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LMK02의 품질규격화와 $A{\beta}$ 올리고머에 의해 유도된 희주해마 H19-7세포주에 미치는 항치매효과
강형원,김상태,손형진,한평림,조형권,이영재,류영수,Kang, Hyung-Won,Kim, Sang-Tae,Son, Hyeong-Jin,Han, Pyeong-Leem,Cho, Hyoung-Kwon,Lee, Young-Jae,Lyu, Yeoung-Su 대한동의생리학회 2009 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.23 No.2
For standardization of LMK02 quality, Ginsenoside Rg3 of Red Ginseng and Decursin of Angelica gigas Nakai in the constituents of LMK02 were estimated as indicative components. From LMK02 water extract, has been used in vitro test for its beneficial effects on neuronal survival and neuroprotective functions, particularly in connection with APP-related dementias and Alzheimer's disease (AD). $A{\beta}$ oligomer derived from proteolytic processing of the ${\beta}$-amyloid precursor protein (APP), including the amyloid-${\beta}$ peptide ($A{\beta}$), play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's dementia. We determined that oligomer amyloid-${\beta}$ ($A{\beta}$) have a profound attenuation in the increase in rat hippocampus H19-7 cells from. Experimental evidence indicates that LMK02 protects against neuronal damage from cells, but its cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Using a hippocampus cell line on $A{\beta}$ oligomer-induced neuronal cytotoxicity, we demonstrated that LMK02 inhibits formation of $A{\beta}$ oligomer, which are the behavior, and possibly causative, feature of AD. In the Red Ginseng, the average amounts of Ginsenoside Rg3 were $47.04{\mu}g/g$ and $42.3{\mu}g/g$, 90 % of its weight were set as a standard value. And, in the Angelica gigas Nakai, the average amounts of Decursin were 2.71 mg/g and 2.44mg/g, 90 % of its weight were also set as a standard value. The attenuated $A{\beta}$ oligomer in the presence of LMK02 was observed in the conditioned medium of this $A{\beta}$ oligomer-induced cells under in vitro. In the cells, LMK02 significantly activated antiapoptosis and decreased the production of ROS. These results suggest that neuronal damage in AD might be due to two factors: a direct $A{\beta}$ oligomer toxicity and multiple cellular and molecular neuroprotective mechanisms, including attenuation of apoptosis and direct inhibition of $A{\beta}$ oligomer, underlie the neuroprotective effects of LMK02 treatment.
강형원,최용준,이형규,Kang, Hyung-Won,Choi, Yong-Jun,Lee, Hyeung-Gyu 한국전기전자재료학회 2007 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.20 No.8
The new design of inchworm-type piezoelectric actuator is presented in this paper, Compared to conventional inchworm-type actuators, which are composed of more than three piezoelectric bodies, we can reduce the number of piezoelectric bodies by employing the proposed design, resulting in only one piezoelectric body. The overall size of the proposed actuator which consists of one piezoelectric body, two clamping parts and one extending part, is only $5{\times}6{\times}9 [mm^3]$ (DWL). The actuating characteristics of fabricated Monolithic Inchworm Type Actuator(MITA), were found to be a displacement of $0.3{\mu}m$, a generating force of 0.6N and an electric power of 0.5W.
강형원,이승기,이재혁,박보라,유영수,Kang, Hyung-Won,Lee, Seung-Gi,Lee, Jae-Hyuk,Park, Bo-Ra,Lyu, Yeoung-Su 대한한방신경정신과학회 2013 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.24 No.suppl1
Objectives : The Hwabyung Research Center of The Korean Society Of Oriental Neuropsychiatry has attempted to develop the 'Clinical Guidelines for Hwabyung'. Methods : The Hwabyung Research Center constructed a committee of experts and advisory group. Relevant literature was collected and evaluated in order to find out effective Pharmacotherapy (Herbal medicine), acupuncture and moxibustion, and cupping of Hwabyung. Results : We found some evidences that proved the effectiveness of Pharmacotherapy (Herbal medicine), acupuncture and moxibustion, and cupping in the treatment of Hwabyung. 1) We recommend Pharmacotherapy (Herbal medicine), acupuncture and moxibustion, cupping, psychotherapy and management, other therapeutic approaches and education for Hwabyung. 2) Pharmacotherapy (Herbal medicine) should be determined according to the pattern identification of Korean medicine. Further, the prescription should be cost-effective, safe and have no side effects. Also, the interaction between Herbal and Western drugs should be considered carefully. 3) There are general acupuncture, scalp acupuncture, Pharmacopuncture, Sa-am acupuncture as well as acupuncture treatments for Hwabyung. 4) Moxibustion and cupping are useful, relieving various somatic symptoms of Hwabyung. Conclusions : Pharmacotherapy (Herbal medicine), Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Cupping for Hwabyung were studied. We hope that the 'Clinical Guidelines for the Treatment of Hwabyung' are helpful for oriental medical doctors and patients.
이고은 ( Go Eun Lee ),박장호 ( Jang Ho Park ),유윤선 ( Yun Sun Lyu ),노동진 ( Dong Jin No ),박인숙 ( In Sook Park ),강형원 ( Hyung Won Kang ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2011 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.22 No.3
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of somatization psychological mechanism among Sasang constitution. Methods: Subjects were seventy four students of Won-Kwang university responded the questionnaire. We evaulated teh subjects using Minnesota Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification Ⅱ(QSCC Ⅱ), Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2(MMPI-2), 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Somato-Sensory Amplification Scale(SSAS), Symptom Interpretation Questionnaire(SIQ) and The Ways of Stress Coping Questionnaire(SCQ). Results: From the results of Clinical scale of MMPI-2, the scores of 2nd, 9th, 10th scales was significantly difference. In Lesser Yin group 10th score was the significantly highest of the others, 1st, 3rd, 6th, 7th, 8th score were the highest but not significant. and From the results of PSY-5 scale(The Personality Psychopathology Five scale) of MMPI-2, In Lesser Yin goup, INTR(Introversion/Low Positive Emotion) score was significantly highest, PSYC(psychoticism), NEGE (Negative Emotionality/Neuroticism) was higher than the others. In TAS-20K, SSAS, SIQ and SCQ Lesser Yin group was not significantly difference. but Lesser Yin group had the tendency of difficulty describing feelings and externally oriented thinking and higher score in physical and psychological interpretation. We observed generally lower levels of stress coping strategy scores than the others. Conclusions: These results showed that Lesser Yin group tend to somatization compared other constitution.
Sprague-Dawley 랫드를 이용한 Up & Down 법 (UDP)에 의한 LMK02의 단회 경구투여 독성시험
강형원 ( Hyung Won Kang ),권영미 ( Yeong Mi Kwon ),이상원 ( Sang Won Lee ),김지훤 ( Ji Hwon Kim ),이효경 ( Hyo Gyung Lee ),장현호 ( Hyun Ho Jang ),박보라 ( Bo Ra Park ),류영수 ( Yeoung Su Lyu ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2010 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.21 No.3
Objectives: The oriental medicine Jangwonhwan originally described in the Korean medical text, DonguiBogam(amnesia chapter). Recently, a modified formula of Jangwonhwan(LMK02-Jangwonhwan), was shown to reduce β-amyloid deposition in the brain of Tg-APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model for Alzheimer`s disease. This experiment aimed to investigate the acute oral toxicity of LMK02 in SD rats by up-and-down procedure determinations. Methods: Quality control of tablet form of LMK02 was established by estimating indicative components, Ginsenoside Rg3 of Red Ginseng and Decursin of Angelicagigas Nakai. The toxicity of LMK02 was investigated in 6 week old, specific pathogen free(SPF), Sprageu-Dawley rats. 3 female rats received 5,000 mg/10 ml/kg of test substance and their death rate, clinical sings, weight changes and autopsy findings had been observed for 2 weeks. Results: Any specific symptoms or death were resulted in this experiment. No significant changes in rats` weight. No significant differences in atopsy. Conclusions: The minimum lethal dose(MLD) of LMK02 for female Sprauge-Dawley rats were more than 5,000mg/kg in this experiment.
강형원 ( Hyung Won Kang ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2011 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.22 No.3
Objectives: Neurosis, psychosomatic disease from which most of out-patients suffer originated marital problem in clinical setting, In Oriental medicine, concept and clinical cases of the couple therapy is insufficient. So we suggest the theoretical background and evidence of oriental medical approach. Methods: We searched the theoretical perspectives of recent couple therapy and suggested the psychotherapy with couples in oriental medicine and its clinical utilization. Results: 1. Advantages of the couple therapy in oriental medicine were easy to relationship and emotional communication. because oriental medicine were available to approach of symptom pattern about somatic symptom due to marital problem. 2. Oriental medical therapy, for example, acupuncture, moxibustion, cupping, herbal medicine, etc. connects doctors and the patients easily, unlike dialogue-centered western psychotherapy. 3. The Ii-Gyeung-Byun-Qi Therapy(移精變氣療法) resolve the marital suppressed feeling easily, Gi-Un-Go-Roen Therapy (至言高論療法) is useful in four principle-marital role, communication, sex life, theory of Hwa-Byung. 4. The principle of ``sorrow restraints anger(悲勝怒)`` and ``pleasure restraints sorrow(喜勝悲)`` in Oh-Ji-Sang-Seung Therapy(五志相勝療法) accords with forgiveness and recovery that is ultimate goal of the couple therapy. Conclusions: Except existing therapy for recovery of marital relation, We suggest the somatic symptom centered approach based on mind and body unification in oriental medicine. This principle would bring the benefit from the marital to familial relation. From now on, we should correct the theory, need the theorical systematization. Then we should develop the program for recovery of marital relation and examine the hypothesis.
LMK02의 Sprague-Dawley 랫드를 이용한 13 주간 반복 경구투여 독성시험
강형원 ( Hyung Won Kang ),장현호 ( Hyun Ho Jang ),박장호 ( Jang Ho Park ),김태헌 ( Tae Heon Kim ),류영수 ( Yeoung Su Lyu ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2012 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.23 No.2
Objectives: The oriental medicine Jangwonhwan, a boiled extract of 12 medicinal herbs/mushrooms, has been prescribed to patients with cognitive dysfunction, as originally described in the Korean medical text, DonguiBogam (amnesia chapter). Recently, a modified formula of Jangwonhwan (LMK02-Jangwonhwan) consisting of seven medicinal plants/mushrooms, was shown to reduce the β-amyloid deposition in the brain of Tg-APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model for Alzheimer`s disease. The toxicity of LMK02-Jangwonhwan was investigated in SD rats, by a daily oral administration for 13 weeks and NOAEL (No observed adverse effect dose), a definite toxic dose and target organ, as well. Methods: Quality control of the tablet form of LMK02-Jangwonhwan was established by estimating the indicative components, Ginsenoside Rg3 of Red Ginseng and Decursin of Angelicagigas Nakai. The toxicity of LMK02-Jangwonhwan was investigated in 6 week old, specific pathogen free (SPF), Sprageu-Dawley rats by oral administration. Each test group consisted of 10 male and 10 female rats. The groups received doses of 500, 1,000 or 2,000 mg/kg/day of test substance for 13 weeks. The clinical signs, death rate, body weight, food consumption, ophthalmic examination, urinalysis, hematological and serum biochemistry, organ weight and pathological changes were examined and compared with those of the control group. Results: The 13- week repeated oral treatment doses didn`t result in any specific symptoms or death. There were no significant changes in the rat`s weight and food consumption. Further, ophthalmic examination, urinalysis, hematological, serum biochemistry test and organ weight revealed no significant differences. Conclusions: The no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of LMK02 for male and female Sprague-Dawley rats was determined as 2,000mg/kg/day and the target organ wasn`t confirmed. Because no significant adverse effects were observed, the target organ could not be determined.