울산 울주지역 소규모 수도시설 지하수의 수리지화학적 특성 연구

김동수,김문수,조성진,김익현,이헌민,황종연,박선화,조훈제,김태승,김현구,Kim, Dongsoo,Kim, MoonSu,Jo, Sungjin,Kim, Ikhyun,Lee, Heonmin,Hwang, Jongyoen,Park, Sunhwa,Jo, Hunje,Kim, Taeseung,Kim, Hyunkoo 한국지하수토양환경학회 2017 지하수토양환경 Vol.22 No.5

The hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in the small waterworks are examined with 81 groundwater samples in Ulju region, Ulsan. The pH ranged in 6.3-8.2 and did not exceed the drinking water standards. Electrical conductivity ranged from $50{\mu}S/cm$ to $1,719{\mu}S/cm$. It indicated that the electrical conductivities in groundwaters at the study area are relatively low, compared with other groundwaters in Ulsan area. The calcium concentrations in groundwaters ranged from 3.55 to 113.01 mg/L, and sodium concentrations ranged from 2.02 to 65.50 mg/L. Nitrate concentrations ranged from 0 to 100.56 mg/L and potassium concentrations ranged from N.D (not detected) to 2.50 mg/L. Major cations and anions were mainly derived from the water-rock interaction involving feldspar, gypsum and calcite. The groundwaters were mainly the $Ca-(Na)-HCO_3$ type, classified as the early stage of groundwater evolutions. The correlation between electrical conductivities and Ca concentrations in groundwaters was relatively high ($R^2=0.74$). In the correlations between ions, the correlation coefficient between $SO_4$ and Ca was 0.65 and between Mg and $HCO_3$ was 0.65.

정보시스템감리의 서비스품질요인이 감리품질과 고객만족에 미치는 영향

김동수,김현수,안연식,Kim DongSoo,Kim Hyunsoo,Ahn Yeonshick 한국정보처리학회 2004 정보처리학회논문지D Vol.11 No.7

정보시스템의 위험 및 역기능 방지와 더불어 정보시스템의 품질을 제고하기 위한 정보시스템 감리에 대한 중요성과 그 수요가 증가하고 있다. 더불어 감리내실화와 신뢰성제고를 위한 기술연구와 제도연구도 지속적으로 수행되어왔다. 그러나, 감리의뢰기관이 감리에 대한 본질적 측면의 이해 부족, 감리인의 자질 및 신기술에 대한 이해 부족과 대상업무파악 미흡으로 형식에 치우치는 측면이 있어 정보시스템 감리의 서비스 품질이 상대적으로 취약하여 감리의뢰기관이나 피감리 기관으로부터 신뢰를 얻지 못하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 감리서비스 품질요인과 감리품질간의 관계를 규명하고, 나아가서 감리품질과 고객만족도간의 관계를 규명하고자 하였다. 연구결과, 감리인의 감리능력, 대응성은 감리품질에 유의한 영향요인이며, 또한 감리품질은 감리만족도에, 그리고 감리인의 감리능력, 신뢰성, 대응성이 감리만족도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. The importance and demand about IS(information system) audit we increasing to raise quality of IS and prevention of the IS risk and dysfunction. Technology and system research for the substantiality and raising reliability of IS audit are continuously performed. But, there are misunderstanding of audit clients about IS audit, insufficiency of auditor's ability and misunderstanding of new technology and target business area. Therefore, is not getting trust from client or system integrator because service quality of IS audit is weak relatively. This study aims at survey correlation between audit service quality factor and audit quality, between audit quality and customer satisfaction. The results of this study are as follow. Auditor's ability, correspondence has a significant effect on audit quality, also audit quality on audit satisfaction, and Auditor`s ability, reliability has a significant effect on audit satisfaction.

방언 통역이란 무엇인가?

김동수 ( Kim¸ Dongsoo ) 한세대학교 영산신학연구소 2021 영산신학저널 Vol.- No.58

지난 한 세기 동안 바울의 방언관에 대한 활발한 연구와는 대조적으로, 방언통역에 대한 별도의 연구는 거의 없었다. 이에 관한 유일한 논문은 티슬턴이 1979년에 쓴 것이다. 방언 통역의 본질에 관한 논의에서 그의 글은 지금도 왕좌를 차지하고 있다. 그런데 그동안 그의 주장에 대한 비평적 논평과 대안이 제시되지 않는 것이 이상하다. 그래서 본 논문은 그의 주장을 비판적으로 검토하는 것이다. 그의 주장은 두 단계로 구성되어 있다. 첫째, ‘통역하다’에 해당하는 헬라어 ἑρμηνεύω 어군은 ‘통역하다’라는 뜻도 있지만 바울 이전의 문서, 특히 필로와 요세푸스의 글에 보면 ‘말로 표현하다’라는 뜻으로 쓰인 경우가 많다. 둘째, 고린도전서 12-14장에 나오는 방언 통역은 바로 이런 뜻으로 쓰인 것이다. 바울은 의미 없는 재잘거림인 방언은 유치한 것이니 더 이상 하지 말고, 이해되는 말로 표현하라고 말한 것이다. 본 논문은 그의 주장이 언어학적으로, 또 고린도전서 12-14장의 관련 구절 주석에 있어 모두 상당히 문제가 있다는 것을 밝혀낼 것이며, 그래서 그의 주장은 더 이상 유지할 수 없는 것이라는 점을 보여줄 것이다. 방언 통역은 전통적인 이해, 즉 방언(외국어든 아니면 상징 언어든)에 대한 통역이라는 것이 논자의 주장이다. In contrast to the vigorous research on Paul’s view of speaking in tongues over the past century, there has been little interest in the interpretation of tongues. No academic work concerning the topic has been produced except for Anthony C. Thiselton’s article published in 1979. His paper still occupies the throne in the realm of the discussions on the nature of the interpretation of tongues. It is not common, however, that there have been no critical comments and alternatives to his proposition in the meantime. Therefore, this paper attempts to provide a critical review on his article, and to challenge his thesis. Thiselton’s argument consists of two stages. First, while it means ‘to interpret’, he suggested, the Greek word group ἑρμηνεύω/διερμηνεύω that corresponds to ‘to interpret’ is often used to mean ‘to put into the words’ in the texts before Paul’s lifetime, particularly those of Philo and Josephus. Second, this category of meaning, he claims, fits well to the verses related to the interpretation of tongues in 1 Corinthians 12-14. Paul was telling to cease speaking in an unknown tongue because it is babbling, and to express it into the words easy to be understood. This paper tries to show that Thiselton’s argument through his philological and exegetical analyses of 1 Corinthians 12-14 is considerably problematic, and that it is thus no longer sustainable. The thesis of this paper advocates the traditional understanding of the word ἑρμηνεύω, that is ‘to interpret’ as the interpretation of speaking in tongues (whether a foreign or symbolic language).

조종사의 각성 및 생리적 안정에 근거한 비행임무적합 수준 판정 시스템의 개발

김동수,이우일,Kim, Dongsoo,Lee, Wooil 한국군사과학기술학회 2015 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.18 No.6

Fighter pilot's ability to maintain both mental and physical capabilities in highly stressful situations is important for aviation safety as well as mission performance because pilot may confront frequently unexpected physical and psychological stimulation. Cumulative psychological stress and physical fatigue can be causes of mood distortion, declined alertness, and can lead to reduction of combat capability. We have investigated bio-signals and performance tests to monitor stress and fatigue levels, and developed a system to evaluate aviation mission suitability before flight. This study elucidated that stress and fatigue level of pilot can be monitored by psychomotor cognitive test(PCT) and heart rate variability(HRV), and that the best of reference for aviation mission suitability was confidential interval obtained from cumulative data of individuals. The system to evaluate aviation mission suitability was constructed with measuring part with PCT and HRV and control part with DB and algorithm.

한국방공식별구역(KADIZ) 발전방안

김동수,홍성표,정맹석,Kim, Dongsoo,Hong, Sungpyo,Chong, Mangseok 항공우주시스템공학회 2016 항공우주시스템공학회지 Vol.10 No.1

Recently, China & Japan have expanded their responding ADIZ(Air Defence Identification Zone) to implement each Government's maritime policy and to project their Air Power in preparation for maritime provocation & contingency, especially over the piled area where East Asia countries have claimed to have maritime jurisdiction one another. So this is to guide the Development Option for Korea Air Defence Identification Zone to cope with the maritime intentions of the neighboring countries, considering the international law for ADIZ, the maritime policy and the maritime sovereign & jurisdiction area of the Republic of Korea, etc.

환원/확산 공정에 의한 고성능 Nd-Fe-B 자성분말의 제조

김동수,진춘강,백연경,최철진,Kim, Dongsoo,Chen, Chunqiang,Baek, Younkyoung,Choi, Chuljin 한국분말야금학회 2013 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.20 No.3

A novel route to prepare Nd-Fe-B magnetic particles by utilizing both spray drying and reduction/diffusion processes was investigated in this study. Precursors were prepared by spray drying method using the aqueous solutions containing Nd salt, Fe salt and boric acid with stoichiometric ratios. Precursor particles could be obtained with various sizes from 2 to $10{\mu}m$ by controlling concentrations of the solutions and the average size of $2{\mu}m$ of precursors were selected for further steps. After heat treatment of precursors in air, Nd and Fe oxides were formed through desalting procedure, followed by reduction processes in Hydrogen ($H_2$) atmosphere and with Calcium (Ca) granules in Argon (Ar) successively. Moreover, diffusion between Nd and Fe occurred during Ca reduction and $Nd_2Fe_{14}B$ particles were formed. With Ca amount added to particles after $H_2$ reduction, intrinsic coercivity was changed from 1 to 10 kOe. In order to remove and leach CaO and residual Ca, de-ionized water and dilute acid were used. Acidic solutions were more effective to eliminate impurities, but Fe and Nd were dissolved out from the particles. Finally, $Nd_2Fe_{14}B$ magnetic particles were synthesized after washing in de-ionized water with a mean size of $2{\mu}m$ and their maximum energy product showed 9.23 MGOe.

최근 방공식별구역 운영 개념과 현황 분석

김동수,홍성표,정맹석,Kim, Dongsoo,Hong, Sungpyo,Chong, Mangseok 항공우주시스템공학회 2014 항공우주시스템공학회지 Vol.8 No.4

This thesis analyzes the latest operating concept and status for Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ) researching overseas ADIZ CONOPS, international legal basis for ADIZ, the intention & background of proclamation for China Air Defense Identification Zone(CADIZ). Firstly, ADIZ is lawful concerning international connivance for ADIZ where around 20 countries have operated, Article 56 "Rights, jurisdiction & duties of the coastal State" and Article 301 "Peaceful uses of the seas" on the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea(UNCLS). Secondly, ADIZ has been regarded as a support means for national interest & policy as well as military air defense one. Thirdly, Based on legal re-interpretation for UNCLS relating to ADIZ, China proclaimed CADIZ where can ensure national maritime policy and strategy including A2/AD(Anti-Access & Area Defence), inroad into the ocean, claim for Senkaku Islands possession, etc..

ebXML 지원 솔루션의 표준적합성 테스트 시스템 구축

김동수(Dongsoo Kim),윤정희(Jung-Hee Yun) 한국IT서비스학회 2003 한국IT서비스학회지 Vol.2 No.1

This research has designed and implemented the standard conformance test system for e-Business solutions that supports the ebXML, which is currently being focused on as the leading electronic commerce framework. The adoption of standards such as ebXML is probably the best way to achieve interoperability among electronic commerce systems, and more and more e-Business solutions around the world are supporting ebXML. This research primarily discusses the concept and needs for the standard conformance tests on e-Business solutions. The standard conformance test system is developed based on the detailed specifications of the ebXML framework. This system was used to test commercial e-Business solutions supporting ebXML. The system implemented in this research will provide a significant basis for the standard conformance certification of e-Business solutions, and could also provide clear decision criteria for e-Business solutions currently in market, thus activate the overall e-Business market.

북한 비핵화 협상의 실패: 구성주의적 시각을 중심으로

김동수(Kim, Dongsoo) 한국동북아학회 2021 한국동북아논총 Vol.26 No.4

본 연구는 북한 비핵화를 위한 지난 30여 년의 협상의 역사를 6자회담을 중심으로 살펴보고자 한다. 6자회담을 비롯한 협상의 과정에서 다수의 의미있는 합의가 있었음에도 불구하고 북한의 비핵화를 이끌어내는 데 실패한 원인을 밝히는 데 본 연구의 목적이 있다. 6자회담을 비롯한 북한 비핵화 협상의 실패의 원인에 대한 기존의 시각은 협상의 실패 혹은 정치의 실패로 보는 경향이 있는데 비하여, 본 연구는 국제정치의 구성주의적 시각에 근거하여 그보다 더 근본적인 문제가 존재하며 북미 양국 간의 상호불신과 상대방의 정체성에 대한 부정적인 인식이 그것이라는 주장을 제기한다. 표면적으로 드러나는 협상의 실패와 정치의 실패를 견인하는 것이 오랜 기간 양국 사이에 누적되어온 두려움과 혐오 등을 포함한 불신이라는 것이다. 본 연구의 결론은 국제관계 현상을 설명하는 데 있어서 구성주의 패러다임의 적절성을 보여주고 향후 북한 비핵화를 위한 정책을 수립하는 데 함의를 제공한다. This study aims to examine the history of negotiations for denuclearization of North Korea during the past three decades. The purpose of this study is to uncover the ultimate causes of failure of the negotiations although meaningful agreements were reached several times. The conventional understanding of this issue is that the negotiations failed because of the failure of politics. However, this study offers an alternative explanation, arguing that mutual distrust between the U.S. and North Korea is the more fundamental reason of the failure, based on the constructivist paradigm of international relations theory. In other words, this study shows that mutual distrust between the U.S. and North Korea which accumulated during the past decades since the Korean Ward led the failure of politics in the process of negotiations. The findings of this study provides empirical evidences to support the relevance of constructivism as a theoretical framework to analyze international phenomena as well as policy implications for denuclearization of North Korea in the future.

신약성서는 교황제를 지지하는가?

김동수(Kim, Dongsoo) 한국신약학회 2015 신약논단 Vol.22 No.3

가톨릭교회의 교황 제도는 그 성서적 근거는 있는 것인가? 예수가 베드로에게 수위권을 주었고, 그 권한이 로마 주교인 교황에게 계속 이어지는 것인가? 가톨릭교회는 그렇다고 보고 그 근거로 마태복음 16:18과 16:19을 든다. 이 논문은 현재의 교황제가 과연 위 마태의 본문들을 정당하게 해석한 것인지를 물을 것이다. 첫째, 위 본문들을 주석해서 마태가 의도했던 바를 밝혀내려 한다. 둘째, 마태가 이해했던 하나님 나라에서의 사람들의 관계의 본질에서 볼 때, 마태가 현재 교황 제도와 같은 것을 인정하는 신학을 가지고 있었는지를 판단할 것이다. 셋째, 신약성서 전체에서 교회 직제의 특성을 볼 때 이것이 교황제를 지지해 주는 지를 검토할 것이다. 이 연구를 통하여 우리는 가톨릭교회의 교황제의 성서적 근거는 미약하다는 결론에 이를 것이다. 본 논문에서 밝혀질 결론에 근거하여, 본 논문의 의의를 다루면서 한국개신교회는 교리적으로는 교황제를 반대함에도 불구하고, 유교의 가부장제의 영향으로 교황제와 비슷한 제도를 인정하고 있는 현실을 비판할 것이다. 그래서 본 연구를 통해 가톨릭교회의 교황제에 대한 비판과 아울러 교황제를 도입하지 않았지만, 그것과 유사한 제도를 실행함으로써 실제로 교황제를 도입한 것과 같은 효과가 있는 한국 개신교회의 직제이해도 아울러 비판할 것이다. Does papacy have a biblical foundation? Did Jesus confer primacy on Peter, and was the primacy succeeded to the pope? Roman Catholic church answers “yes” to these questions and claims that Matthew 16:18 supports it. This paper attempts to make a counter argument to the above claim. First, I will try to show that Peter in Matthew 16:18 does not represent Peter as a specially commissioned person, but as a typical disciple of Jesus. Further, there is no hint that the special function of Peter, if there is any, is succeeded to the bishop of Rome. Second, this paper tries to show that Matthew does not support a monarchical church order, in that for him the community order of the disciples is egalitarian in essence, whereas that of the synagogues is hierarchical (Matt. 23:8-12). Third, this paper wants to show that monarchical church order is not to be warranted generally in the New Testament. Among three types of New Testament church orders such as ‘charismatic model’ in Paul’s letters, ‘institutional model’ in the Pastoral, and ‘democratic model’ in Johannine literature, any model warrants monarchical order. The above findings lead me to conclude that the Roman Catholic papacy has no biblical foundation. Ulrich Luz, then, suggests two criteria to the interpretation of Matthew 16:18: “a criterion of correspondence” and “a functional criterion.” He suggests that a papacy is possible from “a criterion of correspondence” theoretically but there were limited popes who interpreted Matthew 16:18 properly seeing from “a functional criterion.” This conclusion has significance to the Korean protestant churches. Although its interpretation of Matthew 16:18 is better than that of the Roman Catholic church from “a criterion of correspondence”, its practices are not good enough from “a functional criterion.” This practice was influenced from Confucius patriarchy. I suggest that Korean church is to discuss on this issue seriously.