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Effects of Red Rice Bran Extract on High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Mice
Narongsuk Munkong,Arthid Thim-Uam,Sirinat Pengnet,Pintusorn Hansakul,Nuntiya Somparn,Jarinyaporn Naowaboot,Jiraporn Tocharus,Chainarong Tocharus 한국식품영양과학회 2022 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.27 No.2
Saowapha Surawut,Jiradej Makjaroen,Arthid Thim-uam,Jutamas Wongphoom,Tanapat Palaga,Prapaporn Pisitkun,Ariya Chindamporn,Asada Leelahavanichkul 한국미생물학회 2019 The journal of microbiology Vol.57 No.1
The severity of cryptococcosis in lupus from varying geneticbackgrounds might be different due to the heterogeneity of lupus-pathogenesis. This study explored cryptococcosis in lupus mouse models of pristane-induction (normal geneticbackground) and FcGRIIb deficiency (genetic defect). Because the severity of lupus nephritis, as determined by proteinuria and serum creatinine, between pristane and FcGRIIb-/- mice were similar at 6-month-old, Cryptococcus neoformans was intravenously administered in 6-month-old mice and were age-matched with wild-type. Indeed, the cryptococcosis disease severity, as evaluated by mortality rate, internal-organ fungal burdens and serum cytokines, between pristane and FcGRIIb-/- mice was not different. However, the severity of cryptococcosis in wild-type was less severe than the lupus mice. On the other hand, phagocytosis activity of peritoneal macrophages from lupus mice (pristane and FcGRIIb-/-) was more predominant than the wild-type without the difference in macrophage killing-activity among these groups. In addition, the number of active T helper cells (Th-cell) in the spleen, including Th-cells with intracellular IFN-γ, from lupus mice (pristane and FcGRIIb-/-) was higher than wildtype. Moreover, these active Th-cells were even higher after 2 weeks of cryptococcal infection. These data support enhanced macrophage activation through prominent Th-cells in both lupus models. In conclusion, an increased susceptibility of cryptococcosis in both lupus models was independent to genetic background. This might due to Th-cell enhanced macrophage phagocytosis with the interference of macrophage killing activity from Cryptococcal immune-evasion properties.
Thongboontho Rungthip,Petcharat Kanoktip,Munkong Narongsuk,Khonthun Chakkraphong,Boondech Atirada,Phromnoi Kanokkarn,Thim-uam Arthid 한국영양학회 2023 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.17 No.5
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Mitochondrial DNA leakage leads to inflammatory responses via endosome activation. This study aims to evaluate whether the perennial grass water extract (Pogonatherum panicum) ameliorate mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) leakage. MATERIALS/METHODS: The major bioactive constituents of P. paniceum (PPW) were investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography, after which their antioxidant activities were assessed. In addition, RAW 264.7 macrophages were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, resulting in mitochondrial damage. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to examine the gene expression and cytokines. RESULTS: Our results showed that PPW extract-treated activated cells significantly decrease reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide levels by reducing the p22phox and iNOS expression and lowering cytokine-encoding genes, including IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, PG-E2 and IFN-γ relative to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages. Furthermore, we observed that LPS enhanced the mtDNA leaked into the cytoplasm, increasing the transcription of Tlr9 and signaling both MyD88/Irf7-dependent interferon and MyD88/NF-κb p65-dependent inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression but which was alleviated in the presence of PPW extract. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that PPW extract has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities by facilitating mtDNA leakage and lowering the Tlr9 expression and signaling activation.