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        Fundamental study of LaMgxCr1−xO3−δ perovskites nano-photocatalysts: Sol-gel synthesis, characterization and humidity sensing

        Ayyar Manikandan,Susaimanickam Arul Antony,Benjamin Avila Josephine,Vincent Mary Teresita 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.5

        Nanocrystalline perovskite oxides, LaMgxCr1−xO3−δ (x=0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1) were prepared by sol-gel method. The samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms at 77 K, respectively, to identify the structural phases, surface morphology, vibrational stretching frequencies and BET surface area of the samples. Also, it was investigated the humidity sensing characteristics of the samples. The composites were sintered at 800 oC for 5 h and subjected to dc electrical conductivity studies at room temperature. The resistance measurements as a function of relative humidity (RH) in the range of 5-98% were done and the humidity sensing factors (Sf =R5%/R98%) calculated. The activation energy of the compounds were determined from the temperature-dependent electrical conductance experiments in the temperature range of 120-300 oC. LaMgCr-3 (x=0.4) had the highest humidity sensing factor 21407±431, while LaCr-1 (x=0) the lowest sensitivity factor 27.27±2. The response and recovery characteristics were studied for LaMgCr-3, which exhibited good linearity and a very narrow hysteresis loop. The photocatalytic activity of LaMgxCr1−xO3−δ was investigated by using the photo-decomposition of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) under UV-visible light. The sample LaMgCr-3 (x=0.4) showed the highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency (93.05%) than other samples, due to their smaller size of particles with higher surface area.

      • KCI등재

        Size-controlled synthesis of chalcogen and chalcogenide nanoparticles using protic ionic liquids with imidazolium cation

        Boominathan Meenatchi,Velayutham Renuga,Ayyar Manikandan 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.3

        Green synthesis of selenium (chalcogen) nanoparticles (SeNPs) has been successfully attained by simple wet chemical method that involves the reaction of six different protic ionic liquids with imidazolium cations and sodium hydrogen selenide (NaHSe) in the presence of poly ethylene glycol-600 (PEG-600) as an additional stabilizer. The obtained SeNPs were characterized using UV spectral (UV), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and high resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis. The results illustrate that the synthesized SeNPs are spherical in shape with size ranging 19-24 nm and possess good optical property with greater band gap energy, high thermal stability up to 330 oC, low melting point of 218-220 oC comparing to precursor selenium. Using the synthesized SeNPs, two chalcogenides such as ZnSe and CdSe semiconductor nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized using XRD, SEM with EDX and TEM analysis. The fabricated CdSe and ZnSe nanoparticles appeared like pebble and cluster structure with particle size of 29.97 nm and 22.73 nm respectively.

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        Structural, optical and photovoltaic properties of V2O5/ZnO and reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-V2O5/ZnO nanocomposite photoanodes for dye-sensitized solar cells

        Lakshmi C. Bhagya,Venus S. Anna,Velanganni S.,Muthukrishnaraj A.,Ayyar Manikandan,Henini Mohamed 한국탄소학회 2024 Carbon Letters Vol.34 No.1

        Recently, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) can be seen as a talented alternate to the conservative photovoltaic strategies and has fascinated significant consideration as they offer the opportunity for low-cost and also high alteration photovoltaic (PV) energy [1,2,3]. Over the last decade, researchers have concentrated on developing a photoanode (working electrode) with a diversity of morphologies in order to expand the proficiency of DSSCs. TiO2 is the greatest often active photoanode substantial in DSSCs, owing to its porosity and durable catalytic nature. Recently discovered interface properties such as charge departure, converse recombination, and tricking of photogenerated electrons in semiconductor device outsides self-sufficiently by defining optimal material mixtures and their gathering [4, 5]. To maximize overall energy conversion efficiency (ECE), it is essential to construct a combination of materials consisting of various metal oxide semiconductors (MOS) that reduces recombination currents, improves light absorption, ensures a good electric connection.

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        Carbon based manganese oxide (MnO2, MnO2/MWCNT and MnO2/rGO) composite electrodes for high-stability Li-ion batteries

        Rosaiah Pitcheri,Divya Ponnusamy,Sambasivam Sangaraju,Tighezza Ammar M.,Kalaivani V.,Muthukrishnaraj A.,Ayyar Manikandan,Niyitanga Theophile,Kim Haekyoung 한국탄소학회 2024 Carbon Letters Vol.34 No.1

        Synthesis of extremely competent materials is of great interest in addressing the energy storage concerns. Manganese oxide nanowires (MnO2 NWs) are prepared in situ with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and graphene oxide (GO) using a simple and effective hydrothermal method. Powder XRD, Raman and XPS analysis are utilized to examine the structural characteristics and chemical state of composites. The initial specific discharge capacity of pure MnO2 NWs, MnO2 NWs/MWCNT and MnO2 NWs/rGO composites are 1225, 1589 and 1685 mAh/g, respectively. The MnO2 NWs/MWCNT and MnO2 NWs/rGO composites showed stable behavior with a specific capacity of 957 and 1108 mAh/g, respectively, after 60 cycles. Moreover, MnO2 NWs/rGO composite sustained a specific capacity of 784 mAh/g, even after 250 cycles at a current density of 1 A/g showing outstanding cycling stability.

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