http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
AIMEE FRANKLIN,DALE KRANE,CAROL EBDON 한국행정학회 2013 International Review of Public Administration Vol.18 No.1
Modifications to policymaking processes and actors are crucial when transitioning to multilevel governance. Civic engagement in budgeting processes, where crucial policy decisions are determined, is an important component of shared governance. Understanding the new roles for citizens in the budget process, then, can extend our knowledge of multilevel governance. This research explores the ways in which the budget process incorporates citizen participation to foster an ideal of civil society in the United States, Brazil, and China. The comparative case analysis probes the extent to which institutional changes have occurred, why they have occurred, and the degree to which municipal budget processes are characterized by multilevel governance.
Extended nursing and/or increased starter diet allowances for low weaning weight pigs
Craig Aimee-Louise,Muns Ramon,Gordon Alan,Magowan Elizabeth 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.8
Objective: To evaluate the use of nurse sows and post-weaning nutrition strategies for low wean weight (WW) pigs on lifetime growth and efficiency. Methods: Animals (n = 270) were assigned to one of five treatments at 28 d. Low WW pigs (<6 kg) were either weaned and offered a special dietary regime recommended for low WW pigs (WEAN) or placed on a nurse sow (NURSE) and weaned at 49 d. Normal WW pigs (9 kg) (NORM) were also weaned at 28 d. After weaning, NORM and NURSE pigs were offered either a ‘high’ (4 kg/pig of starter 1 diet followed by 8 kg/pig of starter 2 diet) or ‘low’ (8 kg/pig of starter 2 diet) starter diet allowance in a 2×2 factorial arrangement. A typical grower diet was then offered, followed by a typical finisher diet until 147 d of age. Results: NORM pigs where heavier throughout their life compared to NURSE pigs (91.4 kg vs 76.2 kg at 147 d; p<0.001). WEAN pigs were heavier at 70 d compared to NURSE pigs (23.9 kg vs 21.0 kg; p<0.001), but there was no significant difference at 147 d between NURSE and WEAN treatments. NURSE pigs had reduced feed intake throughout the finishing period (1.6 kg/d; p<0.001) compared to WEAN (2.0 kg/d) and NORM (1.9 kg/d) pigs. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of NURSE (2.20) was lower than NORM and WEAN during the finishing period (2.40 and 2.79, respectively). Conclusion: Extended (up to 49 d) nursing for low WW pigs resulted in improved FCR during the finishing period, but no overall improvement in growth rate compared to low WW pigs weaned at 28 d and offered a specialised starter regime. Normal WW pigs where significantly heavier than low WW pigs throughout the study.
Tran Aimee N.,Chang Seung Ho 한국체육학회 2022 International journal of human movement science Vol.16 No.1
Athletes are often faced with tasks that demand high levels of focus, success, and performance. Professional athletes, specifically, are expected by many people to be the best and perform exceptionally well. Their lives often revolve around their sport, with long hours of training, strict nutrition, and different types of therapy. However, these athletes are human and experience stress from various factors. Athletes can experience external stress (e.g., from the audience or coaches), or internal stress (e.g., negative thoughts or anxiety). These are only a few examples of the stressors that athletes face throughout their careers. Numerous other factors may cause athletes to stress, and consequently, perform poorly. Therefore, athletes may have low levels of confidence, experience anxiety, or lose focus during high stake moments. However, there is a great body of research that shows mental skills training helps athletes overcome stressors and perform better. Self-talk is one example of an intervention for the mental skills found to help individuals perform better through relaxation, goal setting, self-regulation, self-reflection, flow, and self-efficacy. To better understand the effects of self-talk on sports performance, there is a need to identify how self-talk affects athletes in certain sport skills and situations, as there may be important differences or similarities to discover. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to explore the effectiveness of self-talk on collegiate athletes’ performance across various sports. The findings of this paper suggest that the self-talk is a positive aspect of improving flow, self-efficacy, motivation and stopping general competitive anxiety and a nervousness. In addition, the fact that pairing a challenging statement to negative self-talk would be the effective way to promote athletes’ performance in some situation was found.
Collaboration, Coproduction, and Code-Switching: Colonial Cinema and Postcolonial Archaeology
Nayoung Aimee Kwon 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2012 Cross-Currents Vol.- No.5
This article reassesses the issue of colonial collaboration in the Japanese empire by examining the rise of cinematic coproductions between Japanese and Korean filmmakers. By the late 1930s, colonial Korea’s filmmaking industry had been fully subsumed into the Japanese film industry, and regulations were established that required all films to assimilate imperial policies. The colonial government’s active promotion of colonial “collaboration” and “coproduction” between the colonizers and the colonized ideologically worked to obfuscate these increasing restrictions in colonial film productions while producing complex and contentious desires across the colonial divide. The very concepts of “collaboration” and “coproduction” need to be redefined in light of increasingly complex imperial hierarchies and entanglements. Taking the concept of “code-switching” beyond its linguistic origins, this article argues that we must reassess texts of colonial collaboration and coproduction produced at a time when Korean film had to “code-switch” into Japanese—to linguistically, culturally, and politically align itself with the wartime empire. The article argues that recently excavated films from colonial and Cold War archives, such as Spring in the Korean Peninsula, offer a rare glimpse into repressed and contested histories and raise the broader conundrum of accessing and assessing uneasily commingled colonial pasts of Asian-Pacific nations in the ruins of postcolonial aftermath.
계절별 위성자료를 이용한 미국 캔자스주 식생 분류 -하이브리드 접근방식의 적용-
박선엽(Sunyurp Park),Stephen Egbert(Stephen Egbert),Dana Peterson(Dana Peterson),Aimee Stewart(Aimee Stewart),Chris Lauver(Chris Lauver),Kevin Price(Kevin Price),Clayton Blodgett(Clayton Blodgett),Jack C 대한지리학회 2003 대한지리학회지 Vol.38 No.5
미국 캔자스주 정부와 연방정부가 필요로 하는 상세한 지표피복 수치지도제작을 위해, Landsat Thematic Mapper 자료를 이용하여 캔자스주 전체를 대상으로 43가지로 분류된 식생군단(vegetation alliance) 수준의 자연식생지도를 제작하였다. 지도제작 방법으로는 봄, 여름, 가을의 계절별 위성자료를 이용하여 두 단계 분류절차를 거치는 이른바 '하이브리드(hybrid)' 방식을 채택하였다. 이 접근 방법은 첫 단계로 unsupervised classification을 이용, 자연녹지를 농경지로부터 분리해 낸 다음, 두 번째 단계에서 supervised classification, 현장확인조사, 그리고 분류 후 다양한 보강자료를 이용하여 최종적으로 자연식생을 구분·분류해 내는 것이다. 정확도 평가는 세 가지 분류 수준에서 실행되었는데, 이는 앤더슨 분류단계 I(Anderson level I). 식생군계(vegetation formation). 그리고 식생군단 수준을 포함한다. 확인결과 전반적인 정확도는 51.7%에서 89.4%에 이르는 것으로 조사되었다. To address the requirements of gap analysis for species protection, as well as the needs of state and federal agencies for detailed digital land cover, a 43-class map at the vegetation alliance level was created for the state of Kansas using multi-temporal Thematic Mapper imagery. The mapping approach included the use of three-date multi-seasonal imagery, a two-stage classification approach that first masked out cropland areas using unsupervised classification and then mapped natural vegetation with supervised classification, visualization techniques utilizing a map of small multiples and field experts, and extensive use of ancillary data in post-hoc processing. Accuracy assessment was conducted at three levels of generalization (Anderson Level I, vegetation formation, and vegetation alliance) and three cross-tabulation approaches. Overall accuracy ranged from 51. 7% to 89.4%, depending on level of generalization, while accuracy figures for individual alliance classes varied by area covered and level of sampling.<br/> Key Words: natural vegetation, hybrid, Anderson level I, formation, alliance.