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- 저자 : Ancona, Veronica (검색결과 10 건)
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The Bacterial Alarmone (p)ppGpp Activates the Type III Secretion System in <i>Erwinia amylovora</i>
Ancona, Veronica,Lee, Jae Hoon,Chatnaparat, Tiyakhon,Oh, Jinrok,Hong, Jong-In,Zhao, Youfu American Society for Microbiology 2015 Journal of Bacteriology Vol.197 No.8
<P>The hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (<I>hrp</I>) type III secretion system (T3SS) is a key pathogenicity factor in <I>Erwinia amylovora</I>. Previous studies have demonstrated that the T3SS in <I>E. amylovora</I> is transcriptionally regulated by a sigma factor cascade. In this study, the role of the bacterial alarmone ppGpp in activating the T3SS and virulence of <I>E. amylovora</I> was investigated using ppGpp mutants generated by Red recombinase cloning. The virulence of a ppGpp-deficient mutant (ppGpp<SUP>0</SUP>) as well as a <I>dksA</I> mutant of <I>E. amylovora</I> was completely impaired, and bacterial growth was significantly reduced, suggesting that ppGpp is required for full virulence of <I>E. amylovora</I>. Expression of T3SS genes was greatly downregulated in the ppGpp<SUP>0</SUP> and <I>dksA</I> mutants. Western blotting showed that accumulations of the HrpA protein in the ppGpp<SUP>0</SUP> and <I>dksA</I> mutants were about 10 and 4%, respectively, of that in the wild-type strain. Furthermore, higher levels of ppGpp resulted in a reduced cell size of <I>E. amylovora</I>. Moreover, serine hydroxamate and α-methylglucoside, which induce amino acid and carbon starvation, respectively, activated <I>hrpA</I> and <I>hrpL</I> promoter activities in <I>hrp</I>-inducing minimal medium. These results demonstrated that ppGpp and DksA play central roles in <I>E. amylovora</I> virulence and indicated that <I>E. amylovora</I> utilizes ppGpp as an internal messenger to sense environmental/nutritional stimuli for regulation of the T3SS and virulence. </P><P><B>IMPORTANCE</B> The type III secretion system (T3SS) is a key pathogenicity factor in Gram-negative bacteria. Fully elucidating how the T3SS is activated is crucial for comprehensively understanding the function of the T3SS, bacterial pathogenesis, and survival under stress conditions. In this study, we present the first evidence that the bacterial alarmone ppGpp-mediated stringent response activates the T3SS through a sigma factor cascade, indicating that ppGpp acts as an internal messenger to sense environmental/nutritional stimuli for the regulation of the T3SS and virulence in plant-pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, the recovery of an <I>spoT</I> null mutant, which displayed very unique phenotypes, suggested that small proteins containing a single ppGpp hydrolase domain are functional.</P>
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David Betancur-Ancona,Gloria Da´vila-Ortiz,Luis Antonio Chel-Guerrero,Juan Gabriel Torruco-Uco 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.11
The involvement of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE-I) as one of themechanisms controlling blood pressure is being studied tofind alternativemeans of control of hypertension on human beings.Onthemarket there are synthetic drugs that can control it, but these can cause undesirable health side effects. In thisworkwas assessed the fractionation by ultrafiltration of the Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) and Jamapa bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), protein hydrolysates obtained with Alcalase® and Flavourzyme on ACE-I inhibitory activity. Four membranes of different molecular cutoffs (10, 5, 3, and 1 kDa) were used. Fractions that had a higher inhibitory activity in both legumes were denominated as E ( < 1 kDa) with IC50 of 30.3 and 51.8 μg/mL values for the P. lunatus with Alcalase and Flavourzyme, respectively, and for the Phaseolus vulgaris with Alcalase and Flavourzyme with about 63.8 and 65.8 μg/mL values, respectively. The amino acid composition of these fractions showed residues in essential amino acids, whichmake a good source of energy and amino acids.On the other hand, the presence of hydrophobicamino acids such asVand P is a determining factor in theACE-I inhibitor effect.The results suggest the possibility of obtaining and utilizing these peptide fractions in the development and innovation of a functional product that helps with treatment and/or prevention of hypertension.
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Botulinum Toxin in Neurogenic Detrusor Overactivity
Carlos Arturo Levi D’Ancona,Rúiter Silva Ferreira,Mauricio Carneiro Rassi 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2012 International Neurourology Journal Vol.16 No.3
Purpose: To evaluate the effects of botulinum toxin on urodynamic parameters and quality of life in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Methods: Thirty four adult patients with spinal cord injury and detrusor overactivity were selected. The patients received 300 units of botulinum toxin type A. The endpoints evaluated with the episodes of urinary incontinence and measured the maximum cystometric capacity, maximum amplitude of detrusor pressure and bladder compliance at the beginning and end of the study (24 weeks) and evaluated the quality of life by applying the Qualiveen questionnaire. Results: A significant decrease in the episodes of urinary incontinence was observed. All urodynamic parameters presented a significant improvement. The same was observed in the quality of life index and the specific impact of urinary problems scores from the Qualiveen questionnaire. Six patients did not complete the study, two due to incomplete follow-up, and four violated protocol and were excluded from the analyses. No systemic adverse events of botulinum toxin type A were reported. Conclusions: A botulinum toxin type A showed a significantly improved response in urodynamics parameters and specific and general quality of life.
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Noninvasive Urodynamic Evaluation
Carlos Arturo Levi D’Ancona,Jose Bassani,João Carlos Almeida 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2012 International Neurourology Journal Vol.16 No.3
The longevity of the world’s population is increasing, and among male patients, complaints of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are growing. Testing to diagnose LUTS and to differentiate between the various causes should be quick, easy, cheap, specific, not too bothersome for the patient, and noninvasive or minimally so. Urodynamic evaluation is the gold standard for diagnosing bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) but presents some inconveniences such as embarrassment, pain, and dysuria; furthermore,19% of cases experience urinary retention, macroscopic hematuria, or urinary tract infection. A greater number of resources in the diagnostic armamentarium could increase the opportunity for selecting less invasive tests. A number of groups have risen to this challenge and have formulated and developed ideas and technologies to improve noninvasive methods to diagnosis BOO. These techniques start with flowmetry, an increase in the interest of ultrasound, and finally the performance of urodynamic evaluation without a urethral catheter. Flowmetry is not sufficient for confirming a diagnosis of BOO. Ultrasound of the prostate and the bladder can help to assess BOO noninvasively in all men and can be useful for evaluating the value of BOO at assessment and during treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia patients in the future. The great advantages of noninvasive urodynamics are as follows: minimal discomfort, minimal risk of urinary tract infection, and low cost. This method can be repeated many times, permitting the evaluation of obstruction during clinical treatment. A urethral connector should be used to diagnose BOO, in evaluation for surgery, and in screening for treatment. In the future, noninvasive urodynamics can be used to identify patients with BOO to initiate early medical treatment and evaluate the results. This approach permits the possibility of performing surgery before detrusor damage occurs.
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The Output Regulation Problem for Unmodeled Reference/Disturbance Signals Using High-gain Observers
Jesús Alberto Meda-Campaña,Ricardo Ismael Ancona-Bravo,Jonathan Omega Escobedo-Alva,Tonatiuh Hernández-Cortés,Ricardo Tapia-Herrera 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.4
Based on the regulation theory and high-gain observers, in this paper, a controller for tracking and/or rejecting unmodeled but measurable signals is designed. Considering that the measurable reference/disturbance signals are bounded and smooth, it is proven that the missing dynamical models for such signals can be estimated by high-gain observers of dimensions equal to or greater than one. Then, the corresponding high-gain observers are embedded into an auxiliary system, known as the exosystem, allowing in this way, that the regulation theory can be applied and the new equations to be solved are also given. Because the exosystem is directly constructed from the high-gain observers, the proposed controller is robust in the sense that it is capable of tracking/rejecting any bounded and smooth signal as long as the estimations of the high-gain observers are sufficiently accurate. The existence conditions for such a controller are given, and numerical experiments are used to illustrate the efficacy of the proposed approach.
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Francisco Herrera-Chale,Jorge Carlos Ruiz-Ruiz,David Betancur-Ancona,Maira Rubi Segura-Campos 한국식품영양과학회 2016 Journal of medicinal food Vol.19 No.2
A Mucuna pruriens protein concentrate was hydrolyzed with a digestive (pepsin–pancreatin) enzymatic system. The soluble portion of the hydrolysate was fractionated by ultrafiltration and the ultrafiltered peptide fraction (PF) with lower molecular weight was purified by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The PF obtained were evaluated by testing the biological activity in vitro. Fractions showed that the ability to inhibit the angiotensin-converting enzyme had IC50 values that ranged from 2.7 to 6.2 μg/mL. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity values ranged from 132.20 to 507.43 mM/mg. The inhibition of human platelet aggregation ranged from 1.59% to 11.11%, and the inhibition of cholesterol micellar solubility ranged from 0.24% to 0.47%. Hydrophobicity, size, and amino acid sequence could be factors in determining the biological activity of peptides contained in fractions. This is the first report that M. pruriens peptides act as antihypertensives, antioxidants, and inhibitors for human platelet aggregation and cholesterol micellar solubility in vitro.
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Luis Chel-Guerrero,Saulo Galicia-Martı´nez,Juan Jose´ Acevedo-Ferna´ndez,Jesus Santaolalla-Tapia,David Betancur-Ancona 한국식품영양과학회 2017 Journal of medicinal food Vol.20 No.1
Hypertension could cause significant worldwide health problems that affect 15–20% of all adults; according to National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, about 29% of the adult population in the United States are hypertensive. Recent research has shown that peptides derived from the hydrolysis of food proteins can decrease blood pressure. This study was carried out to evaluate the hypotensive and antihypertensive potential of Mucuna pruriens protein hydrolysates in in vitro and in vivo models. M. pruriens protein concentrate was prepared by wet fractionation and enzymatically hydrolyzed using Alcalase®, Flavourzyme®, and the sequential system Alcalase-Flavourzyme at different times (5–120 min). The biological potential was measured in vitro based on the IC50 value as well as in vivo effect, measuring the systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure in normotensive and antihypertensive Wistar-Kyoto rats by the tail-cuff method. Hydrolysis of M. pruriens protein concentrates with commercial enzymes generated extensive hydrolysates with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE-I) inhibitory activity (IC50: 0.589–0.993 mg/mL) and hypotensive (SBP: 0.6–47.43%, DBP: 1.94–43.47%) and antihypertensive (SBP: 8.84–27.29% DBP: 16.1–29.37%) effect. These results indicate that Mucuna pruriens protein hydrolysate (MPPH) could be used as a functional ingredient to prevent blood pressure increase.
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Irma Aranda-Gonzalez,Yolanda Moguel-Ordonez,Luis Chel-Guerrero,Maira Segura-Campos,David Betancur-Ancona 한국식품영양과학회 2016 Journal of medicinal food Vol.19 No.9
Steviol glycosides are a family of compounds found in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni that are responsible for sweetness capacity. The antihyperglycemic effect of the two major steviol glycosides, Rebaudioside A and Stevioside, has been studied and it has been found that despite having the same common structure, only Stevioside exerts an antihyperglycemic effect. Although other steviol derivatives are found in smaller amounts (minor steviol glycosides) in S. rebaudiana, whether or not they possess antihyperglycemic activity has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect of minor steviol glycosides in normoglycemic and diabetic (streptozotocin/nicotinamide) Wistar rats. Rats were subjected to an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) both before and after chronic treatment (28 days). After 6 h of fasting, IPGTT was conducted in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats using 1 g/kg of glucose plus 20 mg/kg of the minor glycoside (Dulcoside A, Rebaudioside B, C, D, or Steviolbioside) or control treatment (distilled water, glibenclamide, or metformin); the blood of the tip of the tail was collected at time 0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min.; and blood glucose was measured, and its net area under the curve (AUCnet) was calculated. After 28-day chronic oral administration, IPGTT was again performed. Differences were considered significant at P < .05 by one-way ANOVA. Acute intraperitoneal or chronic oral administration of 20 mg/kg of minor steviol glycosides had no antihyperglycemic effect in normoglycemic or induced-diabetic Wistar rats. Considering the dose tested, it is unlikely that these glycosides have an effect on glucose in diabetic or normoglycemic humans.
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Gabriele Valli,Elisabetta Galati,Francesca De Marco,Chiara Bucci,Paolo Fratini,Elisa Cennamo,Carlo Ancona,Nicola Volpe,Maria Pia Ruggieri 대한응급의학회 2021 Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine Vol.8 No.4
Objective Given that there are no studies on diseases that occur by waiting for hospitalization, we aimed to evaluate the main causes of death in the emergency room (ER) and their relationship with overcrowding. Methods Patients who died in the ER in the past 2 years (pediatrics and trauma victims excluded) were divided into two groups: patients who died within 6 hours of arrival (emergency department [ED] group) and patients who died later (LD group). We compared the causes of death, total vital signs, diagnostic tests performed, and therapy between the groups. We assessed for possible correlation between the number of monthly deaths per group and four variables of overcrowding: number of patients treated per month, waiting time before medical visit (W-Time), mean intervention time (I-Time), and number of patients admitted to the ward per month (NPA). Results During the two years, 175 patients had died in our ER (52% in ED group and 48% in LD group). The total time spent in the ER was, respectively, 2.9±0.2 hours for ED group and 17.9± 1.5 hours for LD group. The more frequent cause of death was cardiovascular syndrome (30%) in ED group and sepsis (27%) and acute respiratory failure (27%) in LD group. Positive correlations between number of monthly deaths and W-Time (R2 0.51, P< 0.0001), and NPA (R2 0.37, P
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