Single-step Single Bath Dyeing and Finishing of Nylon with Disperse Dye and Chitosan by Using Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane Solvent as Dyeing Media

Muhammad Asad Saleem,Liujun Pei,Jiping Wang 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.6

This investigation was conducted to reduce the water and raw material consumption, and shorten the processingtime by carrying out the dyeing and finishing process in a single-step and a single bath by using decamethylcyclopentasiloxane(D5) solvent as dyeing media. The nylon fabric was dyed with disperse dye and finished with chitosan in D5 solvent in asingle-step. To improve the durability of the chitosan finish, the chitosan was ball milled into nanoparticles. Furthermore,nylon fabric was dyed with a high dye concentration, 3.2 %(o.w.f.), for assessing the feasibility of a single-step dyeingprocess for darker shades. Antibacterial activity, color strength, and SEM analysis of treated fabrics reveal that nylon fabriccan be dyed and finished in a single step and single bath in D5 solvent. As compared to conventional aqueous dyeing, thesingle-step dyeing and finishing methodology yielded 53 % higher color strength. The 100 % reduction in bacteria colonyforming units (CFU) was achieved with a 1 % concentration of milled chitosan. The fabric treated with milled chitosansustained its antimicrobial activity even after 5 washes.

Performance and energy cost evaluation of an integrated NH₃-based CO₂ capture-capacitive deionization process

Ullah, Asad,Saleem, Muhammad Wajid,Kim, Woo-Seung Elsevier 2017 International journal of greenhouse gas control Vol.66 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A capacitive deionization (CDI) device was proposed for NH<SUB>3</SUB>-based CO<SUB>2</SUB> absorption-desorption process, to reduce the stripper regeneration energy. A rate-based model, RateFrac, was developed for the absorber, along with an equilibrium-based model, RadFrac, for the stripper. The model was verified, and the results have shown good agreement with experimental data. The CO<SUB>2</SUB> capture process, which is integrated with CDI, was simulated and compared with a non-CDI CO<SUB>2</SUB> capture process based on regeneration energy. Operating parameters such as flow rate, lean CO<SUB>2</SUB> loading, and ammonia concentration in the lean solvent were used to analyze the integrated model. Stripper regeneration energy can be reduced by as much as 37.5% by using the CDI setup. Moreover, energy cost estimation was performed using two heat sources (natural gas and coal). CDI saved a maximum of 31% of the energy costs for a natural gas–fired boiler and 12.3% of the energy costs for a coal-based boiler.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> NH<SUB>3</SUB>-based CO<SUB>2</SUB> capture process integrated with Capacitive deionization device was proposed to reduce regeneration energy. </LI> <LI> The model was verified and the results show good agreement with the experimental data. </LI> <LI> Main operating parameters of the CO<SUB>2</SUB> capture process were analyzed to check their effects on regeneration energy. </LI> <LI> Energy Cost estimation of CO<SUB>2</SUB> capture process both with and without capacitive deionization was performed. </LI> <LI> Regeneration energy reduced up to 37.5% by integrating capacitive deionization device. </LI> </UL> </P>

A Multi-layer Parallel Crack Extension Model for Deformational Response of Post-installed Anchor

Muhammad Saleem,Asad Ullah Qazi,Asif Hameed,Muhammad Aun Bashir 대한토목학회 2013 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.17 No.5

A simultaneous crack extension pull-out model for post-installed anchor bar is presented. The anchor bar is such that used in various strengthening techniques to strengthen reinforced concrete structures. The properties of the infill material used for postinstalled anchor bar are characterized by a nonlinear interface between the surrounding concrete and the anchor bar. This is a new type of anchor-infill assembly in which the infill material is divided into two layers for the purpose of providing a larger failure path length resulting in increase of the energy absorption and pull-out load capacity. The mechanical properties of the infill layer are different from the surrounding concrete. Therefore the existing pull-out model of deformed bars cannot be applied directly in this case. The interfacial de-bonding is examined by the strength criterion expressed in terms of interfacial shear stress. Pre-existing cracks representing artificial notches are assumed at the top of infill layers for identifying crack location and stabilizing its propagation direction. All the possibilities associated with two-cracks in the close vicinity have been investigated in detail. The objective of the analysis is to predict a set of material properties which result in simultaneous crack extension at the two interfaces and also to identify a simultaneous crack extension length which results in increasing the pull-out load capacity, increase in energy absorption and increased failure path length but achieved at lowest increase in pull-out deformation thereby proving the effectiveness of two-layer model. Limiting the pull-out deformation is desirable from the point of view of limiting damage.

A novel approach for forming carbon nanorods on the surface of carbon felt electrode by catalytic etching for high-performance vanadium redox flow battery

Abbas, Saleem,Lee, Hyuck,Hwang, Jinyeon,Mehmood, Asad,Shin, Hyun-Jin,Mehboob, Sheeraz,Lee, Ju-Young,Ha, Heung Yong Elsevier 2018 Carbon Vol.128 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this work a novel method is unfolded to modify carbon felts (CF) to substantially improve the performance of the electrodes for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). The carbon felt, a well-known electrode material for VRFB, is catalytically etched by cobalt oxide to form carbon nanorods on the surface of the fibers comprising the CF. Unlike conventional multistep processes to grow nano-structures on carbon felts, this method simply involves a thermal treatment of catalyst-loaded felt in air to produce well aligned nanorods on its fibers. The surface morphology is optimized by etching temperature, treatment time and catalyst type. The catalytically etched CF shows an improved surface wettability and an enlarged specific surface area about two times compared to pristine CF that lead to an improvement of kinetics towards vanadium redox reactions. When used as electrode in all-vanadium redox flow battery, the nanorod-structured CF shows around 35% higher charge/discharge rate capability at 150 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP> and 80% retained-capacity compared to 48% in case of un-etched CF as confirmed by a long run test with a hundred cycles of charge/discharge operation at 50 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Rare bleeding disorders: spectrum of disease and clinical manifestations in the Pakistani population

Rafia Mahmood,Asad Mahmood,Maria Khan,Sadia Ali,Saleem Ahmed Khan,Syed Raza Jaffar 대한혈액학회 2020 Blood Research Vol.55 No.3

BackgroundRare inherited coagulation factor deficiencies constitute an important group of bleeding disorders. A higher frequency of these disorders is seen in areas of high consanguinity. Our aim was to study the prevalence and spectrum of rare inherited bleeding disorders, characterize the severity of the deficiencies, identify different clinical manifestations, and evaluate different treatments provided.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Haematology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Rawalpindi, between January 2014 and December 2018. A detailed history was taken, and an examination was performed. The signs and symptoms were noted, and the patients were diagnosed on the basis of a coagulation profile. The disease severity was assessed using factor assays.ResultsAmong 2,516 patients with suspected coagulation disorders, 774 (30.8%) had an in-herited bleeding disorder. Of the 774 patients, 165 (21.3%) had a rare bleeding disorder; 91 (55.2%) of them were males, and 74 (44.9%) were females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.2:1. The median patient age was 9 years 3 months. The most common disorder was factor VII deficiency (46 patients, 27.9%). The most common clinical presentation was bruising in 102 (61.8%) and gum bleeding in 91 (55.2%) patients. ConclusionThe most common rare bleeding disorder in our population is factor VII deficiency. The prevalence of these bleeding disorders is high in our population due to a high number of consanguineous marriages.

Channel modeling based on multilayer artificial neural network in metro tunnel environments

Jingyuan Qian,Asad Saleem,Guoxin Zheng Electronics and Telecommunications Research Instit 2023 ETRI Journal Vol.45 No.4

Traditional deterministic channel modeling is accurate in prediction, but due to its complexity, improving computational efficiency remains a challenge. In an alternative approach, we investigated a multilayer artificial neural network (ANN) to predict large-scale and small-scale channel characteristics in metro tunnels. Simulated high-precision training datasets were obtained by combining measurement campaign with a ray tracing (RT) method in a metro tunnel. Performance on the training data was used to determine the number of hidden layers and neurons of the multilayer ANN. The proposed multilayer ANN performed efficiently (10 s for training; 0.19 ms for prediction), and accurately, with better approximation of the RT data than the single-layer ANN. The root mean square errors (RMSE) of path loss (2.82 dB), root mean square delay spread (0.61 ns), azimuth angle spread (3.06°), and elevation angle spread (1.22°) were impressive. These results demonstrate the superior computing efficiency and model complexity of ANNs.

The Effect of Technology and Open Innovation on Women-Owned Small and Medium Enterprises in Pakistan

MEHTA, Ahmed Muneeb,ALI, Asad,SALEEM, Hina,QAMRUZZAMAN, Md.,KHALID, Rimsha Korea Distribution Science Association 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.3

Technological adaption and innovative activities foster small and medium enterprises (SMEs) growth, especially women-owned SMEs in Pakistan, However, the impact of technological adaption and innovative activities on SMEs growth in the context of Pakistan has been examined by very researchers. This study aims to identify the effect of technology and open innovation policies on the growth of women-owned SMEs and the present trends and management challenges for successful full implementation of open innovation. The study considered a sample of 693 women enterprises located in different cities in Pakistan. Open innovation is measured through eight innovative practices, reflecting the exploration and exploitation of technology in SMEs. Study findings revealed that women enterprises were involved in several open innovation policies during the last five years. Moreover, the study indicated no significant differences between manufacturing and service SMEs regarding open innovation practices; however, women enterprises are more impressively engaged in open innovation practices. Findings also reveal that women-owned SMEs follow open innovation, mainly for market-related intentions, to compete with competitors and meet customers' demands. Thus, it is suggested that government policy relating to thriving SMEs owned by women should be innovation-oriented. The study contributes to the theoretical and practical implications. Further, the study is helpful for SMEs, researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers.

Excellent electrocatalytic effects of tin through in situ electrodeposition on the performance of all-vanadium redox flow batteries

Mehboob, Sheeraz,Mehmood, Asad,Lee, Ju-Young,Shin, Hyun-Jin,Hwang, Jinyeon,Abbas, Saleem,Ha, Heung Yong The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.5 No.33

<▼1><P>The impact on the performance of all-vanadium redox flow batteries by tin as an electrocatalyst through <I>in situ</I> electrodeposition is investigated.</P></▼1><▼2><P>This work unfolds novel electrocatalytic effects of tin for all-vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). By the introduction of Sn<SUP>2+</SUP> ions into the electrolyte, tin nanoparticles are <I>in situ</I> electrodeposited on a carbon felt electrode. The effectiveness of the two tin species (Sn<SUP>2+</SUP> and Sn<SUP>4+</SUP>) as well as their impact on the kinetics of cathode (VO2<SUP>2+</SUP>/VO2<SUP>+</SUP>) and anode (V<SUP>3+</SUP>/V<SUP>2+</SUP>) half-reactions are also evaluated comprehensively. Cyclic voltammetry reflects the excellent improvement in reaction kinetics, particularly for the anode half-reaction (<I>i.e.</I> V<SUP>3+</SUP>/V<SUP>2+</SUP> reduction) by reducing its peak potential separation from 1011 to 589 mV, owing to the deposition of tin nanoparticles in its vicinity. The electrocatalytic effects of tin cause a significant improvement in key performance parameters of voltage efficiency, energy efficiency (EE), specific discharge capacity, discharge energy density and cycling stability for VRFBs. The VRFBs employing Sn<SUP>2+</SUP> ions in the anolyte exhibit an EE of 77.3% at a high current density of 150 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP> while the corresponding specific discharge capacity and discharge energy density are increased by 26.2 and 32.0%, respectively, as compared to the pristine system. Thus, electrolyte utilization is also increased at faster charge/discharge rates due to the reduction of overpotentials. Various characterization techniques confirm the deposition and effectiveness of tin at the electrodes. EIS studies reveal remarkable acceleration in the charge transfer process for the V<SUP>3+</SUP>/V<SUP>2+</SUP> redox couple which is considered as a performance limiting reaction for VRFBs nowadays. Therefore, the convenience in its application coupled with effectiveness for VRFBs, makes tin a commercially feasible electrocatalyst for this technology.</P></▼2>

Initiation, proliferation, and improvement of a micropropagation system for mass clonal production of banana through shoot-tip culture

Allah Jurio Khaskheli,Muharam Ali,Syad Zakir Hussain Shah,Zohra Fatima Memon,Saleem Awan,Muhammad Ibrahim Khaskheli,Mohsin Ali Khaskheli,Bilqees Magsi,Zareen Qambrani,Asad Ali Khaskheli 한국식물생명공학회 2021 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.48 No.2

The present study aimed to evaluate the initiation, proliferation potential, and mass clonal production ability of a micropropagation system for banana through tissue culture. A total of 60 explants were cultured on basal media supplemented with various concentrations of BAP and NAA. Banana plants regenerated on MS basal medium (control) without the addition of BAP + NAA showed a significantly (P < 0.05) lower survival rate with no signs of shoots up to the end of the experimental period. The results further revealed that the performance in MSS-XI medium was almost 89%, followed by MSS-IX and MSS-X media, both of which showed performance up to 88%. In contrast, the performance in the MSS-XVI medium was less than 60%, at the less duration of time and highly shoot induction detected at MSS-XIII medium. The maximum number of shoots (4.9) was observed in the medium supplemented with growth adjuster MSS-XI, followed by the MSS-XII medium (4.5). Surprisingly, the best performance was observed for the MSR-VII medium approximately 16 days after initiation, while the lowest performance was observed with MSR-XI (approximately 31 days). The maximum rooting percentage (98%) was observed in the MSR-V to MSR-VIII media (98%), while the minimum rooting percentage was observed in MSR-XI (approximately 45%)

Genome-wide identififi cation and characterization of a plant-specifific Dof transcription factor gene family in olive (Olea europaea) and its comparison with Arabidopsis

Mariyam,Muhammad Shafiq,Muhammad Haseeb,Rana Muhammad Atif,Syed Agha Armaghan Asad Abbas Naqvi,Numan Ali,Muhammad Arshad Javed,Fizza Gillani,Muhammad Saleem Haider 한국원예학회 2021 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.62 No.6

DNA binding with one fi nger (Dof) proteins are encoded by a ubiquitous plant-specifi c transcription factor gene family thatplays a critical role in various biological processes including fruit ripening and organogenesis. The wild olive ( Olea europaeavar. sylvestris v1.0 ) genome was used to identify Dof gene family members using a set of bioinformatics tools. Gene structure,chromosome locations, phylogeny, protein motifs, miRNA targets and tissue-specifi c expression patterns were analyzed. Here, we identifi ed 51 potential Dof genes unevenly distributed on all chromosomes and a few scaff olds. Dof proteins in oliveclustered into eight subgroups (D1, B2, C3, C2.2, C1, C2.1, B1, and A) based on the established Arabidopsis classifi cation. The prevalence of segmental duplication was observed as compared to tandem duplication, and this was the main factorunderlying the expansion of the Dof gene family in olive. Tissue-specifi c expression profi ling of Oeu Dof genes revealed thatthe majority of Oeu Dof genes were highly expressed in fl owers, stem and meristem tissues. In seed and meristem tissues,cis-regulatory element (CRE) analysis revealed the presence of elements that are specifi cally responsive to light, circadian,auxin, and ABA. In addition, a comparative analysis between Dof genes in olive and Arabidopsis revealed eight groups orsub-families, although the C3 group of Arabidopsis was not represented in olive. This extensive genome evaluation of theDof gene family in olive presents a reference for cloning and functional analysis of the members of this gene family.