Hypercross-Linked porous polymer/ionic Liquid networks as an active catalyst for reduction of 4-nitrophenol in aqueous medium at ambient temperature

( Amutha Chinnappan ),김헌 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0

Polymeric ionic liquids (PILs) have attracted increasing interest over the past few years since they combine some of the unique properties of ionic liquids with the improved mechanical stability and macromolecular architecture of polymers. The hypercross-linked polymeric ionic liquid membrane used herein is particularly simple to prepare, since a commercially available polymer is used as a starting material. The structure of the material comprises a micropores, mesopores and macropores. In this work, we synthesized hypercross-linked porous PILs networks via in-situ cross-linking by Friedel-Crafts alkylation method. In the cross-linking process, formaldehyde dimethylacetal is used as a crosslinker and FeCl3 as a catalyst. The as-prepared hypercross-linked porous PILs networks with high porosity and specific surface area possessed excellent activities in catalyzing the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by sodium borohydride in the aqueous phase at ambient temperature.

Ionic liquid used as a reaction medium and catalyst for biginelli reaction

( Amutha Chinnappan ),김헌 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.1

Ionic liquids (ILs) are the most preferable alternatives for the existing organic solvents and here we see their successful application in an important organic reaction. In this study, we synthesized imidazolium based dicationic liquids containing dialkylated hydroquinone moiety. The synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones has been achieved by a biginelli reaction of aromatic aldehydes, β-ketoesters and urea/thiourea in the presence of 1,4-bis[6-(3-methylimidazolium)-hexyloxy]benzene dibromide ionic liquid as a catalyst under solvent free conditions. The yields were good and ionic liquid was recycled and reused several times.

Novel Heuristic ToD‑Block Rate Tarif for DSM Initiation in Domestic Sector: A Study Analysis

N. Amutha Priya,M. Carolin Mabel 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.4

Efectiveness of demand side management practice is studied with low-tension domestic sector load data of a south Indian district using tarif as load scheduling tool. A suggestion regarding the impact of proposed novel hybrid Time of Day-Block rate tarif on energy consumption cost calculation is made to initiate load management. Three diferent combinations of peak-of peak pricing strategy are introduced and optimized to induce future implementation of suggested tarif for welfare of consumer and utility as well. A preference-adaptive load management algorithm is proposed and testifed for power fow under two schemes of priority-based load shifting namely, all-time and of-peak time shifting. Genetic algorithm confrms the suggestion being modeled as an initiative work of unidirectional power fow domain from utility to consumer and also ensures its implementation for billing. Mixed integer linear programming algorithm approves the hourly consumption cost calculation for monthly/bimonthly billing over existing block rate billing. Five-year (2014–2018) load data is analyzed with nine diferent scenarios. Study declares its necessity in replacing existing tarif under all seasonal conditions.

Green Chemical Conversion of Carboxylic Acid to Ester in Dicationic Ionic Liquid 1,1’-decane-1,10-diylbis (3-butylpyridinium) dibromide

Chinnappan, Amutha,La, Dahye,Kim, Hern Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2012 Advanced materials research Vol.622 No.-

<P>Esterification of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides were studied using dicationic ionic liquid 1,1’-decane-1,10-diylbis (3-butylpyridinium) dibromide-[C10(Bpy)2] (Br)2 in the presence of triethylamine. Good conversion rates and yields were obtained. The ionic liquid could be reused after removal of water under vacuum.</P>

[BOOK REVIEW] The valley of amazement

J. Amutha MONICA,Usha KALYANI 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2015 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.21 No.3

Hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride with new pyridinium dicationic salts containing transition metal complexes

Chinnappan, Amutha,Kim, Hern,Baskar, Chinnappan,Hwang, In Taek Elsevier 2012 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.37 No.13

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Pyridinium based dicationic ionic salts [C<SUB>6</SUB>(mpy)<SUB>2</SUB>] containing transition metal halide anions [NiCl<SUB>4</SUB>]<SUP>2−</SUP> and [CoCl<SUB>4</SUB>]<SUP>2−</SUP> were synthesized and characterized by <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR, <SUP>13</SUP>C NMR, LRMS-MS & TGA. The catalytic activities of dicationic ionic liquids were studied for the first time in the hydrolysis reaction of sodium borohydride. The reported work includes the full experimental details for the collection of a wealth of kinetic data to determine the activation energy (<I>E</I>a = 56.36 kJ/mol) and effects of the amount of catalyst, amount of substrate and temperature on the rate for the catalytic hydrolysis of NaBH<SUB>4</SUB>. The activation energy of the catalyst dicationic tetrachloronickelate (II) anion for hydrogen production is comparable to that of other metal halide catalysts.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P><P><ce:figure id='dfig1'></ce:figure></P><P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Pyridinium dicationic ionic liquids containing transition metal complexes were synthesized. ► Dicationic ILs were tested for the hydrogen generation from sodium borohydride. ► [C<SUB>6</SUB>(mpy)<SUB>2</SUB>][NiCl<SUB>4</SUB>]<SUP>2−</SUP> was found to be active catalyst than [C<SUB>6</SUB>(mpy)<SUB>2</SUB>][CoCl<SUB>4</SUB>]<SUP>2−</SUP>. ► [C<SUB>6</SUB>(mpy)<SUB>2</SUB>][NiCl<SUB>4</SUB>]<SUP>2−</SUP> catalyst provides 5048 ml hydrogen generation over 23 h.</P>

Socio-Demography and Medical History as Predictors of Health-Related Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Survivors

Ramadas, Amutha,Qureshi, Ahmad Munir,Dominic, Nisha Angela,Botross, Nevein Philip,Riad, Amgad,Arasoo, Valliammai Jayanthi Thirunavuk,Elangovan, Soman Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.4

Background: Even after completion of conventional treatment, breast cancer survivors continue to exhibit a variety of psychological and physical symptoms, affecting their quality of life. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between socio-demography, medical characteristics and health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) of a sample of breast cancer survivors in Malaysia. Materials and Methods: This pilot cross-sectional survey was conducted among breast cancer survivors (n=40) who were members of Breast Cancer Support Group Centre Johor Bahru. A validated self-administered questionnaire was used to identify the relationships between socio-demography, medical characteristics and HR-QOL of the participants. Results: Living with family and completion of treatment were significant predictive factors of self-rated QOL, while living with family and ever giving birth significantly predicted satisfaction with health and physical health. Psychological health had moderate correlations with number of children and early cancer stage. Survivors' higher personal income (>MYR4,500) was the only significant predictor of social relationship, while age, income more than MYR4,500 and giving birth significantly predicted environment domain score. Conclusions: The findings suggested the survivors coped better in all four HR-QOL domains if they were married, lived with family, had children and were employed.

Fabrication of ionic liquid/polymer nanoscale networks by electrospinning and chemical cross-linking and their application in hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of NaBH₄

Chinnappan, Amutha,Jadhav, Arvind H.,Puguan, John Marc C.,Appiah-Ntiamoah, Richard,Kim, Hern Elsevier 2015 ENERGY Vol.79 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study reports the development of a new system of IL (ionic liquid) with metal complex, chemically crosslinked, electrospun nanofibers based on PVDF (poly(vinylidene fluoride)) as a polymer matrix. The nanofibers were fabricated with different amounts of ionic liquid, PEG (polyethylene glycol), and EGDMA (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) via electrospinning. The obtained nanofiber composites were thermal treated at 135 °C to produce physically bonded structures and chemically cross-linked networks, which were confirmed by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), EDX (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer) and FT-IR spectra (Fourier transform infrared). The elecrospun PVDF/PEG/EGDMA/IL chemically cross-linked nanofibers were tested for the hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride. The nanofiber composites showed high stability and recycling ability in repeated number of runs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Ionic liquid/polymer nanoscale networks were prepared by electrospinning method. </LI> <LI> The fabricated nanofibers cross-linked by thermal treatment. </LI> <LI> Crosslinked and non crosslinked nanofibers were investigated for hydrogen generation. </LI> <LI> Crosslinked nanofibers shown excellent performance. </LI> <LI> The stability and recyclability of the catalyst was excellent. </LI> </UL> </P>

Facile synthesis of polypyrrole/ionic liquid nanoparticles and use as an electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction

Chinnappan, Amutha,Bandal, Harshad,Ramakrishna, Seeram,Kim, Hern Elsevier 2018 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL -LAUSANNE- Vol.335 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, we report a simple approach based on the complexation of water soluble polymer with metal cations, for fabricating well defined polypyrrole (PPy)/ionic liquid (IL) nanoparticles (24–44 nm in diameter) by chemical oxidation polymerization. This procedure doesn’t require harsh environment such as temperature and pressure and the simple process offers a great possibility for mass production of polymer nanoparticles. The obtained PPy/IL nanoparticles were tested as an electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction. We have not added any transition metal or metal oxide. But, the as-prepared catalyst has ionic liquid which containing 1-allyl-3-methylpyridinium cation and tetrachloronickelate anion complex. The as-prepared catalyst PPy/IL nanoparticles showed the Tafel slope of 53 mV dec<SUP>−1</SUP>. High catalytic activity of PPy/IL for OER is evident from low onset potential of 516 mV (η<SUB>1</SUB> = 328 mV) and high current density observed in the polarization curve. Moreover, the as-prepared catalyst achieved current density of 10 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP> at low potential of only 583 mV which corresponds to an overpotential of only 392 mV.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> PPy/IL nanoparticles were synthesized via chemical oxidation polymerization. </LI> <LI> Tafel slope 55 mV dec<SUP>−1.</SUP> </LI> <LI> Low onset potential 516 mV (η<SUB>1</SUB> = 328 mV) observed at high current density. </LI> <LI> The catalyst showed remarkable stability and retained 83% of its initial activity. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Mn nanoparticles decorated on the ionic liquid functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes as a supercapacitor electrode material

Chinnappan, Amutha,Bandal, Harshad,Kim, Hern,Ramakrishna, Seeram Elsevier 2017 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL -LAUSANNE- Vol.316 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Multiwalled carbon nanotubes/ionic liquid/Mn nanohybrids (MWCNTs/IL/Mn) are synthesized by chemical reduction method. This method involves functionalization of MWCNTs with pyridinium based dicationic ionic liquid and in situ reduction of MnCl<SUB>2</SUB>. The surface morphology of MWCNTs/IL/Mn nanohybrids analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed the tubular structure of MWCNTs. It also revealed that Mn nanoparticles are distributed on the high surface area of MWCNTs/IL. The potential application of MWCNTs/IL/Mn as an electrode for supercapacitor devices is investigated using electrochemical methods. The cyclic voltammetry of nanohybrids electrode using 3.0M KOH electrolytes showed the presence of redox peaks suggesting pseudocapacitance behavior. The performance of the electrode is tested using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge and electrochemical impedance spectrometry. The as-prepared catalyst MWCNTs/IL/Mn nanohybrids electrode exhibit high specific capacitances of about 432.4 and 229.9Fg<SUP>−1</SUP> at scan rate of 5 and 10mVs<SUP>−1</SUP> respectively. The specific capacitance obtained in this study was comparable with CNT/MnO<SUB>2</SUB> based catalysts reported in the literature.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> MWCNTs/IL/Mn nanohydrids electrode material for supercapacitor. </LI> <LI> MWCNTs/IL/Mn is synthesized by chemical reduction method. </LI> <LI> MWCNTs/IL/Mn shows the specific capacitance of 432.4Fg<SUP>−1</SUP> at a scan rate of 5mVs<SUP>−1.</SUP> </LI> <LI> The as-prepared electrode material shows a good cycling stability. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>