경북 영해(寧海) 옥천재사(玉川齋舍)의 건축 특성 및 영향

유기원,Ryu, Kee-Weon 한국주거학회 2012 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.23 No.2

This study aims to examine the transitional process and its effect of Okcheon Jaesa in Yeonghae, Kyoungbook province. Through various bibliographies and Jaesil building in Yeonghae area, the results of this study are as follows: 1) Okcheon Jaesa was established in early 17th century at latest, since then it had been relocated several times. And it was estimated that it was relocated finally to its current location in 1725. 2) Hwasooroo was constructed in 1753, but it was destroyed by a fire in 1811. It is estimated that it was restored next year and remained so far. 3) The closed feeling of space of courtyard in Okcheon Jaesa is estimated as a result of replacing existing lecture hall into the lecture hall with elevated pavilion. 4) Andong-Kweon family affected on building of jaesil each other among their families through mutual exchange and competition. It is estimated to be the influence of Jipheeam of Mooan-Park family that Okcheon Jaesa was changed to Jaesil with elevated pavilion. Since then, Jaesil with elevated pavilion is estimated to have had effect on building Jaesil with low-columned elevated pavilion in Yeonghae area.

황연(黃連) 및 건강(乾薑)이 위액분비(胃液分泌).장관운동(腸管運動) 심장박동(心臟搏動)에 미치는 영향(影響)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

유기원,박동원,류봉하,곽기환,Yu, Gi-Won,Park, Dong-Won,Ryu, Bong-Ha,Gwak, Gi-Hwan 대한한방내과학회 1986 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.3 No.1

As a result of administration of Coptidis Rhizoma extract and Zingiberis Rhizoma extract to Rat and Rabbit, its effect to the Gastric Juice Volume, Acidity, Pepsin out put of Rat and the movement of Intestine, Pulse Rate of Rabbit was as follows; 1. In the secretion of Gastric Juice, the Juice Volume in Coptidis Rhizoma administered group in contrast to Control Group, has increased in 30mg the increasing rate 21.4%, and has decreased in 300mg the decreasing rate 113.9%. But the Juice Volume in Zingiberis Rhizoma administered group has all decreased in 12, 30, 60, 120mg, and has remarkably decreased in 60mg the decreasing rate 62.9%. 2. The Gastric Acidity in Coptidis Rhizome administered group, in contrast to Control Group, has increased in 30, and 75mg, but no significant value, and has decreased in 300mg the decreasing rate 104.7%. But the Gastric Acidity in Zingiberis Rhizoma administered group has all decreased in 12, 30, 60 120mg, and has remarkably decreased in 60mg the decreasing rate 105.6%. 3. The Pepsin out-put in Coptids Rhizoma administered group, in contrast to Control group, has increased in 30mg the increasing rate 30.3%, and has decreased in 150, 300mg, no significant value. But the Pepsin out-put in Zingiberis Rhizoma administered group has all decreased in 12, 30, 60, 120mg, and has remarkably decreased in 60mg the decreasing rate 86.4%. 4. In the movement of Intestine, the contraction Coptidis Rhizoma administered group, in contrast before the administration, has increased in 12mg, but has begun to decrease in 30mg, and has remarkably decreased in 70mg. The contraction in Zingiberis Rhizoma administered group, in contrast before the administration, has all increased in 30, 60, 120mg. 5. In Pulse Rate, the pulsation, in contrast to Control group after 60, 120 180, 240min. has decreased in Coptidis Rhizoma administered group, and has increased in Zingiberis Rhizoma administered group, but no significant value.

경북 안동문화권 누(樓)재실의 건축적 특성

유기원,김성우,Ryu, Kee-Weon,Kim, Sung-Woo 한국건축역사학회 2007 건축역사연구 Vol.16 No.4

There are a few hundreds of Jaesil architectures in Andong area, Kyungbook Province. Among them, about 25 of them have elevated pavilion, while all the rest do not have. This paper focus on these jaesils with elevated pavilion, and tried to identify the different types among them, the background of the beginning of these jaesils, as well as eleveted pavilion. Five different types could be clarified, and they could be reinterpreted according to the background cause of the construction of these types. Three major background reasons for the construction of jaesils with elevated pavilion, seems to be: 1) necessity of such pavilion to be able to clomplete the system of Jaesil, 2) borrowing of temple structure where there is not large wooden floor, and 3) eclectic combination of pavilion and main hall (Gangdand 講堂). Such study helps us understand not only the jaesils with eleveted pavilion, but also the general jaesils without eleveted pavilion. The inclusion of eleveted pavilion has a lot to do with the symbolic expression of the family, use of large space for the family gathering, as well as the popular trends of pavilion architecture of the time.

삼현수간(三賢手簡)에 나타난 구봉(龜峰) 송익필(宋翼弼)의 서예미학(書藝美學)

유기원 ( Ryu Ki-won ) 한국동서철학회 2021 동서철학연구 Vol.- No.102

이 논문은 조선시대 서예의 흐름을 알아보고 『삼현수간』에 실린 송익필의 간찰을 1580년을 기준으로 전·후의 초서글씨를 분석하고, 송익필 서예에 영향을 미친 왕희지의 척독과 비교하여 송익필 초서의 서예미 특징을 고찰해 본다. 고려 말 조선 초에 유행한 연미한 조맹부 서풍을 극복하면서, 16세기 왕희지체를 통해 조선화 된 글씨를 추구한 사람이 바로 송익필이었다고 할 수 있다. 글씨에대한 입장을 예학과 심법을 중심으로 하는 도학연마와 실천이라고 생각한 만큼 송설체보다 왕희지의 전아(典雅)한 풍격을 선호했던 것이다. 조선의 예학을 세워 이후 사상계를 풍미한 예학의 선구자로서 서예 역시 마음의 표현이라는 관점에서 글씨를 씀에 있어 예학의 자세로 일관하였다고 보여 진다. 『삼현수간』에 실린 시대별 간찰을 통해 진서(眞書)를 바탕으로 쓰여진 초서의 장법이나 결구, 획이 유행에 따라 변하지 않았으며 엄정하고 기운비동한 서풍을 원숙한 필치로 완성한 모습을 볼 수 있다. 1560년대 기필부분이 무겁고 필속이 느리며 살찐 획들이 많았지만, 1599년의 노년기 글씨에서는 청아하며 중후한 장법으로 변화하였다. 송익필의 인생을 통해 완성된 초서의 획과 결구, 그리고 장법과 일부 간찰에서는 송익필의 마음이 글씨에 드러난 귀중한 글씨를 확인할 수 있다. 이러한 송익필 서체가 후학들에게 남긴 영향을 확인하기 위해 왕희지의 척독 2종과 비교하여, 골기있는 획과 엄정한 결구, 기운비동(氣韻飛動)한 장법이 공통적인 부분으로 나타났으나, 송익필은 왕희지의 글씨를 그대로 답습한 것이 아닌 송익필 특유의 독자적인 서풍을 형성한 것을 확인하였다. 이후 기년작이 발견될 때까지 송익필의 서예는 ‘도학자 글씨의 전형’이라는 측면에서 제자의 글씨에 미친 영향이라는 주제를 연구해 볼 가치가 있을 것으로 사료된다. This thesis examines the characteristics of cursive writing through Song Ik-pil's interrogation in 『Three Wise Men's Letters』 from the perspectives of writing that Song Ik-pil held before and after 1580. It then compares it with the writings of Wang Hee-ji, who influenced the calligraphy of Song Ik-pil, and examine the origin of Song Ik-pil's calligraphy. Song Ik-pil was a person who pursued neat handwriting through Wang Hee-ji’s writing style in the 16th century, superseding the smoothness of the writing style of Jo Maeng-bu, which was popular until the late Goryeo and early Joseon Dynasty. Calligraphy is also based on the practice of Neo-Confucianism, focusing on politeness. He preferred the straight and elegant Wang Hee-ji handwriting rather than the Songseol font. Through the interrogation of 『Three Wise Men's Letters』, cursive writing did not follow the trends in writing rules, quilting, or stroke. It was rather comprised of a strict, straight and lively handwriting with mature brush strokes. In the 1560s, the beginning part of the characters was heavy, the speed of the brush was slow, and there were many thick strokes. However, in the old handwriting of 1599, it changed to a clear, strong and heavy handwriting. Through the life of Song Ik-pil, you can see the valuable cursive writing of strokes and patterns, which reveals Song Ik-pil's heart in the writing of various characters. In order to confirm which writing influenced Song Ik-pil's writing, a comparison is made with the four types of Wang Hee-ji's characters, and a strong, upright and energetic overall appearance was found as a common part. However, Song Ik-pil did not just copy Wang Hee-ji's handwriting itself. It was confirmed that Song Ik-pil's own unique handwriting style was created. Until a definite work of Song Ik-pil is found, his calligraphy can be called ‘The Archetype of the Neo-Confucian’s Calligraphy’. Therefore, it would be worth studying the topic of ‘The Influence on the Writing of the Disciples from teachers’.

秋史의 書如其人的 書藝美 ‘三變’ 考察

유기원(Ryu, Ki-Won) 한국서예학회 2021 서예학연구 Vol.38 No.-

이 논문은 秋史의 심리변화를 중점으로 일생을 3단계로 나누어 三變(有法­脫法­至法)의 과정으로 書如其人的 書藝美에 대해 고찰한다. 먼저 有法시기는 청나라의 문물을 통해 높은 안목을 가지고 학문과 예술에 기반을 쌓아가며 자신감이 넘치지만, 한편으로 고지식한 심리를 보이는 장년기이다. 연경교류를 통해 익힌 고증학 연구 흔적의 임서나 창작 작품은 추사 장년의 有法의 ‘生’에서 博學篤志의 平正美를 확인할 수 있다. 이후 9년여 간의 유배시기는 유법에서 쌓아올린 법을 벗어나 추사예술세계를 꿰뚫는 脫法의 중년기이다. 사회적 지위 박탈과 온갖 풍상의 시련을 ‘熟’의 과정을 통해 예술로 승화시켰고, 그 동안 쌓아온 학문과 예술을 바탕으로 성령과 격조가 융합된 入古出我의 奇怪美를 함축한 예술세계를 형성한다. 유배이후 入古出我의 脫法을 통해 완성되는 至法의 시기를 맞이한다. 유배시기의 고통과 시련을 초월하여 자아성찰과 인생경험을 바탕으로 生­熟­生의 과정을 會通하여 다시 至法의 ‘生’의 단계에 이른다. 추사가 강조하는 법고창신에서 자신만의 脫法 예술세계를 만들어가며 無法이면서 有法인 至人의 완숙함과 담박함은 至法의 ‘生’으로 표현되는 人書俱老의 意境美를 성취한다. 入古出我의 철학을 바탕으로 예술세계를 구축하고 인생과 예술의 생­숙­생의 과정을 통해 발현된 書如其人의 추사예술세계는 至法의 ‘生’으로 표현되는 완숙한 예술의 경지를 이루었다고 할 수 있다. 이 논문은 추사의 심리변화를 유배시기를 기준으로 이전과 이후로 나누어 生­熟­生의 三變, 즉 有法­脫法­至法을 기준으로 표현된 서예미에 대해 고찰하였다. This Study analyzes psychological changes by dividing the time of Chusa s exile into before, during, and after. The criteria were considered for the three stages of change in birth, maturity, and rebirth, which can be expressed as the calligraphy style based on the Way of Being or Doing, the Way Beyond Law, and the Way of Sublimity method. In the Way of Being or Doing period which is before Chusa’s exile, he developed the broad understanding through the culture of China. He confidently built up the foundational skills in academy and art. Exchanging the calligraphy philosophy with China, his calligraphy based on the study of archaeology, shows the beauty of composure that is to learn widely and to make things meaningfully in the Way of Being or Doing, birth. In the Way Beyond the Law period during Chusa’s exile, his social disfellowship and his suffering and ordeal were transcendentalize into art through the process of maturity. His calligraphy in this period in mature shows the acceptance of classic to draw yourself out and creates the art world in beauty. After exile period, called the way of sublimity period, his writing shows no law apparently but actually shows the complete law of one’s own. The complete maturity and unselfishness in his art world created by his complete law shows rebirth in the philosophy that “a person and one’s writing is aging together.” To sum up, it is the point that the change of mind is the change in calligraphy. Throughout the process of birth-maturation-rebirth in life and art, I can says he finally achieved a mature level of art through the rebirth of the way of sublimity.

경북 예천군 재실건축의 유형과 평면 특성

유기원(Ryu Kee-Weon),김성우(Kim Sung-Woo) 대한건축학회 2007 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.23 No.10

This thesis defines Jae-Sil(齋室) as a architecture composed of two main buildings, specifically Kang-Dang(講堂): a building used for the family who owns it and Ju-Sa(廚舍): a building for its keeper to reside. In this regard, the research tried to classify the types of 58 units of Jae-Sil being used for the memorial service for the family's ancestors, which is held in graveyard in Ye-Cheon(醴泉), Kyung-Buk(慶北) Province and also to analyze the characteristics of types of floor plans. Conclusion is as follows: Firstly, Jae-Sil in Ye-Cheon area are classified into three types: independent type(獨立型)(29%), separative type(分棟型)(51%), and compositive type(統合型)(20%). Secondly, independent type is possibly supposed to be built in early developing stage of Jae-Sil architecture appeared as Kang-Dang was added to Ju-Sa. Thirdly, separative type clearly shows its hierarchical, independent, and symbolic traits keeping its ‘一’ shaped Kang-Dang consistently like independent type, while the shape of Ju-Sa varies. At Fourth, compositive type keeps its floor plan of ‘一’ shaped Kang-Dang and combines the function of Kang-Dang and that of Ju-Sa. At fifth, three types of Jae-Sil mentioned above are generally put in order according to the scale of Kang-Dang as follows: separative type, compositive type, and independent type. At sixth, Ju-Sa is categorized into two types: residential type(住居型) and lodgeㆍservants' quarters type(門間棟·行廊棟型), having a variety of forms unlike Kang-Dang. Lastly, the deck of Kang-Dang in compositive type has intermediate features between that of ‘一’ shaped Kang-Dang and that of Ju-Sa. In addition, Jae-Sil of compositive type differs from symmetrical residence(對稱形 住居) in three aspects in the respect of floor plan.

성주향교(星州鄕校)의 창건과 변천 과정

유기원(Ryu, Kee-Weon) 대한건축학회 2012 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.28 No.1

The Hyanggyo in Seongju(星州鄕校), designated as Treasure No.1575, has a distinctive plan. The main shrine hall(大成殿, religious area) is located on the left(east) and the main lecture hall(明倫堂, studying area) is on the right(west). This type of the plan is shown in only a few cases, and is known as a style of late Joseon Dynasty. But this type of plan was already formed in the 16th century in the Hyanggyo in Seongju. That is the earliest example in the same type of plan. This study aims to examine the period of the establishment and transitional process of the Hyanggyo in Seongju through analysis of various bibliographies. The results of the study are as follows : 1. The Hyanggyo in Seongju enshrining clay figure(塑像), was established already in the late Goryeo Dynasty. This result was discovered by analyzing the changing process of systems of Confucian shrines from clay figure to spirit plate(木主) in the late Goryeo Dynasty and in the early Joseon Dynasty. 2. It is confirmed that the main shrine hall and elevated pavilion existed in the 15th century. At that time it is presumed that the courtyard was surrounded by 4 buildings, which are mixed style of religious and studying area, called Myohakdonggoong(廟學同宮). 3. In the 1560’s, the studying area was separated from the existing buildings by Hwang, Jun-Ryang(黃俊良). The current plan(left-shrine, right-lecture) was accomplished at that time. The reason of this change is supposed to apply the existing buildings and its location as it was, and to be influenced by the Hyanggyo in Punggi(豊基鄕校), which was relocated in 1543 by Joo, Se-Boong(周世鵬). 4. Most of buildings had been burned down by the fire during Japanese Invasion called Imjin War, since then many buildings were restored on the existing location in early 17th century except elevated pavilion, and remained so far.

원저 : 육군자탕 , 소시호탕 , 어성초의 담암생존기간연장효과와 면역방응에 관한 실험적 연구 ( Original Article : Experimental Studies on Extension of Survival Time for Tumor Bearing and Immunomodulatory Effects of Yukgunjatang , Sosihotang , and Hottunynia H

유봉하(Bong Ha Ryu),윤상협(Sang Hyub Yoon),박동원(Dong Won Park),임성우(Seong Woo Lim),유기원(Ki Won Ryu) 경희대학교 경희의료원 1991 慶熙醫學 Vol.7 No.3

소결온도와 Sr몰비에 따른 Mg$_{1-x}Sr_xTiO-3$ 세라믹스의 구조 및 마이크로파 유전특성

최의선,정장호,유기원,이영희,Choi, Eui-Sun,Chung, Jang-Ho,Ryu, Ki-Won,Lee, Young-Hie 대한전기학회 2001 전기학회논문지C Vol.49 No.5

The $Mg_{1-x}Sr_xTiO_3\;(x=0.02{\sim}0.08)$ ceramics were fabricated by the conventional mixed oxide method. The sintering temperature and time were $1250^{\circ}C{\sim}1350^{\circ}C$, 2hr., respectively. From the X-ray diffraction patterns, it was found that the perovskite $SrTiO_3$ and ilmenite $MgTiO_3$ structures were coexisted in the $Mg_{1-x}Sr_xTiO_3\;(x=0.02{\sim}0.08)$ ceramics. The dielectric constant( ${\epsilon}_r$) was increased with addition of $SrTiO_3$. The temperature coefficient of resonant frequency( ${\tau}_f$) was gradually varied from negative value to the positive value with increasing the $SrTiO_3$. The temperature coefficient of resonant frequency of the $Mg_{1-x}Sr_xTiO_3(x=0.036)$ ceramics was near zero, where the dielectric constant, quality factor, and ${\tau}_f$ were 20.65, 95120 and +1.3ppm/$^{\circ}C$, respectively.

위암(胃癌)에 대(對)한 문헌고찰(文獻考察)-(근래(近來) 잡지(雜誌)를 중심(中心)으로)-

공현식,유봉하,박동원,유기원,Kong, Hyeon-Sig,Rhu, Bong-Ha,Park, Dong-Won,Ryu, Ki-Won 대한한방내과학회 1994 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.15 No.1

This study was performed to investigate the gastric cancer through the journal of oriental medicine since 1990. The following results have been obtaied. 1. The Herb-medication in Gastric Cancer was composed to the oral-method and the injection-method. but, the oral-method was major and the injection-method rarely used. 2. In the treatment of Gastric Cancer, the Herb-medication that copperated with the operation and chemotherahpy was much more used 3. In the oriental medical therapy, the therapy for invigoration(補法) was common used. and the therapy for regulating vital energy(理氣), removing blood stasis(祛瘀), relieving pain(止痛), clearing away the heat evil (淸熱), removing toxic material(解毒) was used. 4. The following Herb was much more used to threat the Gastric Cancer.