Amblyomma testudinarium Koch, 1844: Discovery and Record in Korea, and Identification and Redescription of Male Tick

강영배,서명덕,김용희,변시열,임희웅,Kang, Yung-Bai,Suh, Myung-Deuk,Kim, Yong-Hee,Byun, Si-Yul,Lim, Hi-Ung The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 1981 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.21 No.2

Amblyomma testudinarium Koch', 1844, previousely known to occur in India, Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Indochina, the Philipines, Taiwan and Japan, is here firstly discovered and recorded in Korea. A male specimen was collected from grazing Frisian cattle of the Dae Weon Farm on Jeju Island by a local veterinary official on the 28th June in 1981. The specimen was examined at the institute of Veterinary Research in Anyang and was identified as A. testudinarium. The morphological characteristics of the male specimen were redescribed. A tota1 of 18 species of ticks belonging to 7 genera, such as, Argas, Amblyomma, Boophilus, Dermaccntor, Haemaphysalis, Hyalomma and Ixodes, has now been recorded to occur in Korea. 인디아, 스리랑카, 버마, 타일랜드, 말레이지아, 인도차이나, 필리핀, 타이완 그리고 일본(日本)에 분포(分布)하는 것으로 이미 알려진 바 있는 Amblyomma testudinarium Kcoh, 1844 진드기가 금번(今番)에 우리 나라에서도 처음으로 발견(發見) 되었기에 보고(報告)한다. 제주시(濟州市)로부터 동남방(東南方) 24km 떨어진 지역(地域)인 북제주군 조천면 교래리에 위치(位置)하고 있는 대원목장(牧場)에서 사육중(飼育中)인 홀스타인 육우(乳牛)로부터 채취(採取)된 미포혈(未飽血) 상태(狀態)의 웅충(雄蟲) 1마리를 검사재료(檢査材料)로하여 종속동정(種屬同定)을 하여 본 결과(結果), Amblyomma testudinarium 진드기로 밝히어 졌으며, 이에 그 형태학적(形態學的) 특징(特徵)을 기술(記述)하여 보고(報告)한다. 경(硬)진드기류(類)에 속(屬)하는 Amblyomma 진드기의 국내서식(國內棲息)이 확인(確認)됨에 따라, 국내(國內)에서 발견(發見) 보고(報告)된 진드기의 종류(種類)는 경(軟)진드기인 Argas속(屬), 그리고 경(硬)진드기인 Boophilus속(屬), Dermacentor속(屬), Haemaphysalis속(屬), Hyalomma속(屬), Ixodes속(屬) 등, 경(軟)진드기류(類) 1속(屬), 경(硬)진드기류(類) 6속(屬), 도합(都合) 7속(屬) 18종(種)이 기록(記錄) 되었으며, 지리적(地理的)으로 볼 때, A. testudinarium 진드기의 분포(分布)에 있어서 우리 나라가 동남아세아(東南亞細亞)와 일본(日本)을 연결(連結)해 주는 교량적(橋梁的) 위치(位置)에 놓여 있다는 점(點)과 제주도(濟州道)의 자연환경(自然環境)과 기후조건(氣候條件)은 열대(熱帶) 또는 아열대(亞熱帶) 지역(地域)의 진드기 서식(棲息)에도 적합(適合) 할 것으로 사료(思料)된다.

꿀벌에 기생(寄生)하는 Nosema apis의 병원성(病原性)과 발육단계(發育段階)에 관한 연구(硏究)

강영배,김동성,장두환,Kang, Yung Bai,Kim, Dong Sung,Jang, Du Hwan 대한수의학회 1976 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.16 No.1

Studies on pathogenicities and developmental stages of Nosema apis (Zander, 1909) were carried out through artificial infection to Nosema free honey bees with various levels of spores isolated from local honey bee colony. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The clinical symptoms were observed as dysentery, enteritis of mid-gut (enlargement and decoloration), crawling posture and shortening of the longevity of worker bees in the rearing honey bee colony inoculated with the spores. 2. Number of spores harvested from laboratory rearing honey bees were progresively increased to 4 weeks after inoculation. The regression equations and coefficients of correlations to various spore levels were as follows in each treatment colony. Colony 1. ($$1,000{\times}10^4spores/ml$$) $$y_{c1}=471{\times}10^{4}x+454{\times}10^4(r=0.65^*$$) Colony 2. ($$500{\times}10^4spores/ml$$) $$y_{c2}=340{\times}10^{4}x+207.8{\times}10^4(r=0.99^{**}$$) Colony 3. ($$100{\times}10^4spores/ml$$) $$y_{c3}=150{\times}10^{4}x+84.2{\times}10^4(r=0.99^{**}$$) Colony 4. ($$10{\times}10^4spores/ml$$) $$y_{c4}=13.8{\times}10^{4}x+13{\times}10^4(r=0.98^{**}$$) 3. Average longevity of worker bees artificially infected with Nosema apis was shortened as 21.7~43.8% compare to the control. (p<.05, p<.01) 4. The spores which were isolated from honey bee colony infected with Nosema disease were ovoid or spherical form, and measured, as a rule, from $4.7{\mu}m$ to $6.1{\mu}m$ (mean $5.3{\mu}m$) in length and from $2.4{\mu}m$ to $3.2{\mu}m$ (mean $2.9{\mu}m$) in width. 5. In the mid-gut of honey bees, the spore was progresively germinated and became trophozoite stage. The trophozoites were grown to meronts and their binary fission were begun. The divided two sporoblasts were developed to the spores which had elastic membrane. The new spores were shed in excreta of honey bees 10~15 day after inoculation at $25{\pm}2$ centigrade. 6. The ultrastructure of spore membrane consisted of three layers, such as, outer, middle and inner layer. The sporoplasm consisting lamellar structure occupied only anterior part of the spore and was often extended to posterior direction where definite vacuoles and a polar filament was able to detect.

꿀벌 부저병의 발생확인과 방역대책

강영배,김상희,장환,김창섭,김종염,권영방,이영옥,박정문,정운익,김공식,신종백,Kang Yung-Bai,Kim S.H.,Jang H.,Kim C.S.,Kim J.Y.,Kwon Y.B.,Rhee Y.O.,Park J.M.,Chung U.I.,Kim K.S.,Shin J.B. 대한수의사회 1987 대한수의사회지 Vol.23 No.5

Outbreaks of foulbrood in honey bees rearing on Cheju Island(an apiary with 172 colonies) and in Pusan City(an apiary with 100 colonies) were reported in April, 1987. The disease striked on Cheju Island was identified as American foulbrood caused by Bacil

Histopathology of Lesion Produced by Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann (Acarina:ixodidae) with Reference to Acquired Immunity

강영배,Kang, Yung-Bai The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 1981 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.21 No.2

진드기의 흡혈(吸血)에 대對하여 경험(經驗)이 없는 가토(家兎)를 실험숙주(實驗宿主)로하여 Haemaphysalis longicornis 진드기를 부착(附着) 흡혈(吸血)시켰을때 형성(形成)된 교상(咬傷)에 대(對)한 조직병리학적(組織病理學的) 변화(變化)를 관찰(觀察)하고, 진드기의 흡혈(吸血)에 경험(經驗)이 있는 감작(感作)된 가토(家兎)에 1개월(個月) 간격(間隔)으로 제2차(第二次) 흡혈(吸血)까지 시도(試圖)하여 가토체내(家兎體內)의 획득면역(獲得免疫)의 형성(形成)과 그에 따른 조직병리학적(組織病理學的) 변화(變化)를 비교관찰(比較觀察)하여 다음과 같은 결론(結論)을 얻었다. 1. H. longicornis 진드기는 구기(口器)를 사용(使用)하여 가토(家兎) 이부위(耳部位)의 피용(皮庸)를 천자(穿刺)하므로서 교상(咬傷)을 일으키며, 흔히 진드기의 구기주변(口器週邊)에는 진드기의 안전(安全)한 부착(附着)을 기도(企圖)하는 편평원추상(扁平圓錐狀)의 시멘트 물질(物質)이 형성(形成)되었다. 2. 진드기 교상(咬傷)에 대(對)한 주요(主要)한 조직병리학적(組織病理學的) 변화(變化)는 국소부위(局所部位)의 출혈성(出血性) 염증성(炎症性) 반응(反應), 광범위(廣範圍)한 부종(浮腫), 백혈구(白血球) 침윤(浸潤), 그리고 세포조직(細胞組織)의 괴사(壞死)로 대징(待徵)지워졌다. 3. 진드기 기생(寄生)의 초기(初期)에 형성(形成)된 병변(病變) 또는 진드기 흡혈(吸血)에 대(對)하여 경험(經驗)이 없는 가토(家兎)의 병변(病變)에서는 호중구(好中球)를 흔히 볼 수 있었으며, 진드기 기생말기(寄生末期) 또는 진드기 흡혈(吸血)에 대(對)하여 경험(經驗)이 있는 감작(感作)된 가토(家兎)의 병변(病變)에서는 호산구(好酸球)가 많이 관찰(觀察)되었다. 4. 진드기의 구기(口器)가 창상내(創傷內)에 잔존(殘存)하는 한, 치유(治癒)은 단시일내(短時日內)에 이루어 지지 않았으며, 증상(症狀)이 진행(進行)됨에 따라 괴사성(壞死性) 염증성(炎症性) 반응(反應)은 더욱 확대(擴大) 되었는데, 이러한 소견(所見)은 감작(感作)되어 있는 숙주(宿主)에서 더욱 확실(確實)히 관찰(觀察)되었다. 5. 최초(最初)(1차(一次)) 흡혈(吸血) 시도후(試圖後) 감작(感作)된 가토(家兎)에 2차적(二次的)으로 부가흡혈(附加吸血)을 시도(試圖)하였을때 볼수 있는 진드기의 흡혈성취도(吸血成就度)의 저하현상(低下現象)은 숙주체내(宿主體內)의 교상병변(咬傷病變)에서 일어나는 조직병리학적(組織病理學的) 소견(所見)과 획득면역(獲得免役)에 깊이 관련(關聯)되어 있는 것으로 사료(思料)된다.

도축우(屠畜牛)에 있어서 주육포자충(住肉胞子蟲) 감염실태조사(感染實態調査)

강영배,김상희,위성환,Kang, Yung-bai,Kim, Sang-hee,Wee, Sung-hwan 대한수의학회 1988 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.28 No.2

A preliminary survey of Sarcocystis species in the slaughtered cattle in Seoul was undertaken during October through December 1987, using digestion diagnostic technique for the heart muscle specimens digested in 0.5% trypsin solution. Results indicated that 41.5% of 159 bovine hearts were infected with Sarcocystis proliferative forms. High frequencies in the exotic dairy cattle(42.2%) and the Korean native cattle(41.7%) were noticed in comparison with low frequency in the cross breed(25.0%). No differences were indicated between the sexes of the host animals, although an age difference was noticed as 48.9% in cattle older than four years in comparison with 39.0% and 37.1% in younger than two years and in two to four years, respectively.

소에 감염(感染)된 주육포자충(住肉胞子蟲) 무성생식(無性生殖) 증식형(增殖型)에 대(對)한 실험실적(實驗室的) 진단(診斷)

강영배,장환,Kang, Yung-bae,Jang, Hwan 대한수의학회 1988 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.28 No.1

For the laboratory diagnosis of Sarcocystis infections especially in domesticated food animals, several antificial digestion techniques were applied for the musculature specimens and several staining techniques was applied for the bradyzoites of Sarcocystis species isolated. The digestion technique using trypsin(0.5%) and sodium chloride(0.85%) mixed solution was regarded as the most valuable for the detection of asexual stages of Sarcocystis in bovine musculature specimens. Optimal time for digestion was approximately one to four hours. The trypsion digestion technique with Giemsa's stain could be helpful for the detection of Sarcocystis prolferative forms and for the observation of the nucleus of the parasite. A systematic detection was also performed in an autopsy for a bovine carcass naturally infected with Sarcocystis species, and the asexual stages such as metrocytes and bradyzoites were observed in the specific organs, respectively.

흰생쥐에서 분리(分離)된 대장요충(大腸蟯蟲)과 맹장요충(盲腸蟯蟲)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

강영배,김상희,김동성,Kang, Yung-bai,Kim, Sang-hee,Kim, Dong-sung 대한수의학회 1987 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.27 No.1

For the development of the specific pathogen free (SPF) or germ free laboratory animals, a parasitological survey was carried out and numerous pinworms were collected from the large intestines and caeca of the host animal Mus musculus alba. The pinworms collected from the laboratory albino mice were identified as Aspiculuris tetraptera, Syphacia muris and S. obvelata and classified into the Family Oxyuridae, Superfamily Oxyuroidea, Order Ascaridida. The overall infection rate of the pinworms was revealed as high as 64.8%(A. tetraptera 31.0%; S. muris 32.4% and S. obvelata 22.5%) consisting of the single species infection 47.9%, the double species infection 12.7% and the triple species infection 4.2%.

흰생쥐에서 분리(分離)된 쥐 모식응애 (Myocoptes musculinus)에 관(關)한 형태(形態) 및 생태관찰(生態觀察)

강영배,Kang, Yung-bai 대한수의학회 1987 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.27 No.1

For the development of the specific pathogen free (SPF) or germ free laboratory animals, a parasitological approach was applied to the preliminarily selected laboratory albino mice (Mus musculus alba) in order to observe the ectoparasites on the hair of the host animal. The mites collected from the laboratory albino mice were identified as Myocoptes musculinus and classified into the Family Listrophoridae, Suborder Sarcoptiformes, Order Acarina. The overall infection rate of the mites was revealed as high as 73.2% (52 out of 71 heads) and the development process from the eggs to larvae was observed for the understanding of the basic ecological properties.

황새의 이(蝨) Cuclotogaster heterographus와 Anaticola anseris의 주사전자현미경적관찰(走査電子顯微鏡的觀察)

강영배,변시열,Kang, Yung-bai,Byun, Si-yul 대한수의학회 1984 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.24 No.2

A migratory bird, the white stork, Ciconia boyciana was captured from a pond in the Cheju Island on the 18th of December in 1982. The morphological characteristics were described as seen in the binocular stereoscopic microscope and the further fine structures were observed by means of the scanning electron microscope (Model; ISI-DS-130). The bird was examined for the ectoparasites at the Cheju Provincial Veterinary Research Laboratory. Two kinds of specimens were collected from the head and body feathers. The specimens were sent to the Institute of Veterinary Research in Anyang for the classification and identification. The specimens preserved in 70% ethyl alcohol were examined and identified as the fowl head-louse, Cuclotogaster heterographus and the slender goose-louse, Anaticola anseris both classified into Family Philopteridae, Ischnocera, Order Mallophaga.

Rhipicephalus sanguineus에 대한 최초(最初)의 국내보고(國內報告)와 수컷에 대한 주사전자현미경적관찰(走査電子顯微鏡的觀察)

강영배,Kang, Yung bai 대한수의학회 1984 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.24 No.2

개진드기 (Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Latreille 1806)는 세계적(世界的)으로 가장 넓은 분포(分布)를 보이는 종류(種類)로서 알려지고 있으나 지금까지 국내(國內)에서는 고 조사(調査)가 실시(實施)된 바 없다. 1981년(年) 부터 1984년年에 걸쳐 우리나라 가축(家畜) 진드기의 생능조사(生能調査) 및 방제대책(防除對策)에 연관(關聯)된 몇가지 시험(試驗) 연구사업(硏究事業)을 수행(遂行)하는 동안 경기(京畿), 충남(忠南), 전북(全北) 및 제주지역(濟州地域)의 목장(牧場)에서 사육(飼育)하고 있는 개와 부근의 초지(草地)로부터 미포혈(未飽血) 또는 부분(部分) 포혈(飽血)된 진드기 재료(材料)를 수집(採集)하여 조사(調査), 분류(分類), 정의(同定) 해 본 결과(結果), P. sanguineus로 확인(確認) 되었다. R. sanguineus의 국내(國內) 조사(調査)와 그 기록(記錄)과 더불어 수컷재료(材料)에 대(對)한 주사전자현미경(走査電子顯微鏡) (SEM) 영상촬영(映像撮影) 사진(寫眞)과 함께 형태학적특징(形態學的特徵)을 관찰(觀察)하여 보고(報告)한다. R. sanguineus의 국내(國內) 서식(棲息)이 확정(確定)됨에따라 총(總)8속(屬)(Argas, Amblyomma, Boophilus, Dermacentor, Haemaphysalis, Hyalomma, Ixodes, Rhipicephalus)의 진드기가 분포(分布)함이 밝혀졌다. Rhipicephilus sanguineus (Latreille 1806) the brown dog tick, is one of the most widely distributed ixodid ticks in the world, however, there was no report for the discovery of the species in Korea. Specimens unfed or partly fed were collected from the dogs rearing in the livestock farms and the pastures near the farms located in Kyunggi-Do, Chungchong-Namdo, Cholla-Pukdo and Cheju-Do, in summer seasons during 1981 to 1984. The specimens were examined at the Institute of Veterinary Research in Anyang and were identified as R. sanguineus. The morphological characteristics observed by means of the scanning electron microscope were presented with some SEM microphotographs. As. R. sanguineus is firstly discovered to occur in Korea, a total of 20 species of ticks belonging to E: genera, such as, Argas, Amblyomma, Boophilus, Dermacentor, Haemaphysalis, Hyalomma, Ixodes and Rhipicephilus, has now been recorded.