구리 전착층에 미치는 콜로이달실리카 및 음극 Pre-Coating의 영향

이상백,윤정모,박형호,배인성,김병일,Lee, Sang-Baek,Yun, Jeong-Mo,Park, Hyeong-Ho,Bae, In-Seong,Kim, Byeong-Il 한국재료학회 2001 한국재료학회지 Vol.11 No.7

The crystal structure, surface morphology and preferred orientation of the copper electrodeposit were investigated by the using sulfate bath with $SiO_2$suspensions and the cathode substrate Au sputtered. As by the addition of colloidal silica in copper electrolytic bath and Au pre-coating on substrate, the crystal particles of deposits was fined-down, made uniform and the account of particles were increased. Hardness of copper electrodeposits with colloidal silica increased about 15% in comparison with that of pure copper deposit film and (111), (200) and (311) plane of X-ray diffraction patterns were almost swept away, so preferred orientation of the copper deposits changed from (111) to (110) plane by codeposit $SiO_2$ and precoating the substrate. 황산구리 전해욕에 분산제인 콜로이달 실리카($SiO_2$현탁액)를 첨가시키는 분산도금의 방법과 Au pre-coating을 이용하여 음극에 석출하는 전해 석출물의 결정구조, 표면형상, 결정방향 등의 변화를 검토하였다. 실리카 분산 및 Au pre-coating에 의하여 전해 석출피막의 결정입자가 미세화 되고, 균일하게 성장됨은 물론, 결정 수가 증가하였다. 콜로이달 실리카의 분산 효과에 의해서 전해 석출피막의 경도가 대략 15%까지 상승하였다. 또한 콜로이달 실리카를 분산시킨 구리 전착층의 X-선 회절패턴이 (111)면, (200)면과 (311)면이 거의 소멸되어 우선 방위가 (111)에서 (110)면으로 변화되었다.

황산구리 전해욕의 전착피막에 미치는 콜로이달실리카의 영향

이상백,김병일,윤정모,박정현,Lee, Sang-Baek,Kim, Byeong-Il,Yun, Jeong-Mo,Park, Jeong-Hyeon 한국재료학회 2001 한국재료학회지 Vol.11 No.5

황산구리 전해욕에 분산제인 콜리이달 실리카($SiO_2$현탁액)를 첨가시키는 분산도금의 방법을 이용하여 음극에 석출하는 전해 석출물의 결정구조, 표면형상, 결정방향 등의 변화를 검토하였고 내식성, 물리적 특성 또한 조사하였다. 콜로이달 실리카를 분산시킨 구리 전해욕의 석출피막의 특성에 대해서 조사한 결과, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 전해 석출피막의 결정입자가 미세화 되고, 균일하게 성장됨은 물론, 결정 수가 증가하였으며, 콜로이달 실리카의 분산 효과에 의해서 전해 석출피막의 경도가 대략 16%까지 상승하였다. 또한 콜로이달 실리카를 분산시킨 극리 전착층의 X-선 회절패턴이 (111)면, (200)면과 (311)면이 거의 소멸되어 우선 방위가 (111)에서 (110)면으로 변화되었다. 부식전위의 측면에서도 콜로이달 실리카의 흡착 효과에 의해서 구리 전착층의 전위가 귀하게 이동하는 효과를 얻을 수 있었다. We investigated change of crystal structure, surface morphology and crystal orientation of the electrodeposited film from dispersed $SiO_2$ suspensions (colloidal silica) copper sulfate bath and arse corrosion potentials and physical specific properties. As addition of colloidal silica in copper electrolytic hath, the crystal Particles on filial was fined-down, made uniform and account of particles were increased. Hardness of copper electrodeposited film ascended about 15% and (111), (200) and (311) plane of X-ray diffraction patterns were almost swept away, so preferred orientation chanced from (111) to (110) plane. Also, corrosion potential of electrodeposited copper film was noble with colloidal silica addition.

와트 Ni 도금욕에서 도금 피막에 미치는 Al, Al₂O₃ 분산제 및 열처리의 영향

이상백,박형호,배인성,윤재식,김병일,Lee, Sang-Baek,Park, Hyeong-Ho,Bae, In-Seong,Yun, Jae-Sik,Kim, Byeong-Il 한국재료학회 2002 한국재료학회지 Vol.12 No.2

The co-deposited behavior was investigated under varied bath compositions and current densities from Watt Ni plating bath containing Al and A1$_2$O$_3$powders. For single-particle bath, Al and A1$_2$O$_3$particles were agglomerated. The area percentage of A1$_2$O$_3$on plating surface decreased with increasing the current density, while that of Al on plating surface increased. On the other hand, in case of double-particle bath with 1.25g/$\ell$ of Al and 5.0g/$\ell$ of A1$_2$O$_3$5g, the area percentage of Ni-Al-A1$_2$O$_3$increased with increasing current density and the surface morphology was fine without agglomeration. Intermetallic compounds such as $\gamma$'and $\gamma$+$\gamma$' phases appeared when the co-deposited film was annealed.

폴리아닐린과 첨가제에 따른 아연전기도금층의 표면 외관 특성

이상백,박형호,배인성,윤재식,김병일,Lee, Sang-Baek,Park, Hyeong-Ho,Bae, In-Seong,Yun, Jae-Sik,Kim, Byeong-Il 한국재료학회 2002 한국재료학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Effect of polyaniline and additives on surface appearance of Zn electrodeposition was investigated by SEM and XRD analyzing. We carried out the experiment from sulfate Zinc bath containing sulfonated polyaniline, gelatin and thiourea by EG(Electrogalvanizing) simulator. Addition of polyaniline and gelatin in bath, crystal size and shape of hexagonal plane of Zn crystal reduced. Mixing of thiourea, however, brittle deposits were observed because of the difference between vertical growth and parallel growth. (1011) peak appeared with polyaniline and gelatin in XRD analysis. In case of mixing of polyaniline, gelatin and thiourea, (1011) peak appeared and intensity of Zn basal plane decreased. These results suggested that overpotential increased with addition of polyaniline and additives In bath.

입원한 남성과 여성 알코올 의존 환자간의 임상적 특징 및 기질 성격 특성의 차이

이상백(Sang Baek Lee),이정식(Jung Sik Lee),송진우(Jin Woo Song),강상범(Sang Bum Kang),김응조(Eung Jo Kim),홍계현(Kye Hyun Hong),조성민(Sung Min Cho),이석진(Suk-Jin Lee),장순우(Soon Woo Chang) 한국중독정신의학회 2010 중독정신의학 Vol.14 No.1

Objective:Although researchers have performed many stu-dies attempting to understand alcoholics’ characteristics, few have conducted direct comparative studies between male and female alcoholics. This study examined the differences in Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) scores and in clinical characteristics between male and female alcoholics, to discern new treatment possibilities for both groups. Method:Study participants were 55 male and 49 female patients with alcohol dependence. We obtained their demographic data and TCI scores. Additionally, we identified each group’s clinical characteristics from information on their drinking habits and suicidality histories and from the results of administering the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI), the Acute Physiological and Psychological Response after Drinking, and the Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (MAST-K) to them. Results:Female patients had higher scores on Harm-Avoidance (HA) and lower scores on Reward-Dependence (RD) and Cooperative (CO) as compared to male patients. Male alcoholics had earlier ages of drinking onset and higher scores on Anger Control. Female alcoholics tended to have more suicidal thoughts and attempts. In the presence of a positive familial history, female alcoholics had higher scores on Spontaneous Aggression and lower scores on Novelty-Seeking (NS) and Reward-Dependence (RD) than did male alcoholics. Conclusion:These results suggest that male alcoholics tend to have more biological traits than female patients have and that female patients have more Editor’s note re highlight: Please clarify. Some information seems to be missing here. psychological problems than male patients have. These differences between male and female alcoholics should be incorporated into treatment processes for patients with alcohol dependence.

건설 환경에서의 작업자 위험 탐지를 위한 영상 기반 학습데이터 구축 방안 연구

이상백(Sang-Baek Lee),이규철(Kyu-Chul Lee) 대한전자공학회 2022 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.6

여성 알코올 의존 입원환자의 음주 양상 및 기질 성격 특성

이상백(Sang-Baek Lee),이정식(Jung-Sik Lee),송진우(Jin-Woo Song),강상범(Sang-Bum Kang),김응조(Eung-Jo Kim),홍계현(Kye-Hyun Hong),조성민(Sung-Min Cho),이석진(Suk-Jin Lee),장순우(Soon-Woo Chang) 한국중독정신의학회 2009 중독정신의학 Vol.13 No.1

Objective:This study examined the temperament and character inventory (TCI) scores as well as demographic and clinical data of female alcoholic patients, in order to discern new treatment possibilities for them. Methods:Forty-three female patients with alcohol dependence and thirty-two female social drinkers were included in this study. Female patients were divided into subgroups with positive and negative family histories. The presence or absence of drinking problems in the hus-band was also recorded. The demographic data and the TCI scores of groups were obtained. The clinical characteristics of each group were identified by obtaining information about drinking habits and childhood victimization histories, and by administer-ing the Beck Depression Inventory (K-BDI), State-trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI), Acute Physiological and Psychological Response after Drinking, and the Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (MAST-K). Results:Higher scores of Self-Transcendence (ST) and lower scores of Self-Directedness (SD) were shown in female patients compared to normal controls. Female alcoholics had higher scores on the BDI and STAI, and tended to have more suicidal thoughts and attempts. They also showed higher rates of childhood victimization experiences such as physical abuse. Conclusion:TCI profiles of the female alcoholic patients compared with normal healthy subjects reflected common comorbid psychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety disorder, and personality dis-order. The evaluation of childhood traumatic experience and suicidal risk should be included in the treatment process for fe-male alcoholics.

전문용어 정제를 위한 형태소 분석을 이용한 한의학 증상 진단 시스템 개발

이상백(Sang-Baek Lee),손윤희(Yun-Hee Son),장현철(Hyun-Chul Jang),이규철(Kyu-Chul Lee) 한국정보과학회 2016 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지 Vol.22 No.2

증상 진단 시스템이라 함은 환자가 자신의 증상을 설명하고, 한의사가 증상에 맞는 질병 진단을 내리는 것을 말한다. 증상 진단 시스템을 자동화하기 위해서는 환자의 자연어로 이루어진 증상 설명에 대한 분석이 필요하다. 이에 본 논문에서는 증상 설명에 대하여 형태소 분석을 수행하고 한의학 병증 데이터와 비교하여 적합한 진단을 내리도록 증상 진단 시스템을 개발하였다. 증상 진단 검색의 효율을 높이기 위해서 Document형 NoSQL인 MongoDB를 이용하여 각각의 병증 데이터를 하나의 도큐먼트로 하고, 그 안의 필드값을 유연하게 관리할 수 있도록 데이터베이스를 구축하였다. 또한, 진단의 근거가 되는 한의사의 병증 설명과 환자의 증상 설명에서 사용되는 용어의 차이를 줄일 수 있도록 환자의 증상 설명을 축적하고 정제하여 일반인에게 친숙한 단어로 구성된 설명데이터를 제공할 수 있게 하였다. This paper presents the development of the Korean medicine symptom diagnosis system. In the Korean medicine symptom diagnosis system, the patient explains their symptoms and an oriental doctor makes a diagnosis based on the symptoms. Natural language processing is required to make a diagnosis automatically through the patients’ reports of symptoms. We use morphological analysis to get understandable information from the natural language itself. We developed a diagnosis system that consists of NoSQL document-oriented databases-MongoDB. NoSQL has better performance at unstructured and semi-structured data, rather than using Relational Databases. We collect patient symptom reports in MongoDB to refine difficult medical terminology and provide understandable terminology to patients.

이미지 이어붙이기를 이용한 인간-객체 상호작용 탐지 데이터 증강

이상백 ( Sang-baek Lee ),이규철 ( Kyu-chul Lee ) 한국정보처리학회 2023 정보처리학회논문지. 소프트웨어 및 데이터 공학 Vol.12 No.2

인간-객체 상호작용 탐지는 객체 탐지와 상호작용 인식을 함께 풀어야하는 분야로 탐지 모델의 학습을 위해서 많은 데이터를 필요로 한다. 현재 공개된 데이터셋은 규모가 부족하여 데이터 증강 기법에 대한 요구가 커지고 있으나, 대부분의 연구에서 기존의 객체 탐지, 이미지 분할분야에서 활용하는 증강 기법을 활용하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 인간-객체 상호작용 탐지 분야에서 활용하는 데이터셋의 특성을 파악하고, 이를 통해 인간-객체 상호작용 탐지 모델 성능 향상에 효과적인 데이터 증강 기법을 제안한다. 본 연구에서 제안한 증강 기법에 대한 검증을 위하여 실험 환경을 구축하고, 기존의 학습 모델에 적용하여 증강 기법을 적용할 경우에 탐지 모델의 성능 향상이 가능함을 확인하였다. Human-object interaction(HOI) detection requires both object detection and interaction recognition, and requires a large amount of data to learn a detection model. Current opened dataset is insufficient in scale for training model enough. In this paper, we propose an easy and effective data augmentation method called Simple Quattro Augmentation(SQA) and Random Quattro Augmentation(RQA) for human-object interaction detection. We show that our proposed method can be easily integrated into State-of-the-Art HOI detection models with HICO-DET dataset.

플라즈마/촉매 공정을 이용한 n-헵테인과 일산화탄소 동시제거

이상백(Sang Baek Lee),조진오(Jin Oh Jo),목영선(Young Sun Mok) 한국가스학회 2016 한국가스학회지 Vol.20 No.2

본 연구는 플라즈마/촉매 공정을 이용하여 n-헵테인과 일산화탄소의 동시제거에 대해 조사하였다. n-헵테인과 일산화탄소의 분해특성을 파악하기 위해 플라즈마/촉매 공정과 촉매공정의 분해효율을 비교하였고, 촉매의 종류, 온도, 전력 등을 변화시켜 실험을 진행하였다. n-헵테인의 분해효율은 반응기 내부의 온도보다는 에너지밀도에 더 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 확인되었으며, 일산화탄소는 에너지밀도와 반응기 내부 온도 모두의 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 촉매의 종류를 달리하며 n-헵테인의 분해효율을 조사한 결과 Pd/γ-Al₂O₃ > Ru/γ-Al₂O₃ ≈Ag/γ-Al₂O₃순으로 나타났다. 특히, Pd/γ-Al₂O₃를 사용한 경우 n-헵테인 분해 과정에서 일산화탄소가 거의 발생하지 않았으며, CO₂ 선택도가 100%에 가까웠다. 일산화탄소 분해효율은 Pd/γ-Al₂O₃ > Ru/γ-Al₂O₃> Ag/γ-Al₂O₃ 순으로 나타났으며, 180℃이하의 온도에서는 플라즈마/촉매 공정의 효율이 높고, 180℃이상에서는 촉매 공정의 분해효율이 높았다. Combined removal of n-heptane and carbon monoxide (CO) using a plasma-catalytic process was investigated. The performance of the plasma-catalytic process was compared with that of the catalyst-alone process to characterize the decomposition of n-heptane and CO with the operation parameters such as the type of catalyst, reaction temperature, and discharge power. From several sets of experiments, it was found that the decomposition efficiency of n-heptane mainly depended on the specific input energy rather than the reactor temperature, whereas the oxidation of CO on both the energy density and the reaction temperature. The results conducted over several metal oxide catalysts exhibited that the decomposition efficiency of n-heptane was in the order: Pd/γ-Al₂O₃ > Ru/γ-Al₂O₃ ≈ Ag/γ-Al₂O₃. Especially, Pd/γ -Al₂O₃ catalyst did hardly generate CO as a byproduct during the decomposition of n-heptane under an appropriate condition, revealing CO₂ selectivity of nearly 100%. The CO oxidation efficiency was largely affected by the type of catalyst (Pd/γ-Al₂O₃ > Ru/γ-Al₂O₃ > Ag/γ-Al₂O₃). At temperatures below 180℃, the plasma-catalytic process was more effective in the oxidation of CO, while above 180℃, the catalytic process resulted in slightly higher CO oxidation efficiency.