defined this channel as intermediate conductance K<SUP> </SUP>(IK) channels, which were observed from all 6 cells we studied. When we increased Ca<SUP>2</SUP> concentration of the bath solution in inside-out mode, the IK channel activity was greatly increased, suggesting this channel is Ca<SUP>2</SUP> sensitive. We next examined the effect of carbachol (CCh) and isoproterenol on the activity of the IK channels. 10<SUP>5 </SUP>M isoproterenol significantly increased the open probability (Po) from 0.08⁑0.02 to 0.21⁑0.03 (n=4, P<0.05). Application of 10<SUP>5 </SUP>M CCh also increased Po from 0.048⁑0.03 to 0.55⁑0.33 (n=5, P<0.05) at the maximum channel activity. The degree of BK channel activation induced by the same concentration of CCh was lower than that of IK channels; Po value was 0.011⁑0.003 and 0.027⁑0.005 in control and during CCh stimulation (n=3), respectively. The result suggests that IK channels exist in salivary acinar cells and its channel activity is regulated by muscaricinic and β- adrenergic agonist. We conclude that IK channels also play a putative role in secretion as well as the BK channels in rat submandibular gland acinar cells.
An Analysis of Likability of Insects in Korea
( Sung Min Bae ),( Young Soon Jun ),( Tae Young Shin ),( Soo Dong Woo ) 한국잠사학회 2014 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.29 No.2
To investigate the degree of individuals`` likability of insects, a survey was conducted with students and adults living in Korea. Overall, for insect-related questions, positive responses were higher than negative ones. Among the positive responses, the personal rearing of insects scored lower than others. The unconditional dislike of insects scored highest in the negative responses. A significant differences and correlations were found between males and females, students and adults, people experienced in insect-related events and those who were not. In particular, previous experience in insect-related events significantly influenced insect likability. Subjects preferred coleopteran and lepidopteran insects to others. However, this preference of insects differed by gender: Male participants preferred coleopteran insects to lepidopteran insects, while female participants preferred lepidopteran insects to coleopteran ones. No significant differences in the preference of insects were found by participants`` job, residence, or experience in insect-related events. These findings suggest that gender is the most important factor to consider in selecting insects to be used as therapeutic tools in mental health care.
Bae Young-Soo,Yoon Sang Ho,Kim Young Sook,Oh Sung Pyo,Song Woo Seok,Cha Jin Hee,Kim Myoung-Hwan 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-
Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are common causes of neurodevelopmental disorders, including microcephaly, hyperactivity, and intellectual disability. However, the synaptic mechanisms of and pharmacological interventions for the neurological complications of most IEMs are unclear. Here, we report that metabolic dysfunction perturbs neuronal NMDA receptor (NMDAR) homeostasis and that the restoration of NMDAR signaling ameliorates neurodevelopmental and cognitive deficits in IEM model mice that lack aminopeptidase P1. Aminopeptidase P1-deficient (Xpnpep1–/–) mice, with a disruption of the proline-specific metalloprotease gene Xpnpep1, exhibit hippocampal neurodegeneration, behavioral hyperactivity, and impaired hippocampus-dependent learning. In this study, we found that GluN1 and GluN2A expression, NMDAR activity, and the NMDAR-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) of excitatory synaptic transmission were markedly enhanced in the hippocampi of Xpnpep1–/– mice. The exaggerated NMDAR activity and NMDAR-dependent LTP were reversed by the NMDAR antagonist memantine. A single administration of memantine reversed hyperactivity in adult Xpnpep1–/– mice without improving learning and memory. Furthermore, chronic administration of memantine ameliorated hippocampal neurodegeneration, hyperactivity, and impaired learning and memory in Xpnpep1–/– mice. In addition, abnormally enhanced NMDAR-dependent LTP and NMDAR downstream signaling in the hippocampi of Xpnpep1–/– mice were reversed by chronic memantine treatment. These results suggest that the metabolic dysfunction caused by aminopeptidase P1 deficiency leads to synaptic dysfunction with excessive NMDAR activity, and the restoration of synaptic function may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neurological complications related to IEMs.