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Evaluation of Urinary Sphincter Function by Rapid Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Florian A. Schmid,Ryszard S. Gomolka,Andreas M. Hötker,Andreas Boss,Thomas M. Kessler,Cristina Rossi,Daniel Eberli 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2020 International Neurourology Journal Vol.24 No.4
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of a rapid diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for evaluation of the female urinary sphincter function based on differentiation between rest and muscle contraction. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lower pelvis was performed at 3 Tesla in 10 healthy female volunteers (21–36 years; body mass index, 20.8±3.6 kg/m2 ) between June and July 2019. High-resolution T1- and T2-weighted images were acquired for anatomical reference, and following DTI performed in 4 experiment phases: twice during rest (denoted rest- 1, rest-2) and contraction (contraction-1, contraction-2). Manual segmentation of the urinary sphincter and the levator ani muscles were performed by 2 independent readers. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values derived from DTI volumes were compared in search for significant differences between the experiment phases. Interreader agreement was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences between MD values among all the experiment phases, by both independent readers (1st: X2 [3,76]=17.16, P<0.001 and 2nd: X2 [3,76]=15.88, P<0.01). Post hoc analysis revealed differences in MD values by both readers between: rest-1 vs. contraction-1 (least P<0.05), rest-1 vs. contraction-2 (P<0.01), rest-2 vs. contraction-1 (P<0.03), rest-2 vs. contraction-2 (P=0.02) with overall mean ‘rest’ to ‘contraction’ ΔMD=20.6%. No MD or FA differences were found between rest-1 vs. rest-2 and contraction-1 vs. contraction-2 among all the experiment phases, and interreader agreement was ICC=0.85 (MD) and ICC=0.79 (FA). Conclusions: Rapid DTI might prospectively act as a supporting tool for the evaluation of female pelvic floor muscle function, and incontinence assessment.
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(Ben Lee),(Andreas Schmid),고진광(Jin Gwang Koh),곽한탁(Han Tak Kwak) 한국정보처리학회 1999 정보처리학회논문지 Vol.6 No.11
We present new methods for an efficient retrieval of SGML documents. We define IDDL (index database description language) which is able to describe various information such as meta data, an indexing range, and the creation and mainpulation of a database. In addition, we design IDQL (index database query language) that can deal with querying meta data as well as logical structure. Especially, the retrieval system based on IDDL and IDQL has been developed and implemented, and has been experimented on large number of documents. Experimental result show that the proposed method provides the dynamic creation of an index database and a convenient retrieval environment.
Urinary Albumin Excretion and Vascular Function in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Herwig Pieringer,Tobias Brummaier,Bettina Piringer,Lorenz Auer-Hackenberg,Andreas Hartl,Rudolf Puchner,Erich Pohanka,Michael Schmid 대한의학회 2016 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.31 No.3
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with significant cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. Increased urinary albumin excretion is a marker of CV risk. There are only few data on urinary albumin excretion in RA patients. Aim of the present study was to investigate urinary albumin excretion in RA patients and analyze, whether there is an association between urinary albumin excretion and vascular function as measured by the augmentation index (AIx). In a total of 341 participants (215 with RA, 126 without RA) urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) was determined and the AIx was measured. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov-test was used to cluster patient groups whose distributions of ACR can be considered to be equal. A crude analysis showed a median ACR of 6.6 mg/g in the RA group and 5.7 mg/g in patients without RA (P > 0.05). In order to account for diabetes (DM) we formed 4 distinct patient groups. Group 1: RA-/DM- (n = 74); group 2: RA+/DM- (n = 195); group 3: RA-/DM+ (n = 52); group 4: RA+/DM+ (n = 20). Clustering of these groups revealed two distinct patient groups: those without RA and DM, and those with either RA or DM or both. The latter group showed statistically significant higher ACR (median 8.1 mg/g) as the former (median 4.5 mg/g). We found no significant correlation between AIx and ACR. Urinary albumin excretion in patients with RA or DM or both is higher than in subjects without RA and DM. This can be seen as a sign of vascular alteration and increased CV risk in these patients.
Park, Jin-Byung,Bü,hler, Bruno,Panke, Sven,Witholt, Bernard,Schmid, Andreas Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2007 Biotechnology and bioengineering Vol.98 No.6
<P>Utilization of solvent tolerant bacteria as biocatalysts has been suggested to enable or improve bioprocesses for the production of toxic compounds. Here, we studied the relevance of solvent (product) tolerance and inhibition, carbon metabolism, and the stability of biocatalytic activity in such a bioprocess. Styrene degrading Pseudomonas sp. strain VLB120 is shown to be solvent tolerant and was engineered to produce enantiopure (S)-styrene oxide from styrene. Whereas glucose as sole source for carbon and energy allowed efficient styrene epoxidation at rates up to 97 µmol/min/(g cell dry weight), citrate was found to repress epoxidation by the engineered Pseudomonas sp. strain VLB120ΔC emphasizing that carbon source selection and control is critical. In comparison to recombinant Escherichia coli, the VLB120ΔC-strain tolerated higher toxic product levels but showed less stable activities during fed-batch cultivation in a two-liquid phase system. Epoxidation activities of the VLB120ΔC-strain decreased at product concentrations above 130 mM in the organic phase. During continuous two-liquid phase cultivations at organic-phase product concentrations of up to 85 mM, the VLB120ΔC-strain showed stable activities and, as compared to recombinant E. coli, a more efficient glucose metabolism resulting in a 22% higher volumetric productivity. Kinetic analyses indicated that activities were limited by the styrene concentration and not by other factors such as NADH availability or catabolite repression. In conclusion, the stability of activity of the solvent tolerant VLB120ΔC-strain can be considered critical at elevated toxic product levels, whereas the efficient carbon and energy metabolism of this Pseudomonas strain augurs well for productive continuous processing. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;98: 1219–1229. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</P>
Li, Qian,Yang, Mengmeng,Gong, Cheng,Chopdekar, Rajesh V.,N’Diaye, Alpha T.,Turner, John,Chen, Gong,Scholl, Andreas,Shafer, Padraic,Arenholz, Elke,Schmid, Andreas K.,Wang, Sheng,Liu, Kai,Gao, Nan,Admas American Chemical Society 2018 NANO LETTERS Vol.18 No.9
<P>Magnetic van der Waals (vdW) materials have emerged as promising candidates for spintronics applications, especially after the recent discovery of intrinsic ferromagnetism in monolayer vdW materials. There has been a critical need for tunable ferromagnetic vdW materials beyond room temperature. Here, we report a real-space imaging study of itinerant ferromagnet Fe<SUB>3</SUB>GeTe<SUB>2</SUB> and the enhancement of its Curie temperature well above ambient temperature. We find that the magnetic long-range order in Fe<SUB>3</SUB>GeTe<SUB>2</SUB> is characterized by an unconventional out-of-plane stripe-domain phase. In Fe<SUB>3</SUB>GeTe<SUB>2</SUB> microstructures patterned by a focused ion beam, the out-of-plane stripe domain phase undergoes a surprising transition at 230 K to an in-plane vortex phase that persists beyond room temperature. The discovery of tunable ferromagnetism in Fe<SUB>3</SUB>GeTe<SUB>2</SUB> materials opens up vast opportunities for utilizing vdW magnets in room-temperature spintronics devices.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>