Spatial and temporal dynamics of the abundance of crustose calcareous algae on the southernmost coral reefs of the western Atlantic (Abrolhos Bank, Brazil)

Amado-Filho, Gilberto M.,Bahia, Ricardo G.,Mariath, Rodrigo,Jesionek, Michel B.,Moura, Rodrigo Leao,Bastos, Alex C.,Pereira-Filho, Guilherme Henrique,Francini-Filho, Ronaldo Bastos The Korean Society of Phycology 2018 ALGAE Vol.33 No.1

Crustose calcareous algae (CCA) constitute one of the main reef builders on the Abrolhos Bank, Brazil. Once CCA taxonomy is locally understood, differences in growth-forms may be useful for the delimitation of taxa using characteristics such as the presence or absence of surface protuberances. Here, growth-forms were used to identify and quantify the most common CCA taxa on the shallow reefs (3-10 m) of the Abrolhos Bank to determine possible changes in the CCA community over a period of 10 years, and the ecological significance of CCA to local reefs was interpreted. The CCA assemblages were surveyed from 2006-2015 by using fixed photoquadrats at four sites in the inner (10-20 km from the mainland) and mid-shelf reefs (40-75 km from the mainland). The five most common CCA taxa were Pneophyllum conicum, the Lithophyllum kaiserii / Lithophyllum sp. complex, Melyvonnea erubescens, the Hydrolithon boergesenii / Porolithon onkodes complex and Peyssonelia sp. The overall mean CCA cover on the reefs was 20%. A comparison with a previous monitoring study in the same region indicated that the CCA cover nearly doubled from 2003-2008 to 2006-2015. This study reveals that the coral-killing species P. conicum dominated CCA flora on the shallow Abrolhos reefs in the last decade, and the local specific abundance of CCA slightly fluctuated over time and was species- and site-specific. The information obtained in this study contributes to the understanding of the ecology of the key calcifying components of the Abrolhos reefs and provides a useful baseline for exploring the responses of CCA to future environmental changes.

Spatial and temporal dynamics of the abundance of crustose calcareous algae on the southernmost coral reefs of the western Atlantic (Abrolhos Bank, Brazil)

Gilberto M. Amado-Filho,Ricardo G. Bahia,Rodrigo Mariath,Michel B. Jesionek,Rodrigo Leão Moura,Alex C. Bastos,Guilherme Henrique Pereira-Filho,Ronaldo Bastos Francini-Filho 한국조류학회I 2018 ALGAE Vol.33 No.1

Crustose calcareous algae (CCA) constitute one of the main reef builders on the Abrolhos Bank, Brazil. Once CCA taxonomy is locally understood, differences in growth-forms may be useful for the delimitation of taxa using characteristics such as the presence or absence of surface protuberances. Here, growth-forms were used to identify and quantify the most common CCA taxa on the shallow reefs (3-10 m) of the Abrolhos Bank to determine possible changes in the CCA community over a period of 10 years, and the ecological significance of CCA to local reefs was interpreted. The CCA assemblages were surveyed from 2006-2015 by using fixed photoquadrats at four sites in the inner (10-20 km from the mainland) and mid-shelf reefs (40-75 km from the mainland). The five most common CCA taxa were Pneophyllum conicum, the Lithophyllum kaiserii / Lithophyllum sp. complex, Melyvonnea erubescens, the Hydrolithon boergesenii / Porolithon onkodes complex and Peyssonelia sp. The overall mean CCA cover on the reefs was 20%. A comparison with a previous monitoring study in the same region indicated that the CCA cover nearly doubled from 2003-2008 to 2006-2015. This study reveals that the coral-killing species P. conicum dominated CCA flora on the shallow Abrolhos reefs in the last decade, and the local specific abundance of CCA slightly fluctuated over time and was species- and site-specific. The information obtained in this study contributes to the understanding of the ecology of the key calcifying components of the Abrolhos reefs and provides a useful baseline for exploring the responses of CCA to future environmental changes.

CONTROL OF THE UNBALANCE RESPONSE IN A ROTOR-BEARING SYSTEM WITH A SEMIACTIVE SUSPENSION BASED ON MR DAMPERS

Alvaro Cabrera-Amado,Gerardo Silva-Navarro 한국소음진동공학회 2008 한국소음진동공학회 국제학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.7

Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Effects of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Essential Oil in Experimental Animal Models

I. Takaki,L.E. Bersani-Amado,A. Vendruscolo,S.M. Sartoretto,S.P. Diniz,C.A. Bersani-Amado,R.K.N. Cuman 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.4

Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Family Lamiaceae), popularly named rosemary, is a common household plant grown in many parts of the world, including Brazil. Rosemary leaves are used for food flavoring and have been used in folk medicine for many conditions; they have antispasmodic, analgesic, antirheumatic, carminative, cholagogue, diuretic, expectorant, and antiepileptic effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of rosemary essential oil (REO) on experimental models of nociception and inflammation in animals. The anti-inflammatory effect of REO was evaluated by inflammatory exudate volume and leukocyte migration in carrageenan-induced pleurisy and carrageenan-induced paw edema tests in rats. Antinociception was evaluated using the acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate tests in mice. REO (500 mg/kg) significantly reduced the volume of pleural exudate and slightly decreased the number of cells that had migrated compared with the control animals. At doses of 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg, REO significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced edema 1–4 hours after injection of the phlogistic agent. In the hot plate test, REO administration (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) showed unremarkable effects on response latency, whereas control injection of meperidine induced significant antinociceptive effects. REO at doses of 70, 125, and 250 mg/kg had a significant antinociceptive effect in the acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing test compared with control animals. These data suggest that REO possesses anti-inflammatory and peripheral antinociceptive activity.

A computationally efficient numerical integration scheme for non-linear planestress/strain FEM applications using one-point constitutive model evaluation

Héctor R. Amezcua,Amado G. Ayala 국제구조공학회 2023 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.85 No.1

This work presents a proposal for employing reduced numerical integration in the formulation of the 4-node quadrilateral solid finite element. The use of these low-order integration rules leads to numerical instabilities such as those producing the hourglass effect. The proposed procedure allows evaluating a given constitutive model only in one integration point, achieving an attractive computational cost reduction and, also, successfully controls the hourglass effect. A validation of the proposal is included and discussed throughout the paper. To show the efficiency of the proposal, several application examples of masonry structures are studied and discussed. To represent the non-linear mechanical behaviour of masonry a plastic-damage model is implemented within the application of this sub-integration scheme. Also, in order to have a full and computationally efficient strategy to determine the behaviour of masonry structures, involving its evolution to collapse, a homogenization technique with a macro-modeling approach is used. The methodology discussed throughout this paper demonstrates a substantial computational cost reduction and an improved approximation of the non-linear problem evidenced by a reduction of up to 85% of the computational time for some cases.

우분과 견목 바이오매스 폐기물 파일럿 유동층 가스화 기술

남형석 ( Hyungseok Nam ),( Sergio Capareda ),( Sushil Adhikari ),( Amado Maglinao ),서명원 ( Myung Won Seo ),이도연 ( Doyeon Lee ),류호정 ( Ho-jung Ryu ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2020 한국폐기물자원순환학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2020 No.-

전 세계적으로 특성화된 산업 구조는 각각 다른 종류의 폐기물 생산을 야기 시킨다. 그러므로 각기 다른 방식으로 폐기물을 처리 해야만 한다. 미국의 Texas에서는 대규모 젖소 농장이 위치 해 있고 많은 양의 우분이 배출되고, 온실가스 배출에 큰 영향을 미치고 있다. 주로 혐기성 소화조에서 바이오가스 생산을 한 후 40%이상의 찌꺼기는 매립하는 형태로 우분은 처리되고 있다. 또한 미국의 젖소 농장에서는 우유 생산량을 극대화하기 위해 약 30% 이상의 농장에서 모래를 바닥제로 사용하고 있고 이는 열적변환 기술에 악조건임에 틀림없다. 그러므로 농장에서 우분이 생산된 시점부터 열적변환 기술에 적용 가능한 연료를 확보하기 위해서는 전처리 공정이 필수적이다. 이러한 이슈를 통해 본 연구에서는 전처리 공정을 통한 열적변환에 적합한 연료를 생산하였다. 폐기물 기준 1MW급 파일럿 규모의 유동층 반응기를 이용하여 합성 가스를 생산하고 그 합성가스를 30kW급 LNG 보일러를 이용하여 발전하는 공정 시스템을 개발 하였다. Texas 북부에서는 50,000 마리 이상의 젖소 농장들이 밀집해 있다. 폐기물의 운송료를 줄이기 위하여 이동식 가스화 장치를 고안하였고 현장에서 생산되는 우분을 즉시 처리하여 합성가스 발전까지 이루어지는 연구를 수행하였다. 미국 남부의 Alabama에는 전통적으로 종이와 펄프를 생산하는 공업지역이 활성화 되어 있고 대량의 견목폐기물이 쏟아지고 있다. 이에 견목을 이용한 가압 가스화를 진행하였고, 합성가스, 타르, 오염가스, 바이오차에 대한 총괄적인 분석을 진행하였다. 가압 가스화를 통해 생산된 합성가스는 최종적으로 케미컬을 만드는 것이 목표였다. 가스화 장치의 가압상태는 가스화 효율을 증대 시킬 뿐 아니라 케미컬을 만드는 전체 공정 효율도 높일 것으로 기대하였다.

Evaluation of Soybean Methanol Fraction on Acute Inflammation

Vanessa da Silva Carrara,Ciomar Bersani Amado,Juliana Oliveira de Melo,Jose´ Marcos Gontijo Mandarino,Dio´genes Aparı´cio Garcia Cortez 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.12

Soybeans have been of interest of researchers because of the presence of isoflavones, a subclass of flavonoids,which have demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this study was investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of the methanol fraction from soybean, which contains mainly isoflavone glucosides and malonylglucosides. The anti-inflammatory activity of the methanol fraction from soybean was studied using croton oil–induced mouse ear edema and carrageenan-induced pleurisy models. The methanol fraction inhibited the ear edema in a dose-dependent manner: 0.625 mg/kg by 44.23% (P < .05), 1.25 mg/kg by 60.68% (P < .01), and 2.5 mg/kg by 65.68% (P < .01). Myeloperoxidase enzyme activity was reduced at the dose of 2.5 mg/kg (64.79%, P < .05). No effects were seen on carrageenan-induced pleurisy at different doses of the methanol fraction (100 or 400 mg/kg). These results demonstrated that the methanol fraction containing conjugated isoflavones showed topical anti-inflammatory activity. There was no acute toxicity in Swiss mice after oral administration of the fraction, at doses of 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, and 4,000 mg/kg.

Optimal voice packet classification for enhanced VoIP over priority-enabled networks

Filipe Neves,Salviano Soares,Pedro A. Amado Assuncao 한국통신학회 2018 Journal of communications and networks Vol.20 No.6

This paper proposes a method for optimal classificationof voice packets to enhance the quality of voice communicationsover priority-enabled networks when poor transmission conditionsoccur. Either high or low priority is assigned to each packetaccording to the relevance of its payload (voice segment) for thevoice intelligibility. Then, in case of constrained networking conditions,by discarding first the voice packets of lower importance,the network always delivers those segments that most contributeto the perceptual quality. The proposed method is based on a dynamicprogramming optimisation algorithm that finds the optimalsubset of m high priority voice segments in each utterance of sizen > m. Such optimal subset minimizes the reconstruction distortionover all possible subsets with the same size m (i.e., the distortionincurred by a utterance reconstructed from only m segments). The simulation results show that the proposed method consistentlyachieves higher mean opinion scores (MOS) in comparisonwith non-selective packet drop under the same random networkloss conditions, yielding better quality of experience (QoE)for the same packet loss rates (PLR). The priority classification algorithmis independent from error concealment methods and distortionmetrics used in the optimisation process, which allows generalisationfor diverse communication networks and applications.

microRNA-mediated regulation of mTOR complex components facilitates discrimination between activation and anergy in CD4 T cells

Marcais, Antoine,Blevins, Rory,Graumann, Johannes,Feytout, Amelie,Dharmalingam, Gopuraja,Carroll, Thomas,Amado, Inê,s F.,Bruno, Ludovica,Lee, Keunwook,Walzer, Thierry,Mann, Matthias,Freitas, Anto The Rockefeller University Press 2014 The Journal of experimental medicine Vol.211 No.11

<P>T cell receptor (TCR) signals can elicit full activation with acquisition of effector functions or a state of anergy. Here, we ask whether microRNAs affect the interpretation of TCR signaling. We find that Dicer-deficient CD4 T cells fail to correctly discriminate between activating and anergy-inducing stimuli and produce IL-2 in the absence of co-stimulation. Excess IL-2 production by Dicer-deficient CD4 T cells was sufficient to override anergy induction in WT T cells and to restore inducible Foxp3 expression in <I>Il2</I>-deficient CD4 T cells. Phosphorylation of Akt on S473 and of S6 ribosomal protein was increased and sustained in Dicer-deficient CD4 T cells, indicating elevated mTOR activity. The mTOR components Mtor and Rictor were posttranscriptionally deregulated, and the microRNAs Let-7 and miR-16 targeted the <I>Mtor</I> and <I>Rictor</I> mRNAs. Remarkably, returning Mtor and Rictor to normal levels by deleting one allele of <I>Mtor</I> and one allele of <I>Rictor</I> was sufficient to reduce Akt S473 phosphorylation and to reduce co-stimulation–independent IL-2 production in Dicer-deficient CD4 T cells. These results show that microRNAs regulate the expression of mTOR components in T cells, and that this regulation is critical for the modulation of mTOR activity. Hence, microRNAs contribute to the discrimination between T cell activation and anergy.</P>

Black Anal Canal: Acute Necrosis

Sandra Barbeiro,Catarina Martins,Cláudia Gonçalves,Paulo Alves,Inês Gil,Manuela Canhoto,Filipe Silva,Isabel Cotrim,Cristina Amado,Liliana Eliseu,Helena Vasconcelos 대한대장항문학회 2016 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.32 No.4

Acute ischemia of the rectum or anal canal resulting in necrosis is extremely uncommon because both the rectum and the anal canal have excellent blood supplies. We present a case with spontaneous necrosis of the anal canal without rectal involvement. Surgical debridement was accomplished, and the recovery was uneventful. The patient was elderly, with probable atherosclerotic arterial disease, and presented with hypotension. Due to the lack of other precipitating factors, the hypoperfusion hypothesis seems to be the most suitable in this case. To the best of our knowledge, no similar cases have been reported in the literature on this subject.