Fuzzy Quality Function Deployment in Online Shopping Websites - Literature Review

Ashish K. Sharma,Sunanda Khandait 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.4

Today, an effective website design has emerged as a thing of main concern for online shopping businesses and thus the companies involved in the online shopping businesses are aspiring for well-designed websites. In the past, several methods have been reported but they proved unproductive as they failed to handle the decision making involved in the process to evaluate the customer needs efficiently. Thus to cope up with the issue, the paper considers QFD approach as it a customer driven process that strongly assists in guiding the design decisions. The purpose of this paper is to explore the issues that have resulted in the decrease of satisfaction rate of users, analyze the problems with the methods used and propose effective solution through the literature review. The contribution of this paper is manifold. First, it explores QFD at length and evaluates its applicability for effective design of online shopping websites. This helps users understand the decision making capabilities of QFD. Second, it highlights the limitations of QFD approach in handling the vague and imprecise data that arise due to the inherent crisp approach and subjectivity involved in the QFD approach. Finally, the paper proposes fuzzy integration with QFD to deal with the uncertainty and vagueness involved in the QFD process for improved decision making and more precise results leading to effective design of online shopping websites. The literature review is based on information from various research papers, tools and web sources.

Interplay between Cartilage and Subchondral Bone Contributing to Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis

Sharma, Ashish R.,Jagga, Supriya,Lee, Sang-Soo,Nam, Ju-Suk Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MD 2013 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.14 No.10

<P>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common debilitating joint disorder, affecting large sections of the population with significant disability and impaired quality of life. During OA, functional units of joints comprising cartilage and subchondral bone undergo uncontrolled catabolic and anabolic remodeling processes to adapt to local biochemical and biological signals. Changes in cartilage and subchondral bone are not merely secondary manifestations of OA but are active components of the disease, contributing to its severity. Increased vascularization and formation of microcracks in joints during OA have suggested the facilitation of molecules from cartilage to bone and <I>vice versa</I>. Observations from recent studies support the view that both cartilage and subchondral bone can communicate with each other through regulation of signaling pathways for joint homeostasis under pathological conditions. In this review we have tried to summarize the current knowledge on the major signaling pathways that could control the cartilage-bone biochemical unit in joints and participate in intercellular communication between cartilage and subchondral bone during the process of OA. An understanding of molecular communication that regulates the functional behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts in both physiological and pathological conditions may lead to development of more effective strategies for treating OA patients.</P>

Next Generation Delivery System for Proteins and Genes of Therapeutic Purpose: Why and How?

Sharma, Ashish Ranjan,Kundu, Shyamal Kumar,Nam, Ju-Suk,Sharma, Garima,Priya Doss, C. George,Lee, Sang-Soo,Chakraborty, Chiranjib Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 BioMed research international Vol.2014 No.-

<P>Proteins and genes of therapeutic interests in conjunction with different delivery systems are growing towards new heights. “Next generation delivery systems” may provide more efficient platform for delivery of proteins and genes. In the present review, snapshots about the benefits of proteins or gene therapy, general procedures for therapeutic protein or gene delivery system, and different next generation delivery system such as liposome, PEGylation, HESylation, and nanoparticle based delivery have been depicted with their detailed explanation.</P>

Computational Biophysical, Biochemical, and Evolutionary Signature of Human R-Spondin Family Proteins, the Member of Canonical Wnt/ <i>β</i> -Catenin Signaling Pathway

Sharma, Ashish Ranjan,Chakraborty, Chiranjib,Lee, Sang-Soo,Sharma, Garima,Yoon, Jeong Kyo,George Priya Doss, C.,Song, Dong-Keun,Nam, Ju-Suk Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 BioMed research international Vol.2014 No.-

<P>In human, Wnt/<I>β</I>-catenin signaling pathway plays a significant role in cell growth, cell development, and disease pathogenesis. Four human (Rspo)s are known to activate canonical Wnt/<I>β</I>-catenin signaling pathway. Presently, (Rspo)s serve as therapeutic target for several human diseases. Henceforth, basic understanding about the molecular properties of (Rspo)s is essential. We approached this issue by interpreting the biochemical and biophysical properties along with molecular evolution of (Rspo)s thorough computational algorithm methods. Our analysis shows that signal peptide length is roughly similar in (Rspo)s family along with similarity in aa distribution pattern. In Rspo3, four N-glycosylation sites were noted. All members are hydrophilic in nature and showed alike GRAVY values, approximately. Conversely, Rspo3 contains the maximum positively charged residues while Rspo4 includes the lowest. Four highly aligned blocks were recorded through Gblocks. Phylogenetic analysis shows Rspo4 is being rooted with Rspo2 and similarly Rspo3 and Rspo1 have the common point of origin. Through phylogenomics study, we developed a phylogenetic tree of sixty proteins (<I>n</I> = 60) with the orthologs and paralogs seed sequences. Protein-protein network was also illustrated. Results demonstrated in our study may help the future researchers to unfold significant physiological and therapeutic properties of (Rspo)s in various disease models.</P>

An Efficient Task Scheduling of Multiprocessor using Genetic Algorithm based on Task Height

Ashish Sharma,Mandeep Kaur 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.8

Static task scheduling in multiprocessor frameworks is one of the well-defined NP Hard Problem. Due to optimal utilization of processors and in addition investing less time, the Scheduling of tasks in multiprocessor frameworks is of extraordinary significance. To Solve NP Hard Problem using traditional strategies takes reasonable measures of time. Over the time, various heuristic procedures were presented for comprehending it. Therefore, heuristic methods such as Genetic Algorithms are appropriate methods for task scheduling in multiprocessor system. In this paper, a new GA for static task scheduling in multiprocessor systems has been presented whose priority of tasks’ execution is based on the height of task in graph and other mentioned parameters and then scheduling is performed. This proposed method is simulated and then compared with Basic Genetic algorithm.

Genetic Polymorphism in Extracellular Regulators of Wnt Signaling Pathway

Sharma, Garima,Sharma, Ashish Ranjan,Seo, Eun-Min,Nam, Ju-Suk Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015 BioMed research international Vol.2015 No.-

<P>The Wnt signaling pathway is mediated by a family of secreted glycoproteins through canonical and noncanonical mechanism. The signaling pathways are regulated by various modulators, which are classified into two classes on the basis of their interaction with either Wnt or its receptors. Secreted frizzled-related proteins (sFRPs) are the member of class that binds to Wnt protein and antagonizes Wnt signaling pathway. The other class consists of Dickkopf (DKK) proteins family that binds to Wnt receptor complex. The present review discusses the disease related association of various polymorphisms in Wnt signaling modulators. Furthermore, this review also highlights that some of the sFRPs and DKKs are unable to act as an antagonist for Wnt signaling pathway and thus their function needs to be explored more extensively.</P>

Degradation of toxic azo dye (AO7) using Fenton's process

Sharma, Ashish,Verma, Manisha,Haritash, A.K. Techno-Press 2016 Advances in environmental research Vol.5 No.3

This study aimed at advanced oxidation of hetero tri-functional reactive dye Acid orange 7 using photo-Fenton conditions in a lab-scale experiment. Decolourisation of Acid Orange 7 dye by Fenton's process was dependent on concentration of Hydrogen peroxide, Ferrous sulphate, pH, and contact time. A $2^3$ factorial design was used to evaluate the effects of these key factors: pH, Fe(II), and $H_2O_2$ concentration, for a dye concentration of 50 mg/L with COD of 340 mg/L at pH 3.0. The response function was removal of colour under optimised conditions; pH 3.0, [Fe(II)] 40.83 mg/L, [$H_2O_2$] 4.97 mmol/L; 13.6 min. of treatment resulting in 100% colour removal. The final COD of treated wastewater was nil suggesting that AOP is a potentially useful process of color removal and dye degradation/mineralisation of effluent having AO7. Minimum contact time for complete decolourisation was at 5 mmol/l $H_2O_2$ concentration. Increase in $FeSO_4$ (mg/l) concentration resulted in decrease of time for complete decolourisation. Box-Behnken Design was used to optimize the process variables. Maximum and minimum levels of pH (3-5), $H_2O_2$ (4-6 mmol/l), $FeSO_4$ (30-46 mg/l) and contact time (5-15 minutes) were used. The statistical analysis revealed a value of 0.88 for coefficient of regression ($R^2$) indicating a good fit of model. Calculated F-value was found higher than the tabulated value confirming to significance of the model. Based on student's t-test, Ferrous sulphate, pH, and contact time have a positive effect on the percent decolourisation of Acid Orange 7.

Methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide) nanoparticles encapsulating quercetin act as an effective anticancer agent by inducing apoptosis in breast cancer.

Sharma, Garima,Park, Jongbong,Sharma, Ashish Ranjan,Jung, Jun-Sub,Kim, Haesung,Chakraborty, Chiranjib,Song, Dong-Keun,Lee, Sang-Soo,Nam, Ju-Suk Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2015 Pharmaceutical research Vol.32 No.2

<P>Purpose To overcome the therapeutic restrictions offered by hydrophobic quercetin (Qu), this study aims to synthesize MPEG-PLA encapsulated Qu nanoparticle and to evaluate their anticancer efficacy. Materials and Methods In vitro anticancer potential and apoptotic studies were done by cell cytotoxicity assay and flow cytometry, respectively. MPEG-PLA-Qu nanoparticles were evaluated for anticancer efficacy in vivo using xenograft mice model. TUNEL assay was performed to observe the frequency of apoptotic cells in vivo. Results The hydrodynamic particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential and drug loading % of MPEG-PLA-Qu nanoparticle was 155.3 +/- 3.2 nm, 0.2 +/- 0.05, -3.14 mV and 5.3 +/- 1.1%, respectively. Also, MPEG-PLA-Qu showed sustained drug release for 10 days. In vitro results showed that MPEG-PLA-Qu could efficiently induce apoptosis in triple negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) with higher amount of quercetin in cell lysate treated with MPEG-PLA-Qu in comparison to free quercetin. In xenograft model for breast cancer, peritumorally injected MPEG-PLA-Qu significantly inhibited the tumor growth. Moreover, TUNEL assay showed more occurrence of apoptotic cells in MPEG-PLA-Qu treated tumors compared to free quercetin at similar dose. Conclusion Our data suggest that MPEG-PLA-Qu nanoparticle can have a promising clinical potential for the treatment of breast cancer.</P>

Advances in nanocarriers enabled brain targeted drug delivery across blood brain barrier

Sharma, Garima,Sharma, Ashish R.,Lee, Sang-Soo,Bhattacharya, Manojit,Nam, Ju-Suk,Chakraborty, Chiranjib Elsevier 2019 International journal of pharmaceutics Vol.559 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The blood brain barrier (BBB) offers protection to the central nervous system (CNS) by maintaining homeostasis. Besides restricting the entry of harmful xenobiotics and endogenous molecules to CNS, BBB also limits the entry of therapeutic agents. Nanotechnology offers the possibility to deliver small molecules/drugs against CNS disorders across BBB. Recently, due to excellent biocompatibility, functional versatility and unique surface electrostatics properties nanodiamonds are also being explored for their drug delivery potential against BBB. Although, studies has been done to understand the mechanisms involved in drug delivery across BBB, but still, progress in the development of any functional drug delivery systems across BBB is in juvenile stages. For this purpose, the strategic developments of more potent drug delivery systems to CNS <I>via</I> endocytic pathways appears to be the most promising approach. Endocytic pathways are essential for communication and transport of nutrients across BBB in endothelial cells. Moreover, modifications of the nanotherapeutic agents with specific brain capillary endothelial cells targeting molecules or ligands have recently shown impressive results of successful delivery of drugs to the brain <I>via</I> receptor-mediated transcytosis. The current review provides a comprehensive insight in the advancements made in nanocarriers-based successful drug delivery to the CNS and their availability in clinics.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Design and Investigation of Dual Dielectric Recessed-Gate AlGaN/GaN HEMT as Gas sensor Application

Ashish Raman,Soumya Prasanna Chattopadhyay,Ravi Ranjan,Naveen Kumar,Deepti Kakkar,Rajneesh Sharma 한국전기전자재료학회 2022 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.23 No.6

This paper presents a highly sensitive Recessed Gate/source/drain AlGaN/GaN HEMT (RG-AlGaN/GaN HEMT) based Carbon Monoxide gas sensors. Many types of Carbon Monoxide (CO) gas sensor have already been demonstrated experimentally. The deeply etched recessed gate based HEMT form highly sensitive 2DEG for small change in gate metal oxide. Copper Oxide and Cerium Oxide are used as a gate electrode in CO gas detection and these metal oxides are reactively sensitive to CO gas molecules. Because of the change in the work function of gate metal oxide due to the presence of gas deposition on it, there is the change in I off , I on , SS and V th which can be taken as sensitivity parameter for sensing the gas molecules. For a change in work function till 700meV using various steps sizes, RG-AlGaN/GaN HEMT based CO gas sensor shows highly sensitivity with respect to device characteristics parameters.