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이정일(Jung Il Lee),박장환(Jang Hwan Park),김석동(Sok Dong Kim),안병옥(Byeong Ok Ahn),이승택(Seung Tack Lee) 한국약용작물학회 1993 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.1 No.1
This study was conducted to select thin-shelled and high-yielding lines in job`s-tears. Two breeding lines of Suwon 3 and Suwon 6 were selected from the local collections. These two lines were tested and investigated on their characteristics under the field condition. The heading date of Suwon 3 and Suwon 6 was later one or two days, but the maturity date was one or two days earlier than that of check variety Kim-jejong, respectively. The number of grains per hill of Suwon 3, Suwon 6 was 50%, 49% greater and the milling rate was 3.8%, 5.6% higher than that of check variety, respectively. Althought 1000 grain weight of Suwon 3 and Suwon 6 was 20g lighter and the rate of ripeness was 6%, 12% lower, the raw grain yield was 22%, 20% higher than that of check variety, respectively. The thickness of seed coat of Suwon 3 and Suwon 6 was thiner and the hardness of seed coat was lower than that of check variety, therefore the milling time was decreased 12%, 7% compare to check variety, respectively. The crude protein contents of Suwon 3 and Suwon 6 was slightly higher and the amino acid composition of Suwon 6 was similar to Kimjejong, but Suwon 3 was lower than that of check variety.
추파대맥(秋播大麥) 재배시 기비(基肥)로 시용(施用)한 요소(尿素)의 질산화 및 그에 따른 질산태질소(窒酸態窒素)의 환경에의 방출
소창호,권용웅,임웅규,김석동 한국환경농학회 1993 한국환경농학회지 Vol.12 No.2
추파 대맥포장에서 基肥로 시용한 尿素의 토양중 窒酸化率과 월동기간중 보리의 枯死體함유된 질소의 量과 작토층에서 消失된 질산태질소의 量 및 월동 후 토양에 잔존하고 있는 질소의 量을 추정하고자 실시되었다. 보리 품종 올보리를 공시하고 작물시험장 맥류포장에서 기비 사용량을 0, 40, 80 및 120㎏/㏊을 尿素로 시용하였다. 파종은 10월 12일에 하였고 이듬해 3월 17일까지 조사하였으며, 월동기간은 12월 15일부터 3월 17일까지로 하였다. 또한 같은 토양을 이용하여 질산화작용에 미치는 온도의 영향을 밝히기 위하여 5, 10 및 15℃ 조건에서 4, 8, 16 ㎎ N/100g soil 수준으로 培養하였다. 1. 토양의 NH₄^--N 및 NO₃^--N 함량의 변화는 尿素 시용 후 40일경을 기점으로, 40일경까지는 NH₄^-가, 그리고 그 이후에는 NO₃^- 가 각각 可給態 窒素의 主를 이루었다. 2. 토양에 시용된 尿素의 질산화는 尿素 시용량이 많을수록, 그리고 온도가 낮을수록 완만하게 진행되었는데, 5℃에서는 15℃에서의 窒酸化率의 40∼50%가 일어났다. 3. 窒酸化作用에 관여하는 ammonia oxidizing bacteria 와 nitrite oxidizing bacteria의 수는 尿素 시용량의 증가에 따라 거의 직선적으로 增加하였다. 4. 월동 후 생존한 보리에 함유된 窒素量은 基肥量의 10% 미만이었고, 작토층에 잔류한 可給態窒素의 함량은 기비량의 약 24∼26% 이었으며, 월동기간중 보리의 고사체에 함유되어 유기태질소로 消失된 量은 기비량의 약 50%였고, 질산태질소의 溶脫量은 약 17∼20%에 달하였다. 월동기간중 질산태질소의 용탈량은 기비사용량 80 및 120㎏/㏊에서 각각 ㏊당 16㎏ 및 20㎏ 정도로 추정되었다. The use of fertilizer N is essential for maximum economic yield of crops. Meanwhile, enrichment of NO₃^-in the environment has to be avoided. Winter barley crop has a short duration of growth before winter, but is used to receive N greater than 60 ㎏/㏊ at seeding. Experiments were performed to determine the quantitative aspect of the fate of soil applied urea N among the residual, leached, and uptaken by winter barley (cv. Olbori), and to evaluate the effect of soil temperature on nitrification. Four levels of urea (0, 40, 80, and 120 ㎏ N/ha) was basal-dressed to Olbori. NH₄^- appeared dominant in the soil until 40 days after seeding, whereas NO₃^- did thereafter. Nitrification rate at 5°C of soil temperature was 40 to 50% of that at 15 ℃. Linear increases in the number of ammonia oxidizing and nitrite oxidizing bacteria of the soil was present as the level of urea fertilization was higher. Less than 60% of N applied at seeding was uptaken by winter barley until mid-March but 50% was lost from death of older barley leaves during overwintering. Thereby only 10% of the applied N remained in the barley in spring. Only 15% of the applied N was present in the rhizosphere. The 17 to 20% of the soil applied N leached out as NO₃^- the rhizosphere. Nitrogen leaching during winter was estimated to be 16 and 20 ㎏/㏊ when the basal application level of urea fertilization was 80 and 120 ㎏/㏊, respectively.