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Highly Sweet Compounds from North and South American Medicinal Plants
A. Douglas Kinghorn 한국생약학회 1991 생약학회지 Vol.22 No.1
Nearly 50 highly sweet substances have been isolated and structurally characterized from green plants, and such compounds comprise mainly various types of terpenoids, flavonoids, and proteins. Among the sweet substances that have been studied as constituents of North and South American medicinal plants are the sesquiterpene, hernandulcin, the triterpene glycosides, abrusosides A-D, the steroidal saponins, polypodosides A and B, and the dihydroflavonol, dihydroquercetin-3-acetate. In addition, safety studies have been performed on the potently sweet substance, stevioside, from the sweet herb of Paraguay (Stevia rebaudiana), a compound now produced on a commercial scale.
New bioactive aromatic compounds from Vismia guianensis
Seo, Eun-Kyoung,Wani, Mansukh C.,Wall, Monroe E.,Navarro, Hernan,Mukherjee, Rabindranath,Farnsworth, Norman R.,Kinghorn, A. Douglas 梨花女子大學校 藥學硏究所 2000 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.9
Five benzophenones, vismiaguianones A-E, and two benzocoumarins, vismiaguianins A and B were isolated from the CHCl_3 extract of the roots of Vismia guianensis by bioassay-directcd fractionation using the DNA strand-scission assay and KB cell line. Of the isolates obtained, vismiaguianone B exhibited DNA strand-scission activity, whereas vismiaguianones D and E and vismiaguianin A were found to be significantly cytotoxic.
Discovery of Novel Drug Candidates from Plants
Kinghorn, A . Douglas,Seo, Eun Kyoung,Lee, Ik Soo 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 1996 약품개발연구지 Vol.4 No.1
This review provides a summary of some recent additions to the drugs that are derived from higher plants used clinically in North America and Europe, either in the form of pure entities or as extractives. Although the majority of the promising new drugs based on plant secondary metabolites mentioned are anticancer agents, as exemplified by vinorelbine and paclitaxel, derivatives of the antimalarial agent, artemisinin, and of the adenylate cyclase activator, forskolin, also offer considerable clinical promise. A major phytomedicine presently used in Europe is a standardized extract of Gingko biloba leaves, employed to treat cerebral insufficiency and other circulatory conditions. The senior author and his colleagues at the University of Illinois at Chicago have had a long-standing interest in the discovery of novel bioactive compounds from higher plants, of possible use as lead compounds for new drugs and food additives. Recent progress made in elucidating bioactive compounds from three research projects, directed towards the discovery of natural product anticancer substances, cancer chemopreventive agents, and noncariogenic sweeteners, respectively, will be briefly described.
5-(4-Hydroxyphenethenyl)-4,7-dime-thoxycoumarin, a New Constituent of Monotes engleri
Seo, Eun-Kyoung,Chai, Hee-Byung,Chagwedera, Tangai E.,Farnsworth, Norman R.,Cordell, Geoffrey A.,Pezzuto, John M.,Kinghorn, A. Douglas 梨花女子大學校 藥學硏究所 2000 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.9
A new coumarin, 5-(4-hydroxyphenethenyl)-4,7-dimethoxycoumarin (1) was isolated from the combined ethyl acetate extracts of the root bark, root wood and stem bark of Monotes engleri, and found to be cytotoxic against two cell lines in a human tumor panel. Its structure was determined on the basis of spectroscopic methods.
Highly Sweet Compounds of Plant Origin
Kim, Nam-Cheol,Kinghorn, A.-Douglas The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2002 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.25 No.6
The demand for new alternative "low calorie" sweeteners for dietetic and diabetic purposes has increased worldwide. Although the currently developed and commercially used highly sweet sucrose substitutes are mostly synthetic compounds, the search for such compounds from natural sources is continuing. As of mid-2002, over 100 plant-derived sweet compounds of 20 major structural types had been reported, and were isolated from more than 25 different families of green plants. Several of these highly sweet natural products are marketed as sweeteners or flavoring agents in some countries as pure compounds, compound mixtures, or refined extracts. These highly sweet natural substances are reviewed herein.
Plant-derived triterpenoid sweetness inhibitors
SuttisriIk, Rutt,Lee, Ik-Soo,Kinghorn, A . Douglas 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 1996 약품개발연구지 Vol.4 No.1
Considerable recent attention has been focused on naturally occurring compounds with taste-modifying activity, which are of potential use in both dietary sweetness management and in gaining a better understanding of the sweet taste sensation. This review summarizes information on the phytochemistry and biological activity of more than 40 triterpenoid sweetness inhibitors that have been isolated from the leaves of three medicinal plants, namely, Gymnema sylvestre R.Br. (Asclepiadacese), Ziziphus jujuba P. Miller (Rhamnaceae), and Hovenia dulcis Thunb. (Rhamnaceae).
Phenolic compounds from the leaves of Cornus controversa
Lee, Dongho,Kang, Shin-Jung,Lee, Seung-Ho,Ro, Jaiseup,Lee, Kyongsoon,Kinghorn, A.Douglas 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2000 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.10 No.-
Two novel phenolie compounds from the leaves of Cornus controversa(Cornaceae) were characterized as (-)-2.3-digalloyl-4-(E)-caffeoyl-L-threonic acid and (-)-2-galloyl-4-(E)-caffeoyl-L-threonic acid, using spectroscopic methods. ⓒ 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.