파키스탄에서의 한국어 교육과정의 현황 및 발전 방향 - 기관별 교육과정을 중심으로 -

AMANULLAH 한국문화융합학회 2019 문화와 융합 Vol.41 No.1

In this paper, the present condition of the Korean language curriculum in Pakistan is reviewed by examining the academic goals, materials, and evaluation methods of Korean language education in the country. On the basis of the results, basic problems in Korean language education in Pakistan were identified and corresponding plans for their eradication were suggested. Presently, Korean language education in Pakistan has a limited history of 13 years; however, a lot of achievements can already be observed. The Korean language curriculum in Pakistan is based on the curricula of NUML University, King Sejong Institute, Overseas Employment Corporation, and several private academies that had successfully conducted a substantial amount of research in previous years. Furthermore, efforts are being made for advancing the Korean language in Pakistan. Establishment of a Korean language department at NUML University, increase in the number of students through an employment permit system, cooperation from related organizations, and expansion of private academies are clear examples of Korean language development in Pakistan. However, Korean language education in Pakistan is also facing some limitations and problems, and these need to be resolved quickly. For example, the goal and purpose of the Korean language curriculum should be rearranged on the basis of the demands of local students. Moreover, the syllabus too should be designed according to the requirements of local students. Also, there is an urgent necessity to develop Korean language course materials for Pakistani students. The high demand and low production of Korean language materials in Pakistan has led to an unauthorized increase in the number of private academies that are risking the quality and development of Korean language education in the country. Therefore, not only should the eligibility criteria for Korean language teachers get stricter, but ways to reinforce the capability of these teachers should also be identified.

Phase transitions and large electric field-induced strain in BiAlO3-modified Bi0.5(Na, K)0.5TiO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics

Aman Ullah,안창원,Ali Hussain,Hai Joon Lee,Ill Won Kim,이선영 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.4

Lead-free piezoelectric (1 - x)(Bi0.5(Na0.78K0.22)0.5TiO3)–xBiAlO3 (abbreviated BNKT22–BA, x = 0.00–0.100)ceramics were synthesized using a conventional sintering technique. The incorporation of BA into the BNKT22 lattice was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the dielectric and ferroelectric characterizations and electric field-induced strain behavior. Wefound that the structural and electrical properties of BNKT22 ceramics are significantly influenced by the presence of BA content. X-ray diffraction revealed a pure perovskite phase for x ≤ 0.050. A phase transformation from tetragonal to pseudocubic was observed at x = 0.050. As BA content increased, the maximum dielectric constant continuously decreased, and the depolarization temperature (Td) shifted towards lower temperatures. The polarization and strain hysteresis loops indicate that the addition of BA significantly disrupts the ferroelectric order. The destabilization of the ferroelectric order is accompanied by an enhancement of bipolar and unipolar strains. In particular,a very large electric field-induced strain (S = 0.35%) and a normalized strain (d*33 = Smax/Emax = 592 pm/V)were observed at x = 0.030, near the tetragonal–pseudocubic phase boundary. These results suggested that the BNKT22–BA system is a promising candidate for high performance, lead-free electromechanical applications.

The effects of sintering temperatures on dielectric, ferroelectric and electric field-induced strain of lead-free Bi0.5(Na0.78K0.22)0.5TiO3 piezoelectric ceramics synthesized by the sol–gel technique

Aman Ullah,Chang Won Ahn,Ali Hussain,Ill Won Kim 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.6

Lead-free Bi0.5(Na0.78K0.22)0.5TiO3 (BNKT) piezoelectric ceramics were synthesized by the solegel technique. The effects of sintering temperatures on the crystal structure, microstructure, densification,dielectric, ferroelectric and electric field-induced strain behaviors of the BNKT ceramics were investigated. X-ray diffraction patterns exhibited a pure perovskite structure from 1075 to 1150 ℃. A scanning electron microscopy study revealed an increase in grain size with increasing sintering temperature. The density of the ceramics sintered at 1150 ℃ reaches a maximum value of 5.55 g/㎤, which is 96% of the theoretical density. BNKT ceramics sintered at an optimum temperature of 1150 ℃ exhibited a high remnant polarization of 18.5 mC/㎠, a high electric field-induced strain of 0.20% and dynamic piezoelectric coefficient d33 * = (Smax/Emax) of 247 pm/V.

Korea Immigration & Integration Program Mentor

Aman Ullah 법무부 국제법무정책과 2021 Recent trends of law & regulation in Korea : focus Vol.36 No.-

Phase Transition, Microstructures and Electromechanical Properties of BiAlO3-modified Bi0.5(Na,K)0.5TiO3 Lead-free Piezoelectric Ceramics

Aman Ullah,이선영,이해준,황학인,Ali Hussain,이재신,김일원,안창원 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.57 No.41

Lead-free piezoelectric (1 - x)(Bi0.5(Na0.75K0.25)0.5TiO3)-xBiAlO3 (BNKT25-BA, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.10)ceramics were synthesized using a conventional solid state reaction method. The incorporation of BA into the BNKT25 lattice was investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), ferroelectric characterizations and electric-field-induced strain behavior. X-ray diffraction revealed a pure perovskite phase for x ≤ 0.050. A phase transformation from tetragonal to pseudocubic was observed at x =0.050. The polarization hysteresis loops of the BNTK25-BA ceramics indicate that the addition of BA significantly disrupts the ferroelectric order of BNKT25 ceramics. The destabilization of the ferroelectric order is accompanied by an enhancement of the unipolar strain. In particular, a large electric-field-induced strain (S = 0.29%) and a normalized strain (d*33 = Smax/Emax = 484 pm/V)were observed at x = 0.025, near the tetragonal-pseudocubic phase boundary. These results suggest that the BNKT25-BA system is a promising candidate for lead-free electromechanical applications.

WIND DATA ANALYSIS FOR DYNAMIC STALL PREDICTION FOR WIND TURBINES

Amanullah Choudhry,Maziar Arjomandi,Richard Kelso 한국신재생에너지학회 2011 AFORE Vol.2011 No.-

Effects of Microbial Additives on Chemical Composition and Fermentation Characteristics of Barley Silage

Amanullah, S.M.,Kim, D.H.,Lee, H.J.,Joo, Y.H.,Kim, S.B.,Kim, S.C. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.4

This study examined the effects of bacterial inoculants on chemical composition and fermentation indices of barley silage. Barley forage (Youngyang) was harvested at 24% dry matter (DM) and wilted to 47.9% DM. The wilted barley forage was chopped to 3-5 cm length and applied with no inoculant (CON), L. plantarum ($1{\times}10^{10}cfu/g$, LP) or Effective Microorganisms ($0.5{\times}10^9cfu/g$, EM). Then the forages were ensiled in four replications for each treatment in 20 L mini silos and stored for 100 days. The contents of crude protein and ether extract were higher in CON silage ensiled for 100-d, while the contents of DM and crude ash were higher in EM silage (p<0.05). The contents of ADF, NDF and hemicellulose as well as the in vitro DM digestibility were not affected by microbial inoculation (p>0.05). The pH, ammonia-N concentration and lactate to acetate ratio were higher (p<0.05) in CON silage, while lactate concentrations were higher (p<0.05) in CON and LP silage. Acetate concentration and lactic acid bacteria was increased (p<0.05) by both inoculants (LP and EM), but propionate concentration and yeast was increased (p<0.05) by EM and LP, respectively. These results indicated that the fermentation quality of barley silage was improved by the application of bacterial inoculants.

Fiber Optic Network Infrastructure As Next Generation Power System Communications

Amanullah Maung Than Oo,A. Kalam,A. Zayegh 전력전자학회 2004 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.- No.-

The great needs of the information exchange in the power system are pushing information technology (IT) to play an increasingly important role. A methodology for efficient information consolation, exchange and sharing is required. This need will become increasingly more critical as the volume of information holding increases. This paper reviews current power system communication media and discusses fiber optic network infrastructure for the next generation power system communication. It also systematically analyzes the new optical networking architectures and protocols enabled by recent advances in network and IT technologies.

Arab Woman & Disciplinary Powers

Maram Amanullah Ibrahim AYESH 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2015 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 학술대회자료집 Vol.2015 No.1

This paper assesses the impact of traditional patriarchal discourse on the intentional disappearance of women from the public sphere. It also addresses the roots and fuel for this discourse. The paper will focus on the situation of Arab women, in general, and Palestinian women in particular, as the extension of one “conservative” cultural context, i.e., the Arab-Islamic. In this specific context, women are subjected to disciplinary, intellectual, and social powers since birth. Their thinking is repeatedly reformulated through disciplining their bodies and minds within the axioms of the dominant discourse. Consequently, women submit to the dominant discourse. This leads to a contradictory, schizophrenic situation, which reflects in their performance and self-assertion. The paper applies Michel Foucault’s approach to discourse analysis and the impact of disciplinary power (Foucault, 1997). In addition, the paper will refer to some field studies conducted by Global Communities organization within the LGI program1 in order to present some indicators and evidence in relation to women’s involvement in the public sphere. Moreover, the paper will analyse the reasons for isolating women and keeping them in the private sphere. It will also identify ways to deconstruct the situation and enable women to enter the public sphere. The discussion in the paper will revolve around the body, disciplinary power, and women’s involvement in the public sphere.

Effects of L. plantarum Application on Chemical Composition, Fermentation Indices and Fatty Acid Profiles of Barley Silage

Dong-Hyeon Kim,Sardar M. Amanullah,Hyuk-Jun Lee,Young-Ho Joo,Hee Yun,Seong-Shin Lee,Young-Min Song,Hoi-Yun Kim,Sam-Churl Kim 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2015 농업생명과학연구 Vol.49 No.5

This study was conducted to know effects of forage cutting height and inoculants application on chemical composition, fermentation characteristics and fatty acid profile of barley silage. Barley forage(Yuyeon hybrid) was harvested at two different cutting heights(5 vs. 15cm) and applied with or without Lactobacillus plantarum, and ensiled for 0, 2, 7, 28, 49 and 100days. On 0 to 49-d of ensiling, higher cutting height resulted rapid drop (p<0.05) in pH caused by higher lactate content. Crude protein (p<0.01) content of 100-d silage was decreased by inoculation, but increased by higher cutting height. However, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents were decreased (p<0.05) by both inoculation and cutting height. In vitro dry matter digestibility was improved by higher cutting height (p=0.01), while yeast and mold counts were reduced (p<0.0001). The C18:3n-3 content in barley silage was decreased (p=0.001) by inoculation, but increased (p=0.034) by higher cutting height. The DNA analysis indicated L. plantarum dominating fermentation in inoculated silages. The results showed that higher cutting height can improve silage quality in terms of increasing crude protein content and digestibility as well as reducing yeast and mold counts in barley silage.