Effect of different oils and sugar syrups on the properties of tray kadayif (traditional Turkish dessert)

Başar Burak,Boz Hüseyin 한국식품연구원 2023 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.10 No.13

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of different oils and sugar syrups on the sensory and textural properties of traditional Turkish dessert the tray kadayif. The textural parameters of the tray kadayif samples were significantly (P < 0.01) affected by the replacement of sunflower oil and hazelnut oil with butter. The cutting hardness values of the tray kadayif samples increased with the increase in the amount of sunflower oil added to the formulations. The highest hardness values were achieved in formulations without butter in terms of both cutting hardness and fork hardness. The stickiness values reached the highest level in formulations containing 50% sunflower oil, 50% butter and 0% hazelnut oil. When the sugar syrups were compared, the stickiness values of the samples with sucrose syrup were found to be higher than the samples with glucose syrup. As a result of the sensory analysis conducted, though all the formulations were accepted by panelists, the highest score from the panelists was received by the formulations containing 75% butter and 25% oil (sunflower and hazelnut oil). It was also determined that the tray kadayif samples prepared with sucrose syrup had higher scores than the samples prepared with glucose syrup in terms of sensory properties.

Physicochemical and Microbiological Characterization of Protected Designation of Origin Ezine Cheese: Assessment of Non-starter Lactic Acid Bacterial Diversity with Antimicrobial Activity

Baş,ar Uymaz,Nefise Akç,elik,Zerrin Yü,ksel 한국축산식품학회 2019 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.39 No.5

Ezine cheese is a non-starter and long-ripened cheese produced in the Mount of Ida region of Çanakkale, Turkey, with a protected designation of origin status. Nonstarter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) have a substantial effect on the quality and final sensorial characteristics of long-ripened cheeses. The dominance of NSLAB can be attributed to their high tolerance to the hostile environment in cheese during ripening relative to many other microbial groups and to its ability to inhibit undesired microorganisms. These qualities promote the microbiological stability of long-ripened cheeses. In this study, 144 samples were collected from three dairies during the ripening period of Ezine cheese. Physicochemical composition and NSLAB identification analyses were performed using both conventional and molecular methods. According to the results of a 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, 13 different species belonging to seven genera were identified. Enterococcus faecium (38.42%) and E. faecalis (18.94%) were dominant species during the cheese manufacturing process, surviving 12 months of ripening together with Lactobacillus paracasei (13.68%) and Lb. plantarum (11.05%). The results indicate that NSLAB contributes to the microbiological stability of Ezine cheese over 12 months of ripening. The isolation of NSLAB with antimicrobial activity, potential bacteriocin producers, yielded defined collections of natural NSLAB isolates from Ezine cheese that can be used to generate specific starter cultures for the production of Ezine cheese (PDO).

Small Size Autograft versus Large Size Allograft in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Alper Kurtoğlu,Betül Başar,Gökhan Başar,Ömer Gezginaslan,Hakan Başar 대한정형외과학회 2021 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.13 No.1

Background: A small autograft diameter negatively affects functional outcomes, knee stability, and the risk of rerupture after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, whereas the strength of allograft decreases over time. Therefore, it is not clear whether the use of smaller autografts or the use of larger allografts in ACL yields better results. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of smaller autografts and larger allografts for ACL reconstruction. Methods: Fifty-one patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with hamstring tendon autografts (size ≤ 8 mm) and 21 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with allografts (size ≥ 10 mm) were included in our study. All patients underwent the same aggressive early postoperative rehabilitation program. There were no significant differences between the autograft and allograft groups regarding the preoperative patient age, sex, time from injury to surgery, and average follow-up time. Results: The mean diameter of the 4-stranded hamstring tendon grafts used as autografts was 7.48 ± 0.33 mm and the mean diameter of the allografts was 10.76 ± 0.67 mm. According to specific tests for the ACL (anterior drawer, Lachman, and pivot shift) and clinical evaluation tests (Lysholm knee scoring scale and International Knee Documentation Committee questionnaire), the final follow-up results were significantly better than the preoperative status in both autograft and allograft ACL reconstruction groups. Therefore, there were no significant differences between the autograft and allograft groups preoperatively and at the final follow-up. Conclusions: The large size of the graft in ACL reconstruction has been reported to affect results positively. However, in our study, we could not find any significant differences between the smaller size autografts and larger size allografts in terms of inadequacy, rerupture, and final follow-up functional results. Although allografts were significantly larger than autografts, we did not have the positive effect of larger size grafts. Smaller size autografts were as effective as the larger size allografts.

Estimating the Optimal Dexketoprofen Pharmaceutical Formulation with Machine Learning Methods and Statistical Approaches

Atakan Başkor,Yağmur Pirinçci Tok,Burcu Mesut,Yıldız Özsoy,Tamer Uçar 대한의료정보학회 2021 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.27 No.4

Objectives: Orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) can be utilized without any drinking water; this feature makes ODTs easy touse and suitable for specific groups of patients. Oral administration of drugs is the most commonly used route, and tabletsconstitute the most preferable pharmaceutical dosage form. However, the preparation of ODTs is costly and requires longtrials, which creates obstacles for dosage trials. The aim of this study was to identify the most appropriate formulation usingmachine learning (ML) models of ODT dexketoprofen formulations, with the goal of providing a cost-effective and timereducingsolution. Methods: This research utilized nonlinear regression models, including the k-nearest neighborhood (k-NN), support vector regression (SVR), classification and regression tree (CART), bootstrap aggregating (bagging), randomforest (RF), gradient boosting machine (GBM), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) methods, as well as the t-test, topredict the quantity of various components in the dexketoprofen formulation within fixed criteria. Results: All the modelswere developed with Python libraries. The performance of the ML models was evaluated with R2 values and the root meansquare error. Hardness values of 0.99 and 2.88, friability values of 0.92 and 0.02, and disintegration time values of 0.97 and10.09 using the GBM algorithm gave the best results. Conclusions: In this study, we developed a computational approach toestimate the optimal pharmaceutical formulation of dexketoprofen. The results were evaluated by an expert, and it was foundthat they complied with Food and Drug Administration criteria.

Scapular muscle endurance, shoulder pain, and functionality in patients with rotator-cuff-related shoulder pain: a matched, case-control study

Uğur Sözlü,Selda Başar,Ulunay Kanatlı 대한견주관절학회 2024 대한견주관절의학회지 Vol.27 No.1

Background: Deficiency in scapular muscle endurance (SME) is a risk factor for rotator-cuff-related shoulder pain (RCRSP). However, the exact relationship among SME, pain, and functionality remains unclear. This study aims to compare SME, pain, and functionality in RCRSP patients to those in age-sex-matched healthy controls. Methods: Twenty-three patients with RCRSP and 23 age-sex matched healthy controls were included in the study. SME was measured using a 1-kg dynamometer. Self-reported pain level was assessed using a visual analog scale. The Functional Impairment Test-Hand, Neck, Shoulder, and Arm (FIT-HaNSA) was also used to assess functional impairment. Results: The control group had higher SME and total FIT-HaNSA scores than the patient group (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant and positive correlation between SME and FIT-HaNSA scores in both groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: SME was affected by RCRSP. Pain and functional impairment were correlated with low SME. Level of evidence: IV.

Superoxide Anion Production by the Spermatozoa of Men with Varicocele: Relationship with Varicocele Grade and Semen Parameters

İlter Alkan,Meral Yüksel,Halil Lütfi Canat,Hasan Anıl Atalay,Osman Can,Hakan Özveri,Mehmet Murad Başar 대한남성과학회 2018 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.36 No.3

Purpose: To investigate the pathophysiological role of superoxide anion and total reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by the spermatozoa of men with varicocele and its relationship with varicocele grade and semen parameters. Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 34 men with grade II–III varicocele, regardless of their fertility status. The control group consisted of 13 healthy men. Semen characteristics were examined according to the 2010 World Health Organization criteria. The swim-up method was used for sperm preparation. Total ROS and superoxide anion production was assayed by luminol- and lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence (CL), respectively. Results: The men with varicocele had significantly higher total ROS and superoxide anion levels than the healthy control subjects (2.9±0.4 relative light unit (RLU) vs. 2.4±0.1 RLU, p=0.001 for luminol-dependent CL and 2.8±0.4 RLU vs. 2.3±0.2 RLU, p=0.002 for lucigenin-dependent CL). Cases of grade III varicocele had significantly higher superoxide anion and total ROS levels than grade II cases and control subjects (p<0.001). Superoxide anion and total ROS levels were negatively correlated with all semen parameters. Conclusions: The superoxide anion levels produced by spermatozoa were significantly higher in varicocele patients than in control subjects. ROS production was related to increased varicocele grade, impaired semen concentration, and abnormal morphology in men with varicocele. Our findings suggest that superoxide anion overproduction may be an important step in the cascade of ROS-related damage to spermatozoa, resulting in impaired semen parameters in patients with varicocele.

Linear quadratic mean field Stackelberg differential games

Moon, Jun,Baş,ar, Tamer Elsevier 2018 Automatica Vol.97 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We consider linear–quadratic mean field Stackelberg differential games with the adapted open-loop information structure of the leader. There are one leader and N followers, where N is arbitrarily large. The leader holds a dominating position in the game in the sense that the leader first chooses and then announces the optimal strategy to which the N followers respond by playing a Nash game, i.e., choosing their optimal strategies noncooperatively and simultaneously based on the leader’s observed strategy. In our setting, the followers are coupled with each other through the mean field term included in their cost functions, and are strongly influenced by the leader’s open-loop strategy included in their cost functions and dynamics. From the leader’s perspective, he is coupled with the N followers through the mean field term included in his cost function. To circumvent the complexity brought about by the coupling nature among the leader and the followers with large N , which makes the use of the direct approach almost impossible, our approach in this paper is to characterize an approximated stochastic mean field process by solving a local optimal control problem of the followers with leader’s control taken as an exogenous stochastic process. We show that for each fixed strategy of the leader, the followers’ local optimal decentralized strategies lead to an ϵ -Nash equilibrium. The paper then solves the leader’s local optimal control problem, as a nonstandard constrained optimization problem, with constraints being induced by the approximated mean field process determined by Nash followers (which also depend on the leader’s control). We show that the local optimal decentralized controllers for the leader and the followers constitute an ( <SUB> ϵ 1 </SUB> , <SUB> ϵ 2 </SUB> ) -Stackelberg–Nash equilibrium for the original game, where <SUB> ϵ 1 </SUB> and <SUB> ϵ 2 </SUB> both converge to zero as N → ∞ . Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the theoretical results.</P>