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Approximation of the smooth functions by using fuzzy systems
문병수(B.S. Moon),이장수(J.S. Lee),이동영(D.Y. Lee),권기춘(K.C. Kwon) 한국지능시스템학회 2005 한국지능시스템학회 학술발표 논문집 Vol.15 No.2
A review of how the functions of two or more independent variables can be approximated by using fuzzy systems is provided in this paper. We start with an exact represention of a linear interpolation function of two independent variables by using a fuzzy system. Next, we describe how this function can be approximated by another fuzzy system wi th a lesser number or wi th a desired number of output fuzzy sets. Thus, a reduction of the storage needed is achieved by storing the fuzzy rules or equivalently the output fuzzy set numbers instead of storing the whole discrete function values. A description on how the cubic spline interpolation function can be represented exactly by using the fuzzy system method is provided, along with a few examples where fuzzy rule tables with a size of 7×7 provide a representation of the functions with relative errors of the order of 10<SUP>-2</SUP> or less.
김재호 ( K. J. Kim ),임정현 ( J. H. Rhim ),노수영 ( S. Y. No ),문병수 ( B. S. Moon ),김주영 ( J. Y. Kim ),강경균 ( K. G. Kang ) 한국분무공학회 1999 한국액체미립화학회지 Vol.4 No.4
Spray angle, a parameter which is most commonly used to evaluate. spray distribution, is important because it affects the axial and radial distribution of the fuel. Spray angles were measured and compared for the pintle-type gasoline fuel injector with n-heptane as a test fuel with the three different measuring techniques, i.e. digital image processing, shadowgraphy and spray patternator, respectively. Fuel was injected with the injection pressures of 0.2-0.35MPa into the room temperature and atmospheric pressure environment. In digital image processing method, the transmittance level greatly influences the spray angle with the axial distance from the injector. From the experimental results by the shadowgraphy technique, it is obvious that the spray angle vary during the injection period. The results of spray angle from the spray patternator show that there exist the different spray angles in the different areas. The spray angles increase with the increase in the injection pressure for the three measurement techniques considered in this study. The spray angle is widely different, especially in the near region from the injector, according to the measurement techniques used in this experimental work.
측정방법에 따른 흡기포트 분사식 다공 가솔린인젝터의 분무각 비교
김재호,노수영,임정현,문병수 한국액체미립화학회 2000 한국액체미립화학회지 Vol.5 No.3
The main parameter commonly used to evaluate spray distribution is spray angle. Spray angle is important because it influences the axial and radial distribution of the fuel. Spray angles were measured and compared for the two non-air assisted injectors such as 2hole-2stream, 4hole-1stream injectors used for port fuel injection gasoline engines with n-heptane as a fuel by three different measuring techniques, i.e. digital image processing, shadowgraphy, and spray patternator, respectively. Fuel was injected with the injection pressures of 0.2-0.35 MPa into the room temperature and atmospheric pressure environment. In digital image processing approach, the selection of the transmittance level is critical to obtain the edge of splay and hence to measure the spray angle. From the measurement results by the shadowgraphy technique, it is clear that the spray angle is varied during the spray injection period. The measurement results from spray patternator show that the different spray angles exist in different region. Spray angle increases with the increase in the injection pressure. it is suggested that the spray angle and stream separated angle should be specified when spray is characterized for 2hole-2stream injector, because spray angle is much different though stream separated angle is same. It was also considerably affected by the measurement techniques introduced in this experimental work. However, the optimal axial distance for measuring the spray angle seems to be at least 60-80 mm from the injector tip for two non-air assisted injectors.
강희동,도시홍,이우교,김완,노태익,문병수 한국센서학회 1999 센서학회지 Vol.8 No.5
CsI(Li) single crystals doped with 0.02, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mole% lithium as an activator were grown by Czochralski method. The lattice structure of grown CsI(Li) single crystal was bcc, its lattice constant was 4.568 Å. The absorption edge of CsI(Li) single crystal was 245 nm, and the spectral range of luminescence was 300 ∼ 600 nm, its maximum luminescence intensity appeared at 425 nm. The energy resolutions of CsI(Li) single crystal doped with 0.2 mole% lithium were 14.5 % for ^(137)Cs(662 keV), 11.4 % for ^(54)Mn(835 keV) and 17.7 o and 7.9 o for ^(22)Na(511 keV and 1275 keV), respectively. The relation formula of y -ray energy versus energy resolution was In ( FWHM% ) = -0.893 lnE + 8.456 and energy calibration formula was logE_r=1.455los(ch.)-1.277. The phosphorescence decay time of CsI(Li) crystal doped with 0.2 mole% lithium was 0.51 s at room temperature, and its time resolution measured by CFT(constant-fraction timing method) was 9.0 ns.