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Bacterial Postbiotics as Promising Tools to Mitigate Cardiometabolic Diseases
Anhê Fernando F.,Jensen Benjamin A. H.,Perazza Lais Rossi,Tchernof André,Schertzer Jonathan D.,Marette André 한국지질동맥경화학회 2021 지질·동맥경화학회지 Vol.10 No.2
Gut microbes dictate critical features of host immunometabolism. Certain bacterial components and metabolites (termed postbiotics) mitigate cardiometabolic diseases whereas others potentiate pathological processes. In this review, we discuss key aspects related to the usefulness of bacterial-related molecules strategically positioned as promising treatment strategies for cardiometabolic diseases.
Graphene synthesis on Fe foil using thermal CVD
An, H.,Lee, W.J.,Jung, J. Elsevier 2011 CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS Vol.11 No.4
Graphene synthesis was performed on Fe foil at low temperature. A 100 μm-thick Fe foil as a catalyst and acetylene as a hydrocarbon source were used for graphene growth. With a low acetylene flow rate (5 sccm) and short exposure time (5 min), single- to few-layer graphene sheets partially covering the Fe substrate were obtained. With sufficient exposure times (15-30 min), and acetylene flow rates (25-50 sccm), continuous graphene layers were obtained at temperatures ranging from 600 <SUP>o</SUP>C to 800 <SUP>o</SUP>C. The measured Raman spectra showed that defects decreased with an increasing synthesis temperature. Even though the 2D and G peak intensities of the Raman spectrum appeared to be similar, the thickness of the graphene layers synthesized at 700 <SUP>o</SUP>C and 750 <SUP>o</SUP>C was measured to be as thick as ∼15 nm and ∼29 nm, respectively. Considering that the estimated number of graphene layers should be less than 2-3 without creating stacking disorder between the interlayers, it appears that an ordered stacking, (i.e., ABAB stacking) and therefore electronic coupling between layers, may not occur in the synthesized graphene layers on Fe foil under those process conditions.
An, H.,Chung, J.,Lee, S.,Song, S. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.40 No.40
The ignition delay time with mixtures of primary reference fuels (PRFs) and hydrogen were measured using a rapid compression machine (RCM), where the concentration of hydrogen was systematically varied. The experiments were performed for compressed temperatures in the range 735-847 K. The fuel/air equivalence ratio was varied to investigate its effects on the ignition delay of n-heptane and iso-octane. Hydrogen was added with hydrogen-energy-share ratios in the range of 0-10%, meaning that the energy of the hydrogen replaced 0-10% of that of either n-heptane or iso-octane. When hydrogen was added to n-heptane, there was a significant increase in the ignition delay, especially during the first-stage reaction region. This was explained using the chemical kinetic analysis software package CHEMKIN PRO; hydrogen consumed radical species related to the ignition of hydrocarbon fuels. With iso-octane, there was a significant increase in the ignition delay not only in the fist-stage reaction region, but also in second-stage reaction region. The effects of the hydrogen concentration were found to depend on the equivalence ratio and temperature for both fuels.
Analysis of an open source quadtree grid shallow water flow solver for flood simulation
An, H.,Yu, S.,Lee, G.,Kim, Y. Pergamon Press 2015 QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL Vol.384 No.-
The shallow water flow solver within Gerris Flow Solver implements second-order accurate Gudunov type numerical schemes, with preserving the balance of source and flux terms on quadtree cut cell grids. The solver provides flexible grid generation, with using adaptive quadtree grids and the cut cell method, which can improve computational efficiency in 2D simulations. The solver, however, cannot implicitly discretize nonlinear friction without linearization since the current version of Gerris supports the implicit discretization only for linear friction. We compare implicit treatment for Manning's friction to the linearization. Simulation results using a benchmark test show the difference between two methods is only significant when the roughness coefficient is unrealistically high. Two real flood events, Malpasset dam break in France and Baeksan levee failure in Korea, are simulated using the quadtree grid based shallow water model, with adaptively refining meshes near water fronts and river boundaries. Comparison of simulation results with observations and measurements demonstrates that the grid adaptation can save approximately 85%-95% of the computational cost while preserving the accuracy. The research result shows that the linearized friction using the current version of Gerris can be applied for flood simulation and multiple inflow boundaries can be treated as source terms.
An, H.,Song, D.,Lee, J.,Kang, E. M.,Jaworski, J.,Kim, J. M.,Kang, Y. Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.2 No.7
Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) is employed as an equilibrium shifting agent for the esterification reaction between the carboxylic acid of the amphiphilic Z907 dye and Ti-OH on the mesoscopic TiO2 surface in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). We demonstrate that TEOS treatment of the Z907-dyed TiO2 film increases the amount of strongly anchored dyes, and also improves the electron diffusion length (L-n). Consequently, the cell provides a remarkable short-circuit current density (J(sc)) enhanced by 22% (9.0 -> 11.0 mA cm(-2)) and the total power conversion efficiency increased by 14% (4.9 -> 5.6%) under 1 sun (AM 1.5, 100 mW cm(-2)), even with less than half the amount of adsorbed dye as compared to the reference. Therefore, TEOS treatment seems to be effective in increasing the power conversion efficiency along with increasing the concentration of the strongly anchored dye, specifically when using an amphiphilic dye such as Z907.
Probiotics as Complementary Treatment for Metabolic Disorders
Mélanie Le Barz,Fernando F. Anhê,Thibaut V. Varin,Yves Desjardins,Emile Levy,Denis Roy,Maria C. Urdaci,André Marette 대한당뇨병학회 2015 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.39 No.4
Over the past decade, growing evidence has established the gut microbiota as one of the most important determinants of metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Indeed, obesogenic diet can drastically alter bacterial populations (i.e., dysbiosis) leading to activation of pro-inflammatory mechanisms and metabolic endotoxemia, therefore promoting insulin resistance and cardiometabolic disorders. To counteract these deleterious effects, probiotic strains have been developed with the aim of reshaping the microbiome to improve gut health. In this review, we focus on benefits of widely used probiotics describing their potential mechanisms of action, especially their ability to decrease metabolic endotoxemia by restoring the disrupted intestinal mucosal barrier. We also discuss the perspective of using new bacterial strains such as butyrate-producing bacteria and the mucolytic Akkermansia muciniphila, as well as the use of prebiotics to enhance the functionality of probiotics. Finally, this review introduces the notion of genetically engineered bacterial strains specifically developed to deliver anti-inflammatory molecules to the gut.
Distribution of Factors Affecting Foreign Direct Investment in ASEAN Countries
Anh Thi Lan NGUYEN(Anh Thi Lan NGUYEN ),Chau Thi Minh PHAM(Chau Thi Minh PHAM ),Hanh Hong NGUYEN(Hanh Hong NGUYEN ),Dat Ngoc NGUYEN(Dat Ngoc NGUYEN ),Duy Van NGUYEN(Duy Van NGUYEN ) 한국유통과학회 2023 유통과학연구 Vol.21 No.2
Purpose: Research on attracting foreign direct investment plays an important role in ASEAN countries. ASEAN has needed FDI capital for development and integration with many developing countries. Research design, data and methodology: This study is conducted to assess the impact of factors: inflation (INF), economic growth (GDP), population (POP), and trade (TRADE) on attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) of ASEAN countries. The study will find out how factors distribution contributes to FDI attraction. The study collects data from 10 ASEAN countries from 2010 to 2020. With data collected for ten countries from 2010 to 2020, data analysis with panel data will be used in this study. The Regression with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors correction model will be used in the study. Results: Panel data analysis shows that economic growth and population positively impact FDI attraction in ASEAN countries. However, two factors: INF and TRADE, do not affect FDI. Conclusions: Countries need to focus on economic development, create many good conditions for people and domestic enterprises and create opportunities for foreign investors to pay more attention. improving the quality of domestic human resources will help to better improve the working quality factor when the demand for high-quality human resources increases.