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Genome and transcriptome-wide analyses of cellulose synthase gene superfamily in soybean
Nawaz, Muhammad Amjad,Rehman, Hafiz Mamoon,Baloch, Faheem Shehzad,Ijaz, Babar,Ali, Muhammad Amjad,Khan, Iqrar Ahmad,Lee, Jeong Dong,Chung, Gyuhwa,Yang, Seung Hwan G. Fischer 2017 Journal of plant physiology Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The plant cellulose synthase gene superfamily belongs to the category of type-2 glycosyltransferases, and is involved in cellulose and hemicellulose biosynthesis. These enzymes are vital for maintaining cell-wall structural integrity throughout plant life. Here, we identified 78 putative cellulose synthases (CS) in the soybean genome. Phylogenetic analysis against 40 reference <I>Arabidopsis</I> CS genes clustered soybean CSs into seven major groups (CESA, CSL A, B, C, D, E and G), located on 19 chromosomes (except chromosome 18). Soybean CS expansion occurred in 66 duplication events. Additionally, we identified 95 simple sequence repeat makers related to 44 CSs. We next performed digital expression analysis using publically available datasets to understand potential CS functions in soybean. We found that CSs were highly expressed during soybean seed development, a pattern confirmed with an Affymatrix soybean IVT array and validated with RNA-seq profiles. Within CS groups, CESAs had higher relative expression than CSLs. Soybean CS models were designed based on maximum average RPKM values. Gene co-expression networks were developed to explore which CSs could work together in soybean. Finally, RT-PCR analysis confirmed the expression of 15 selected CSs during all four seed developmental stages.</P>
ESBL: An Energy-Efficient Scheme by Balancing Load in Group Based WSNs
( Amjad Mehmood ),( M. Nouman ),( Muhammad Muneer Umar ),( Houbing Song ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.10
Energy efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is very appealing research area due to serious constrains on resources like storage, processing, and communication power of the sensor nodes. Due to limited capabilities of sensing nodes, such networks are composed of a large number of nodes. The higher number of nodes increases the overall performance in data collection from environment and transmission of packets among nodes. In such networks the nodes sense data and ultimately forward the information to a Base Station (BS). The main issues in WSNs revolve around energy consumption and delay in relaying of data. A lot of research work has been published in this area of achieving energy efficiency in the network. Various techniques have been proposed to divide such networks; like grid division of network, group based division, clustering, making logical layers of network, variable size clusters or groups and so on. In this paper a new technique of group based WSNs is proposed by using some features from recent published protocols i.e. “Energy-Efficient Multi-level and Distance Aware Clustering (EEMDC)” and “Energy-Efficient Multi-level and Distance Aware Clustering (EEUC)”. The proposed work is not only energy-efficient but also minimizes the delay in relaying of data from the sensor nodes to BS. Simulation results show, that it outperforms LEACH protocol by 38%, EEMDC by 10% and EEUC by 13%.
Amjad M. Husaini,Samina Aquil,Mukhtar Bhat,Tabassum Qadri,Kamaluddin,Malik Zainul Abdin 한국작물학회 2008 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.11 No.2
A high-efficiency, reproducible somatic embryogenesis system for strawberry cultivar Chandler was developed. Thirty-one somatic embryos per explant (max no.) were recorded in leaf discs which were cultured on medium containing MS salts + B5 vitamins + 2% glucose + 4.0 mg l-¹TDZ (Thidiazuron) and incubated at 10 ± 1 ℃ under darkness for one week followed by three weeks under 16-h photoperiod. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) ontogeny revealed the normal development of somatic embryos from globular to heart-shaped and dissection microscopy from torpedo-shaped to cotyledonary-stage embryos. The maximum germination percentage of 48% could be obtained on MS medium containing kinetin (1.0 mg l-¹) and the maximum survival percentage (79%) of plantlets after four weeks was found to be in the mixture of vermiculite, peatmoss, and soilrite (1:1:1). A high-efficiency, reproducible somatic embryogenesis system for strawberry cultivar Chandler was developed. Thirty-one somatic embryos per explant (max no.) were recorded in leaf discs which were cultured on medium containing MS salts + B5 vitamins + 2% glucose + 4.0 mg l-¹TDZ (Thidiazuron) and incubated at 10 ± 1 ℃ under darkness for one week followed by three weeks under 16-h photoperiod. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) ontogeny revealed the normal development of somatic embryos from globular to heart-shaped and dissection microscopy from torpedo-shaped to cotyledonary-stage embryos. The maximum germination percentage of 48% could be obtained on MS medium containing kinetin (1.0 mg l-¹) and the maximum survival percentage (79%) of plantlets after four weeks was found to be in the mixture of vermiculite, peatmoss, and soilrite (1:1:1).
Prospects of stem cell treatment in benign urological diseases
Amjad Alwaal,Ahmed A. Hussein,Ching-Shwun Lin,Tom F. Lue 대한비뇨의학회 2015 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.56 No.4
Stem cells (SCs) are undifferentiated cells that are capable of self-renewal and differentiation and that therefore contribute to the renewal and repair of tissues. Their capacity for division, differentiation, and tissue regeneration is highly dependent on the surrounding environment. Several preclinical and clinical studies have utilized SCs in urological disorders. In this article, we review the current status of SC use in benign urological diseases (erectile dysfunction, Peyronie disease, infertility, and urinary incontinence), and we summarize the results of the preclinical and clinical trials that have been conducted.
TinyOS-New Trends, Comparative Views, and Supported Sensing Applications: A Review
Amjad, Muhammad,Sharif, Muhammad,Afzal, Muhammad Khalil,Sung Won Kim IEEE 2016 IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL Vol.16 No.9
<P>The wireless sensor network (WSN) is an interesting area for modern day research groups. Tiny sensor nodes are deployed in a diversity of environments but with limited resources. Scarce resources compel researchers to employ an operating system that requires limited memory and minimum power. Tiny operating system (TinyOS) is a widely used operating system for sensor nodes, which provides concurrency and flexibility while adhering to the constraints of scarce resources. Comparatively, TinyOS is considered to be the most robust, innovative, energy-efficient, and widely used operating system in sensor networks. This paper looks at the state-of-the-art TinyOS and the different dimensions of its design paradigm, programming model, execution model, scheduling algorithms, concurrency, memory management, hardware support platforms, and other features. The addition of different features in TinyOS makes it the operating system of choice for WSNs. Sensing nodes with TinyOS seem to show more flexibility in supporting diverse types of sensing applications.</P>
Privacy Inferences and Performance Analysis of Open Source IPS/IDS to Secure IoT-Based WBAN
Amjad, Ali,Maruf, Pasha,Rabbiah, Zaheer,Faiz, Jillani,Urooj, Pasha International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.12
Besides unexpected growth perceived by IoT's, the variety and volume of threats have increased tremendously, making it a necessity to introduce intrusion detections systems for prevention and detection of such threats. But Intrusion Detection and Prevention System (IDPS) inside the IoT network yet introduces some unique challenges due to their unique characteristics, such as privacy inference, performance, and detection rate and their frequency in the dynamic networks. Our research is focused on the privacy inferences of existing intrusion prevention and detection system approaches. We also tackle the problem of providing unified a solution to implement the open-source IDPS in the IoT architecture for assessing the performance of IDS by calculating; usage consumption and detection rate. The proposed scheme is considered to help implement the human health monitoring system in IoT networks
Amjad Shallan,Everett Lohman,Faris Alshammari,Robert Dudley,Omar Gharisia,Rana Al-Marzouki,Helen Hsu,Noha Daherd 물리치료재활과학회 2019 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.8 No.3
Objective: To compare the postural control between non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) subgroups and healthy people during dynamic balance performance using a modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT). Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Eighteen NSCLBP subjects (9 active extension pattern [AEP], 9 flexion pattern [FP]), and 10 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. All subjects performed mSEBT on their dominant leg on a force plate. Normalized reach distance and balance parameters, including the center of pressure (COP) displacement and velocity, were recorded. Results: There were significant differences in mean reach distances in both posterolateral and posteromedial (PM) reach directions between AEP and healthy subjects (p<0.001) and between FP and healthy subjects (p<0.001). However, there were no significant differences among the three groups in the anterior reach direction. Also, the results showed no significant differences in mean COP variables (velocity and displacement) between pooled NSCLBP and healthy subjects. However, the subjects were reclassified into AEP, FP and healthy groups and the results showed a significant difference in mean COP velocity in the PM direction between AEP and FP subjects (p=0.048), and between AEP and healthy subjects (p=0.024). Conclusions: The findings in this study highlight the heterogeneity of the individuals with NSCLBP and the importance of identifying the homogenous subgroups. Individuals with AEP and FP experience deficits in dynamic postural control compared to healthy controls. In addition, the findings of this study support the concept of the Multidimensional Classification System.