A Pathophysiological Perspective on COVID-19's Lethal Complication: From Viremia to Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis-like Immune Dysregulation

Marcos A. Sanchez-Gonzalez,Dave Moskowitz,Priya D. Issuree,George Yatzkan,Syed A. A. Rizvi,Kenneth Day 대한감염학회 2020 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.52 No.3

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the coronavirus responsible for our recent coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, is driving a lung immunopathology that strongly resembles a severe form of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). A review of recent Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and SARS-CoV-2 medical reports, as well as described characteristics of HP, lead us to postulate a theory for SARS-CoV-2 severe disease. We propose that the novel SARS-CoV-2 can act as a trigger and substrate of an HP-like severe immune reaction especially in genetically vulnerable individuals in addition to those with immune senescence and dysregulation. Accordingly, the purpose of our letter is to shift the emphasis of concern surrounding immune activity from viral infection to an HP-like severe immune reaction. We review similarities in disease presentation between infection and allergy, relevant immunopathology, and outline phases of SARS-CoV-2 disease with perspectives on therapy and critical care. Altogether, the favored course is to begin treatments that address the disease at the earliest phase before immune dysregulation leading to uncontrolled pulmonary inflammation.

Overview on Ceramic and Nanostructured Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) Working at Different Temperatures

Priya, S. Dharani,Selvakumar, A. Immanuel,Nesaraj, A. Samson The Korean Electrochemical Society 2020 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.11 No.2

The article provides information on ceramic / nanostructured materials which are suitable for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) working between 500 to 1000℃. However, low temperature solid oxide fuel cells LTSOFCs working at less than 600℃ are being developed now-a-days with suitable new materials and are globally explored as the "future energy conversion devices". The LTSOFCs device has emerged as a novel technology especially for stationary power generation, portable and transportation applications. Operating SOFC at low temperature (i.e. < 600℃) with higher efficiency is a bigger challenge for the scientific community since in low temperature regions, the efficiency might be less and the components might have exhibited lower catalytic activity which may result in poor cell performance. Employing new and novel nanoscale ceramic materials and composites may improve the SOFC performance at low temperature ranges is most focused now-a-days. This review article focuses on the overview of various ceramic and nanostructured materials and components applicable for SOFC devices reported by different researchers across the globe. More importance is given for the nanostructured materials and components developed for LTSOFC technology so far.

An Analytic solution for the Hadoop Configuration Combinatorial Puzzle based on General Factorial Design

R. Sathia Priya,A. John Prakash,V.Rhymend Uthariaraj 한국인터넷정보학회 2022 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.16 No.11

Big data analytics offers endless opportunities for operational enhancement by extracting valuable insights from complex voluminous data. Hadoop is a comprehensive technological suite which offers solutions for the large scale storage and computing needs of Big data. The performance of Hadoop is closely tied with its configuration settings which depends on the cluster capacity and the application profile. Since Hadoop has over 190 configuration parameters, tuning them to gain optimal application performance is a daunting challenge. Our approach is to extract a subset of impactful parameters from which the performance enhancing sub-optimal configuration is then narrowed down. This paper presents a statistical model to analyze the significance of the effect of Hadoop parameters on a variety of performance metrics. Our model decomposes the total observed performance variation and ascribes them to the main parameters, their interaction effects and noise factors. The method clearly segregates impactful parameters from the rest. The configuration setting determined by our methodology has reduced the Job completion time by 22%, resource utilization in terms of memory and CPU by 15% and 12% respectively, the number of killed Maps by 50% and Disk spillage by 23%. The proposed technique can be leveraged to ease the configuration tuning task of any Hadoop cluster despite the differences in the underlying infrastructure and the application running on it.

Interactive effects of elevated CO2 with combined heat and drought stresses on the physiology and yield of C3 and C4 plants

Vijayalakshmi D.,Priya J. Ranjani,Vinitha A.,Ramya G. 한국작물학회 2024 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.27 No.1

Increase in carbon-dioxide (CO2) concentration along with increase in temperature and drought has significant impact on the crop production. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the individual and interactive effects of elevated CO2 (800 ppm), drought (50% field capacity) and heat (40 °C) on gas exchange parameters, membrane integrity, reproductive physiology and yield of two C3 (Rice, Green gram) and two C4 (Maize, Ragi) crop species. Stress treatments, viz., T1: a [CO2] + a T + irrigation (100%), T2: a [CO2] + a T + irrigation (50%), T3: a [CO2] + e T (40 °C) + irrigation (100%), T4: e [CO2] – 800 ppm + a T + irrigation (100%), T5: a [CO2] + combined stress [e T (40 °C) + irrigation (50%) T6: e [CO2] – 800 ppm + combined stress [e T (40 °C) + irrigation (50%)] were given for 21 days from initiation of flowering. Drought and heat increased stomatal frequency and reduced stomatal area. CO2 enrichment decreased stomatal frequency with greater photosynthetic rate (13.65%) in green gram and rice (10.91%) coupled with reduced transpiration rates. Stresses led to increased malondialdehyde contents. Higher CO2 environments improved pollen viability and pollen germination. Percent increase in yield of rice (15.34) and green gram (16.58) was higher than maize (6.52) and ragi (6.01) with enriched CO2

Weibull distribution based constitutive model for nonlinear analysis of RC beams

A. Rama Chandra Murthy,D. Shanmuga Priya 국제구조공학회 2017 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.61 No.4

Reinforced concrete is a complex material to be modeled in finite element domain. A proper material model is necessary to represent the nonlinear behaviour accurately. Though the nonlinear analysis of RC structures evolved long back, still an accurate and reliable model to predict the realistic behaviour of components are limited. It is observed from literature that there are three well-known models to represent the nonlinear behaviour of concrete. These models include Chu model (1985), Hsu model (1994) and Saenz model (1964).A new stress-strain model based on Weibull distribution has been proposed in the present study. The objective of the present study is to analyze a reinforced concrete beam under flexural loading by employing all the models. Nonlinear behaviour of concrete is considered in terms of stress vs. strain, damage parameter, tension stiffening behaviour etc. The ductility of the RC beams is computed by using deflection based and energy based concepts. Both deflection ductility and energy based ductility is compared and energy based concept is found to be in good correlation with the experiments conducted. The behavior of RC beam predicted using ABAQUS has been compared with the corresponding experimental observations. Comparison between numerical and experimental results confirms that these four constitutive models are reliable in predicting the behaviour of RC structures and any of the models can be employed for analysis.

Intrusion Detection using Attribute Subset Selector Bagging (ASUB) to Handle Imbalance and Noise

Priya, A.Sagaya,Kumar, S.Britto Ramesh International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.5

Network intrusion detection is becoming an increasing necessity for both organizations and individuals alike. Detecting intrusions is one of the major components that aims to prevent information compromise. Automated systems have been put to use due to the voluminous nature of the domain. The major challenge for automated models is the noise and data imbalance components contained in the network transactions. This work proposes an ensemble model, Attribute Subset Selector Bagging (ASUB) that can be used to effectively handle noise and data imbalance. The proposed model performs attribute subset based bag creation, leading to reduction of the influence of the noise factor. The constructed bagging model is heterogeneous in nature, hence leading to effective imbalance handling. Experiments were conducted on the standard intrusion detection datasets KDD CUP 99, Koyoto 2006 and NSL KDD. Results show effective performances, showing the high performance of the model.

Investigation of some Natural Product Extracts as Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in Acid Medium

( A. Subramania ),( A. R. Sathiya Priya ),( S. Saravanan ),( A. J. Abdul Nasser ),( T. Vasudevan ) 한국부식방식학회(구 한국부식학회) 2005 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.4 No.6

Effect of Dietary Lipid Sources on Growth, Enzyme Activities and Immuno-hematological Parameters in Catla catla Fingerlings

Priya, K.,Pal, A.K.,Sahu, N.P.,Mukherjee, S.C. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.11

Ninety advanced Catla catla fingerlings (av. wt. 16 g) were randomly distributed in six treatment groups with three replicates each for an experimental period of 60 days to study the effect of dietary lipid source on growth, enzyme activities and immuno-hematological parameters. Six isoprotein (40.0-41.9%) and isocaloric (4,260 kcal $kg^{-1}$) semi-purified diets were prepared with varying levels of soybean oil (SBO) and cod liver oil (CLO) within a total of 8% lipid viz., $D_1$ (Control), $D_2$ (8% SBO), $D_3$ (6% SBO and 2% CLO), $D_4$ (4% SBO and 4% CLO), $D_5$ (2% SBO and 6% CLO) and $D_6$ (8% CLO). Highest SGR was noted in $D_5$ (0.73${\pm}$0.03) group, which was similar with $D_3$ (0.71${\pm}$0.02) and $D_4$ (0.69${\pm}$0.01) groups. Activity of intestinal lipase, hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) of the lipid treatment groups were significantly higher (p<0.05) than the control group. The respiratory burst activity of the phagocytes (Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT)) was highest in $D_2$ (1.95${\pm}$0.21) followed by $D_3$ (1.19${\pm}$0.15) group, which were significantly (p<0.05) higher than the other groups. Globulin level was significantly higher in $D_3$ (1.29${\pm}$0.08) than in the other groups expect $D_4$. Hemoglobin content and total erythrocyte count did not show any significant difference. From this study, it is concluded that a diet containing 6% soybean oil and 2% cod liver oil ($D_3$) yields higher growth and immune response in Catla catla fingerlings and would be cost effective.

Multi‑State Reconfgurable Antenna for Wireless Communications

A. Priya,S. Kaja Mohideen,Manavalan Saravanan 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.1

A compact frequency and polarization reconfgurable antenna is presented. The antenna comprises of a truncated corner square patch along with two strip lines running parallel to it. The entire model is fabricated on single layer roger RO 4350 substrate. Pin diodes are used for switching frequency and polarization states. Two ports are used for switching polarization states. The antenna can achieve two frequency bands and four polarization states. The antenna model is fabricated and the measured results are compared with simulated results. The antenna achieves −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 100 MHz for LP state and 50 MHz for CP state and also the antenna attains good cross-polarization isolation of>15 dB in all states. The antenna gives a maximum measured gain of 5.48 dBi for linear polarization (LP) state and 4.82 dBi for circular polarization (CP) state.

Unraveling the Role of Monoolein in Fluidity and Dynamical Response of a Mixed Cationic Lipid Bilayer

Singh, Priya,Sharma, Veerendra Kumar,Singha, Subhankar,Garcí,a Sakai, Victoria,Mukhopadhyay, Ramaprosad,Das, Ranjan,Pal, Samir Kumar American Chemical Society 2019 Langmuir Vol.35 No.13

<P>The maintenance of cell membrane fluidity is of critical importance for various cellular functions. At lower temperatures when membrane fluidity decreases, plants and cyanobacteria react by introducing unsaturation in the lipids, so that the membranes return to a more fluidic state. To probe how introduction of unsaturation leads to reduced membrane fluidity, a model cationic lipid dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB) has been chosen, and the effects of an unsaturated lipid monoolein (MO) on the structural dynamics and phase behavior of DODAB have been monitored by quasielastic neutron scattering and time-resolved fluorescence measurements. In the coagel phase, fluidity of the lipid bilayer increases significantly in the presence of MO relative to pure DODAB vesicles and becomes manifest in significantly enhanced dynamics of the constituent lipids along with faster hydration and orientational relaxation dynamics of a fluorophore. On the contrary, MO restricts both lateral and internal motions of the lipid molecules in the fluid phase (>330 K), which is consistent with relatively slow hydration and orientational relaxation dynamics of the fluorophore embedded in the mixed lipid bilayer. The present study illustrates how incorporation of an unsaturated lipid at lower temperatures (below the phase transition) assists the model lipid (DODAB) in regulating fluidity via enhancement of dynamics of the constituent lipids.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>